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BMPR-IB gene disruption causes severe limb deformities in pigs

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Zoological Research 2022年第3期43卷 391-403页

作者： qiang yang Chuan-Min qiao Wei-Wei liu Hao-Yun Jiang qi-qi Jing ya-ya Liao Jun Ren Yu-Yun Xing State Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement and Production Technology Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchangJiangxi 330045China

In an attempt to generate g.A746G substitution in the BMPR-IB gene,we unexpectedly obtained BMPR-IB homozygous knockout piglets(BMPR-IB^(-/-))and heterogeneous knockout piglets with one copy of the A746G mutation(BMPR-IB-/746G)via CRISPR/Cas9 editing.Polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and sequencing revealed complex genomic rearrangements in the target region.All BMPR-IBdisrupted piglets showed an inability to stand and walk normally.Both BMPR-IB^(-/-)and BMPR-IB-/746G piglets exhibited severe skeletal dysplasia characterized by distorted and truncated forearms(ulna,radius)and disordered carpal,metacarpal,and phalangeal bones in the forelimbs.The piglets displayed more severe deformities in the hindlimbs by visual inspection,including fibular hemimelia,enlarged tarsal bone,and disordered toe joint bones.Limb deformities were more profound in BMPR-IB^(-/-)piglets than in the BMPR-IB-/746G piglets.Proteomic analysis identified 139 differentially expressed proteins(DEPs)in the hindlimb fibula of BMPR-IB-/746G piglets compared to the wild-type(WT)controls.Most DEPs are involved in skeletal or embryonic development and/or the TGF-βpathway and tumor progression.Gene Ontology(GO)and protein domain enrichment analysis suggested alterations in these processes.Of the top 50 DEPs,a large proportion,e.g.,C1QA,MYO1H,SRSF1,P3H1,GJA1,TCOF1,RBM10,SPP2,MMP13,and PHAX,were significantly associated with skeletal development.Our study provides novel findings on the role of BMPR-IB in mammalian limb development.

关键词： BMPR-IB A746G Pigs Limb deformities

The risks of sulfur addition on cadmium accumulation in paddy rice under different water-management conditions

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第8期34卷 101-111页

作者： Zhe liu qi-qi Wang Si-yu Huang Ling-xuan Kong Zhong Zhuang qi Wang Hua-fen Li ya-nan Wan Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Recently, the application of sulfur(S) has been recommended to control the accumulation of cadmium(Cd) in rice in contaminated paddy soil. However, the effects of exogenous S on Cd transfer in paddy rice systems under different water-management practices have not been systematically investigated. Pot experiments were performed to monitor the composition of soil pore water and the Cd accumulation in iron plaque and rice tissue were compared under different S(0 and 200 mg/kg Na_(2)SO_(4)) and water(continuous and discontinuous flooding) treatments. Sulfur application significantly increased Cd concentrations in soil pore water under discontinuous flooding conditions, but slightly reduced them under continuous flooding. Moreover, the oxidation/reduction potential(Eh) was the most critical factor that affected the Cd levels. When the Eh exceeded-42.5 mV, S became the second critical factor, and excessive S application promoted Cd dissolution. In addition, S addition elevated the Cd levels in iron plaque and reduced the Cd transfer from the iron plaque to rice roots. In rice, S addition inhibited Cd transfer from the rice roots to the straw;thus, more Cd was stored in the rice roots. Nevertheless, additional S application increased the Cd content in the rice grains by 72% under discontinuous flooding, although this effect was mitigated by continued flooding. Under simulated practical water management conditions, S addition increased the risk of Cd contamination in rice, suggesting that S application should be reconsidered as a paddy fertilization strategy.

关键词： Rice Cadmium Sulfur Water management Iron plaque Accumulation

Deltonin enhances gastric carcinoma cell apoptosis and chemosensitivity to cisplatin via inhibiting PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK signaling

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2023年第10期15卷 1739-1755页

作者： Lin yang ya-Nan liu Yi Gu qi Guo Intensive Care Unit Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006Jiangsu ProvinceChina Nursing Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Radiotherapy Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006Jiangsu ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND As an active ingredient derived from Dioscorea zingiberensis C.H.Wright,deltonin has been reported to show anti-cancer effects in a variety of malignancies.AIM To investigate the role and mechanism of action of deltonin in promoting gastric carcinoma(GC)cell apoptosis and chemosensitivity to cisplatin.METHODS The GC cell lines AGS,HGC-27,and MKN-45 were treated with deltonin and then subjected to flow cytometry and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-3,5-diphenyltet-razolium bromide assays for cell apoptosis and viability determination.Western blot analysis was conducted to examine alterations in the expression of apoptosis-related proteins(Bax,Bid,Bad,and Fas),DNA repair-associated proteins(Rad51 and MDM2),and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of the rapamycin(PI3K/AKT/mTOR)and p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)axis proteins.Additionally,the influence of deltonin on GC cell chemosensitivity to cisplatin was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo.RESULTS Deltonin treatment weakened viability,enhanced apoptosis,and dampened DNA repair in GC cell lines in a dose-dependent pattern.Furthermore,deltonin mitigated PI3K,AKT,mTOR,and p38-MAPK phosphorylation.HS-173,an inhibitor of PI3K,attenuated GC cell viability and abolished deltonin inhibition of GC cell viability and PI3K/AKT/mTOR and p38-MAPK pathway activation.Deltonin also promoted the chemosensitivity of GC cells to cisplatin via repressing GC cell proliferation and growth and accelerating apoptosis.CONCLUSION Deltonin can boost the chemosensitivity of GC cells to cisplatin via inactivating p38-MAPK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling.

