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Energy saving analysis for CO_(2)–O_(2)mixed injection technology in converter steelmaking

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第5期31卷 1095-1103页

作者： Bao-chen Han Chun-liang Gao ya-qiang Li Dan liu Guang-sheng Wei Rong Zhu Hebei Key Laboratory of Material Near-Net Forming Technology School of Material Science and EngineeringHebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang050018HebeiChina Department of Automotive Engineering Hebei Vocational University of Technology and EngineeringXingtai054000HebeiChina School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China

Energy-saving in China's iron and steel industry still relies on the development and improvement of short-term energy saving ***,a special converter smelting technology incorporating energy saving was *** evaluate the energy-saving potential of the CO_(2)–O_(2)mixed injection(COMI)technology,collected production data were used to develop an improved techno-economic *** reveal that the technology can save energy through auxiliary material consumption,sensible heat of solid by-product,iron loss reduction,and energy *** application of COMI technology in an enterprise is cost effective,involving the energy saving potential of 0.206 GJ/t,the cost of conserved energy of−48.83 yuan/GJ,and a simple payback period of 0.35 year for a 60-million-yuan *** analysis shows that the investment cost and discount rate primarily influence the cost of conserved energy of the *** the discount rate increased,the cost of conserved energy also gradually ***,the COMI technology is an energy-saving technology with good development prospects.

关键词： Converter steelmaking COMI technology Energy saving Techno-economic model Investment cost

Covalently Bonded Ni Sites in Black Phosphorene with Electron Redistribution for Efficient Metal‑Lightweighted Water Electrolysis

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第6期16卷 233-245页

作者： Wenfang Zhai ya Chen yaoda liu Yuanyuan Ma Paranthaman Vijayakumar Yuanbin Qin Yongquan Qu Zhengfei Dai State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049People’s Republic of China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072People’s Republic of China SSN Research Centre SSN College of EngineeringChennaiTamil Nadu 603110India

The metal-lightweighted electrocatalysts for water splitting are highly desired for sustainable and economic hydrogen energy deployments,but *** this work,a low-content Ni-functionalized approach triggers the high capability of black phosphorene(BP)with hydrogen and oxygen evolution reaction(HER/OER)*** a facile in situ electro-exfoliation route,the ionized Ni sites are covalently functionalized in BP nanosheets with electron redistribution and controllable metal *** is found that the as-fabricated Ni-BP electrocatalysts can drive the water splitting with much enhanced HER and OER *** 1.0 M KOH electrolyte,the optimized 1.5 wt%Nifunctionalized BP nanosheets have readily achieved low overpotentials of 136 mV for HER and 230 mV for OER at 10 mA cm^(−2).Moreover,the covalently bonding between Ni and P has also strengthened the catalytic stability of the Ni-functionalized BP electrocatalyst,stably delivering the overall water splitting for 50 h at 20 mA cm^(−2).Theoretical calculations have revealed that Ni–P covalent binding can regulate the electronic structure and optimize the reaction energy barrier to improve the catalytic activity *** work confirms that Ni-functionalized BP is a suitable candidate for electrocatalytic overall water splitting,and provides effective strategies for constructing metal-lightweighted economic electrocatalysts.

关键词： Black phosphorus Water electrolysis Electrocatalyst Electron redistribution Covalent functionalization

Mechanical characteristics and reservoir stimulation mechanisms of the Gulong shale oil reservoirs, the northern Songliao Basin

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 2023-2036页

作者： Si-Wei Meng Jia-Ping Tao Tian-Jiao Li Dong-Xu Li Su-ling Wang liu yang Xin liu Li-Hao Liang He liu PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration Development Beijing100083China National Key Laboratory of Continental Shale Oil Daqing 163002HeilongjiangChina Dalian University of Technology Dalian116024LiaoningChina PetroChina Daqing Oilfield Co.Ltd. Daqing163002HeilongjiangChina Northeast Petroleum University Daqing163002HeilongjiangChina China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing) Beijing100083China

Shale oil of the Qingshankou Formation of the Gulong Sag,the northern Songliao Basin,represents the first attempt at large-scale development of pure-shale-type shale oil in *** integrating the multiscale refined reservoir characterization with macro-micro-scale mechanical testing,it is clarified that the Gulong shale is characterized by high clay mineral content,high rock plasticity,highly-developed bedding,and prominent mechanical anisotropy.A three-dimensional(3D)fracture propagation model of hydraulic fracturing was built for the Gulong shale,which fully captures the hydraulic fracture distribution pattern affected by the high bedding density,in-situ stress,and fracturing treatment *** research showed that due to influences of bedding,hydraulic fracturing in the Gulong shale forms a complex fracture morphology featuring the main fracture with multiple perpendicular branches that have different lengths(like the outdoor directional TV antenna);however,the vertical propagation of fractures is inhibited,and the fracture height is commonly less than 10 *** limited stimulated reservoir volume(SRV)is the main problem facing the fracturing stimulation of the Gulong shale *** density has vital effects on fracture morphology,so case-specific fracturing designs shall be developed for shale intervals with different bedding development *** reservoirs with welldeveloped bedding,it is suggested to properly increase the perforation cluster spacing and raise the volume and proportions of viscous fluids of the pad,so as to effectively promote vertical fracture propagation and improve reservoir stimulation *** study integrates multi-scale fine reservoir characterization and macro-micro-scale mechanical testing,as well as the construction and numerical simulation of hydraulic fracturing models for high-density layered shale reservoirs,providing a new approach and methodological framework for the fracturing research of high-density layer