关键词： Deltonin Gastric carcinoma Cisplatin Apoptosis Chemotherapy Axis

In situ TiN-reinforced CoCr2FeNiTi(0.5) high-entropy alloy composite coating fabricated by laser cladding

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Rare Metals 2020年第10期39卷 1190-1195页

作者： ya-Xiong Guo qi-Bin liu Xiao-Juan Shang College of Materials and Metallurgy Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China Guizhou Province Key Laboratory of Materials Structure and Strength Guiyang 550025China

The fcc structural CoCr2 FeNiTi(0.5) high-entropy alloy(HEA) composite coating with TiN particles reinforced was acquired by laser cladding on the commercial904 L stainless steels.The results show that phase structure is mainly composed of fcc solid solution and TiN phases.The coating exhibits excellent structural stability below850℃.The microstructure consists of irregular dendrite and TiN particles.Transmission electron microscopy(TEM) results reveal that the close-packed plane of fcc phase is(111) with interplanar spacing of ~ 0.208 nm.The interface between TiN and fcc matrix is semi-coherent.And the angle of boundary between dendrite and matrix is ~ 65°.The hardness and corrosion resistance of coating have much improvement compared with those of substrate.

关键词： TiN particle reinforced High-entropy alloy Semi-coherent interface Laser cladding

Elastoplastic behavior of frozen sand-concrete interfaces under cyclic shear loading

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2022年第9期23卷 683-703页

作者： Jian CHANG Jian-kun liu ya-li LI qi WANG Zhong-hua HAO School of Civil Engineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China School of Civil Engineering Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519082China

The resilient modulus,accumulated plastic strain,peak shear stress,and critical shear stress are the elastoplastic behaviors of frozen sand–concrete interfaces under cyclic shear loading.They reflect the bearing capacity of buildings(e.***.highspeed railways)in both seasonal frozen and permafrost regions.This study describes a series of direct shear experiments conducted on frozen sand–concrete interfaces.The results indicated that the elastoplastic behaviors of frozen sand–concrete interfaces,including the resilient modulus,accumulated plastic strain,and shear strength,are influenced by the boundary conditions(constant normal loading and constant normal height),initial normal stress,negative temperature,and cyclic-loading amplitude.The resilient modulus was significantly correlated with the initial normal stress and negative temperature,but not with the cyclic-loading amplitude and loading cycles.The accumulated plastic shear strain increased when the initial normal stress and cyclic-loading amplitude increased and the temperature decreased.Moreover,the accumulated plastic shear strain increment decreased when the loading cycles increased.The accumulated direction also varied with changes in the initial normal stress,negative temperature,and cyclic-loading amplitude.The peak shear stress of the frozen sand–concrete interface was affected by the initial normal stress,negative temperature,cyclic-loading amplitude,and boundary conditions.Nevertheless,a correlation was observed between the critical shear stress and the initial normal stress and boundary conditions.The peak shear stress was higher,and the critical shear stress was lower under the constant normal height boundary condition.Based on the results,it appears that the properties of frozen sand–concrete interfaces,including plastic deformation properties and stress strength properties,are influenced by cyclic shear stress.These results provide valuable information for the investigation of constitutive models of frozen soil–structure interfaces.

关键词： Frozen sand-concrete interface Cyclic direct shear test Elastoplastic behavior Direction of accumulated plastic strain Boundary condition

Complete colonic duplication presenting as hip fistula in an adult with pelvic malformation:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第30期10卷 11037-11043页

作者： Xuan Cai Jing-Tao Bi Zhi-Xue Zheng Ya-qi Liu Department of General Surgery Beijing Jishuitan HospitalBeijing 100035China

BACKGROUND Alimentary tract duplication(ATD) is a rare congenital anomaly.Thus,a case of ATD with a complete colonic duplication isolated in the abdominal cavity with a fistula and multiple malformations is very distinctive.These characteristics show the variability of this disease and explain why it tends to be challenging to diagnose and treat.CASE SUMMARY A 25-year-old woman with a history of a fistula opening in her right hip since birth presented with the irregular discharge of foul fluid from the fistula and intermittent abdominal pain.Contrast-enhanced computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings revealed a duplicated tube isolated in her abdominal pelvic cavity along with a pelvic malformation and double ureter.Right foot radiographic examination showed pes cavus.During surgery,the tube appeared to be an almost complete colonic structure and was verified to be connected to the fistula.All of the involved tissue and fistula were removed,and the defect in the pelvic floor was closed by suturing after surgery.After 8 mo,the postoperative follow-up has been uneventful.CONCLUSION ATD may be a differential diagnosis in sinus tract cases.Laparoscopy combined with open surgery is a viable treatment option.

关键词： Abdominal pain Colonic duplication Computed tomography Hip fistula Pelvic malformation Laparoscopy Case report

Clause-level Relationship-aware Math Word Problems Solver

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Machine Intelligence Research 2022年第5期19卷 425-438页

作者： Chang-yang Wu Xin Lin Zhen-ya Huang Yu Yin Jia-Yu liu qi liu Gang Zhou Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Application School of Data ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hefei Comprehensive National Science CenterHefei 230088China Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Information Engineering UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

Automatically solving math word problems,which involves comprehension,cognition,and reasoning,is a crucial issue in artificial intelligence research.Existing math word problem solvers mainly work on word-level relationship extraction and the generation of expression solutions while lacking consideration of the clause-level relationship.To this end,inspired by the theory of two levels of process in comprehension,we propose a novel clause-level relationship-aware math solver(CLRSolver)to mimic the process of human comprehension from lower level to higher level.Specifically,in the lower-level processes,we split problems into clauses according to their natural division and learn their semantics.In the higher-level processes,following human′s multi-view understanding of clause-level relationships,we first apply a CNN-based module to learn the dependency relationships between clauses from word relevance in a local view.Then,we propose two novel relationship-aware mechanisms to learn dependency relationships from the clause semantics in a global view.Next,we enhance the representation of clauses based on the learned clause-level dependency relationships.In expression generation,we develop a tree-based decoder to generate the mathematical expression.We conduct extensive experiments on two datasets,where the results demonstrate the superiority of our framework.

关键词： Artificial intelligence(AI) artificial neural network(ANN) computational mathematics machine intelligence machine learning

Physics-informed neural network-based petroleum reservoir simulation with sparse data using domain decomposition

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Petroleum Science 2023年第6期20卷 3450-3460页

作者： Jiang-Xia Han Liang Xue Yun-Sheng Wei ya-Dong qi Jun-Lei Wang Yue-Tian liu Yu-qi Zhang National Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China Department of Oil-Gas Field Development Engineering College of Petroleum EngineeringChina University of PetroleumBeijing102249China PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development Beijing100083China Lushang Oilfield Operation Area Jidong Oilfield CompanyPetroChinaTangshan063000HebeiChina

Recent advances in deep learning have expanded new possibilities for fluid flow simulation in petroleum reservoirs.However,the predominant approach in existing research is to train neural networks using high-fidelity numerical simulation data.This presents a significant challenge because the sole source of authentic wellbore production data for training is sparse.In response to this challenge,this work introduces a novel architecture called physics-informed neural network based on domain decomposition(PINN-DD),aiming to effectively utilize the sparse production data of wells for reservoir simulation with large-scale systems.To harness the capabilities of physics-informed neural networks(PINNs)in handling small-scale spatial-temporal domain while addressing the challenges of large-scale systems with sparse labeled data,the computational domain is divided into two distinct sub-domains:the well-containing and the well-free sub-domain.Moreover,the two sub-domains and the interface are rigorously constrained by the governing equations,data matching,and boundary conditions.The accuracy of the proposed method is evaluated on two problems,and its performance is compared against state-of-the-art PINNs through numerical analysis as a benchmark.The results demonstrate the superiority of PINN-DD in handling large-scale reservoir simulation with limited data and show its potential to outperform conventional PINNs in such scenarios.

关键词： Physical-informed neural networks Fluid flow simulation Sparse data Domain decomposition

Self‐adaptive electrostatic discharge performance of ZnO microvaristors doped silicone rubber composites

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High Voltage 2023年第6期8卷 1180-1187页

作者： ya Sun Zhikang Yuan Jun Hu Zhiwen Huang Xuan liu Gang Sun qi Li Jinliang He State Key Laboratory of Power Systems Department of Electrical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina

With the increase in applied voltage and the decrease in volume,integrated electronic modules have become electrostatic sensitive.ZnO microvaristors doped silicone rubber(SiR)composite,with electric field‐dependent conductivity,shows promising prospects for solving the electrostatic problem.In this study,20 vol%to 50 vol%ZnO/SiR composite films,filled with 10–30μm ZnO microvaristors,were prepared and put into the test of electrostatic discharge.Compared with the insulating and conducting materials,ZnO/SiR composites achieve the lowest initial voltage and a short time constant of electrostatic discharge.With the increase of ZnO microvaristors volume fraction,from 20%to 50%,the initial voltage and the time constant of electrostatic discharge drop from 1.78 to 0.72 kV and 3.1 ms to 0.4μs.When the ZnO volume fraction is higher than 30%,there is no residual voltage after 0.1 s.To explore the reason behind different electrostatic discharge performances of the ZnO/SiR composites,the conductivities of the com-posites were measured.It is found that the break‐over voltage of the composite drops with the increase in the ZnO microvaristors volume fraction.When a high voltage im-pulse is applied on the ZnO/SiR film,the composite will turn to the conducting state and release the electrostatic charge adaptively so that the initial voltage can be controlled.This work supplies a novel electrostatic discharge idea for electric and electronic devices.

关键词： composites composite rubber