关键词： Shale oil Hydraulic fracturing High bedding density Fracture propagation model

Molding simulation of airfoil foam sandwich structure and interference optimization of foam-core

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第10期37卷 325-338页

作者： Qianying CEN Zeyang XING Qingyou WANG Lili LI Zhigang WANG Zhanjun WU ling liu School of Aerospace Engineering&Applied Mechanics Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China AVIC Harbin Aircraft Industry Group Co.Ltd Harbin 150066China School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China

During the Co-Cure Molding(CCM)of airfoil foam sandwich structure,it is challenging to avoid collapse of foam core at the trailing ***,an Equal Proportional Thickening(EPT)method is proposed to optimize the interference of polymethacrylimide(PMI)foam core during the CCM ***,based on some basic parameters of composite skin and foam core obtained by experiments or multi-scale simulations,a thermal-curing-mechanical coupling analysis for the CCM of foam sandwich structure is performed and the results show that the maximum stress within foam core occurs at the completion of mold-closing,which tends to decrease during the subsequent CCM ***,the foam core is thickened by traditional equidistant-thickening method,and the simulation reveals that the foam core at the trailing edge tends to collapse because of stress ***,if the foam core is thickened by the proposed EPT method,the mold-closing caused collapse at the trailing edge can be effectively avoided,and a thickening ratio range of 0.6%–2.0%is obtained,which is further proved by practical ***,the interference design scheme proposed can ensure the molding quality and effectively reduce the scrap of molded products.

关键词： Airfoil foam sandwich structure Polymethacrylimide(PMI)foam Interference Co-curing Molding simulation

Bayesian network-based survival prediction model for patients having undergone post-transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for portal hypertension

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第13期30卷 1859-1870页

作者： Rong Chen ling Luo Yun-Zhi Zhang Zhen liu An-Lin liu Yi-Wen Zhang Department of Infectious Diseases Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China

BACKGROUND Portal hypertension(PHT),primarily induced by cirrhosis,manifests severe symptoms impacting patient *** transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)is a critical intervention for managing PHT,it carries risks like hepatic encephalopathy,thus affecting patient survival *** our knowledge,existing prognostic models for post-TIPS survival in patients with PHT fail to account for the interplay among and collective impact of various prognostic factors on ***,the development of an innovative modeling approach is essential to address this *** To develop and validate a Bayesian network(BN)-based survival prediction model for patients with cirrhosis-induced PHT having undergone *** The clinical data of 393 patients with cirrhosis-induced PHT who underwent TIPS surgery at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University between January 2015 and May 2022 were retrospectively *** were selected using Cox and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression methods,and a BN-based model was established and evaluated to predict survival in patients having undergone TIPS surgery for *** Variable selection revealed the following as key factors impacting survival:age,ascites,hypertension,indications for TIPS,postoperative portal vein pressure(post-PVP),aspartate aminotransferase,alkaline phosphatase,total bilirubin,prealbumin,the Child-Pugh grade,and the model for end-stage liver disease(MELD)*** on the above-mentioned variables,a BN-based 2-year survival prognostic prediction model was constructed,which identified the following factors to be directly linked to the survival time:age,ascites,indications for TIPS,concurrent hypertension,post-PVP,the Child-Pugh grade,and the MELD *** Bayesian information criterion was 3589.04,and 10-fold cross-validation indicated an average log-likelihood loss of 5.55 with a standard deviation of *** model’s acc

关键词： Bayesian network Cirrhosis Portal hypertension Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt Survival prediction model

Flexible and Stretchable Electrodes for In Vivo Electrophysiological and Electrochemical Monitoring

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第13期42卷 1523-1545页

作者： Kai-Kai Sheng Yi-Fei Lu Wen-Ting Fan yan-ling liu College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University WuhanHubei 430072China Core Facilty of Wuhan University WuhanHubei 430072China

In vivo monitoring of bioelectrical and biochemical signals with implanted electrodes has received great interest over the past ***,this faces huge challenges because of the severe mechanical mismatch between conventional rigid electrodes and soft biological *** recent years,the emergence of flexible and stretchable electrodes offers seamless and conformable biological-electronic interfaces and has demonstrated significant advantages for in vivo electrochemical and electrophysiological *** review first summarizes the strategies for electrode fabrication from the point of substrate and conductive ***,recent progress in electrode functionalization for improved performance is ***,the advances of flexible and stretchable electrodes in exploring bioelectrical and biochemical signals are ***,we present some challenges and perspectives ranging from electrode fabrication to application.

关键词： Flexible electrodes Conductive materials Stretchable structures Electrode functionalization In vivo monitoring Biochemical signals Bioelectrical signals

Drivers of spatial structure in thinned forests

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第2期11卷 202-213页

作者： Zichun Wang yaoxiang Li Guangyu Wang Zheyu Zhang ya Chen Xiaoli liu Rundong Peng College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin150040China Department of Forest Resources Management University of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada

Background:As is widely known,an increasing number of forest areas were managed to preserve and enhance the health of forest ***,previous research on forest management has often overlooked the importance of ***:Our objectives were to define the direction of structure-based forest ***,we investigated the relationships between forest structure and the regeneration,growth,and mortality of trees under different thinning ***,the drivers of forest structural change were ***:On the basis of 92 sites selected from northeastern China,with different recovery time (from 1 to 15years) and different thinning intensities (0–59.9%) since the last *** component analysis (PCA)identified relationships among factors determining forest spatial *** structural equation model (SEM)was used to analyze the driving factors behind the changes in forest spatial structure after ***:Light thinning (0–20%trees removed) promoted forest regeneration,and heavy thinning (over 35% of trees removed) facilitated forest ***,only moderate thinning (20%–35%trees removed) created a reasonable spatial *** dead trees were clustered,and they were hardly affected by thinning ***,thinning intensity,recovery time,and altitude indirectly improve the spatial structure of the forest by influencing diameter at breast height (DBH) and canopy ***:Creating larger DBH and canopy area through thinning will promote the formation of complex forest structures,which cultivates healthy and stable forests.

关键词： Thinning Natural secondary forest Spatial structure Dynamic changes Growth factors Structural equation modeling

The 2023 Turkey earthquake doublet: Earthquake relocation, seismic tomography, and stress field inversion

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第3期8卷 535-548页

作者： HuiLi Zhan ling Bai Bagus Adi Wibowo Chaoya liu Kazuo Oike Yuzo Ishikawa State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Center of Earthquake and Tsunami Agency of MeteorologyClimatology and GeophysicsJakarta 10610Indonesia University of Shizuoka Shizuoka 422-8526Japan Shizuoka University Shizuoka 422-8529Japan

On February 6,2023,two earthquakes with magnitudes of M_(W) 7.8 and M_(W) 7.5 struck southeastern Turkey,causing significant casualties and economic *** seismic events occurred along the East Anatolian Fault Zone,a convergent boundary between the Arabian Plate and the Anatolian *** this study,we analyze the M_(W) 7.8 and M_(W) 7.5 earthquakes by comparing their aftershock relocations,tomographic images,and stress field *** earthquakes were localized in the upper crust and exhibited steep dip ***,the aftershocks occurred either close to the boundaries of low and high P-wave velocity anomaly zones or within the low P-wave velocity anomaly *** East Anatolia Fault,associated with the M_(W) 7.8 earthquake,and the SürgüFault,related to the M_(W) 7.5 earthquake,predominantly experienced shear ***,their western sections experienced a combination of strike-slip and tensile stresses in addition to shear *** ruptures of the M_(W) 7.8 and M_(W) 7.5 earthquakes appear to have bridged a seismic gap that had seen sparse seismicity over the past 200 years prior to the 2023 Turkey earthquake sequence.

关键词： Turkey earthquake doublet earthquake relocation seismic tomography stress field seismicity

A novel route to enhance high-temperature mechanical property and thermal shock resistance of low-carbon Mgo-C bricks by introducing ZrSiO_(4)

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第6期31卷 1436-1448页

作者： Chun-hui Sun ling-ling Zhu Hao yan Wei Zhao Jing-xuan liu Lin Ren Xian-tang Zhao Xiao-song Tong Shu-wen Yu Beijing Lirr High-Temperature Materials Co. Ltd.Beijing 102211China School of Materials Science and Engineering Henan Province Industrial Technology Research Institute of Resources and MaterialsZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001HenanChina School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Suzhou UniversitySuzhou 234000AnhuiChina

Conventional MgO-C bricks(graphite content>14 wt.%)produce a great deal of greenhouse gas emission,while low-carbon MgO-C bricks have serious thermal shock resistance during high-temperature *** enhance the high-temperature mechanical property and thermal shock resistance of low-carbon MgO-C bricks,a novel route of introducing ZrSiO_(4) powder into low-carbon MgO-C bricks was reported in such refractories with 2 wt.% flaky *** results indicate that the low-carbon MgO-C brick with 0.5 wt.%ZrSiO_(4) addition has the maximum hot modulus of rupture at 1400℃ and the corresponding specimen fired in the carbon embedded atmosphere has the maximum residual strength ratio(98.6%)after three thermal shock *** is found that some needle-like AlON and plate-like Al_(2)O_(3)-ZrO_(2) composites were in situ formed in the matrices after the low-carbon MgO-C bricks were coked at 1400℃,which can enhance the high-temperature mechanical property and thermal shock resistance due to the effect of fiber toughening and particle ***,CO_(2) emission of the newly developed low-carbon MgO-C bricks is reduced by 58.3% per ton steel after using them as the working lining of a 90 t vacuum oxygen decarburization ladle.

关键词： Low-carbon MgO-C brick ZrsiO_(4) Synergistic toughening effect High-temperature mechanical property Thermal shock resistance Vacuum oxygen decarburization ladle