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Plutonium utilization in a small modular molten-salt reactor based on a batch fuel reprocessing scheme

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第4期35卷 15-28页

作者： Xue-Chao Zhao Rui yan Gui-Feng Zhu ya-Fen Liu Jian Guo Xiang-zhou Cai yang Zou Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China CAS Innovative Academies in TMSR Energy System Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

A molten salt reactor(MSR)has outstanding features considering the application of thorium fuel,inherent safety,sustainability,and resistance to ***,fissile material^(233)U is significantly rare at the current stage,thus it is difficult for MSR to achieve a pure thorium-uranium fuel ***,using plutonium or enriched uranium as the initial fuel for MSR is more *** this study,we aim to verify the feasibility of a small modular MSR that utilizes plutonium as the starting fuel(SM-MSR-Pu),and highlight its advantages and ***,the structural design and fuel management scheme of the SM-MSR-Pu were ***,the neutronic characteristics,such as the graphite-irradiation lifetime,burn-up performance,and coefficient of temperature reactivity were calculated to analyze the physical characteristics of the *** results indicate that plutonium is a feasible and advantageous starting fuel for a SM-MSR;however,there are certain shortcomings that need to be *** a 250 MWth SM-MSR-Pu,approximately 288.64 kg^(233)U of plutonium with a purity of greater than 90% is produced while 978.00 kg is burned every ten *** temperature reactivity coefficient decreases from -4.0 to -6.5 pcm K^(-1) over the 50-year operating time,which ensures a long-term safe ***,the amount of plutonium and accumulation of minor actinides(MAs)would increase as the burn-up time increases,and the annual production and purity of^(233)U will *** achieve an optimal burn-up performance,setting the entire operation time to 30 years is ***,more than 3600 kg of plutonium eventually accumulate in the *** research is required to effectively utilize this accumulated plutonium.

关键词： Molten salt fuel Plutonium utilization ^(233)U TRUs mole fraction Temperature feedback coefficient

Extended survival with metastatic pancreatic cancer under fruquintinib treatment after failed chemotherapy:Two case reports

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第7期12卷 1296-1304页

作者： Dan Wu qiong Wang Shuai yan Xia Sun ya Qin Ming Yuan Nan-yao Wang Xian-Ting Huang Department of Oncology Jiangyin People's HospitalWuxi 214400Jiangsu ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer is a highly malignant *** decades of treatment progress,the current five-year survival rate for patients is still less than 10%.For later-line treatment,the treatment options are even more ***-angiogenic drugs can improve progression-free survival in patients with advanced pancreatic *** data show that fruquintinib might improve the prognosis of advanced pancreatic cancer by targeting angiogenesis and lymphopoiesis,improving the abnormal vascular structure,and modulating the tumour immune *** SUMMARY We present two cases of third-line fruquintinib monotherapy that brought an extraprolonged progress-free survival(PFS)of 10 *** 1 took adjuvant gemcitabine-based and first-line nab-paclitaxel-based chemotherapy and then used local radiotherapy combined with programmed cell death 1 receptor(PD-1).Each line lasted approximately 7 ***,the patient took third-line fruquintinib,which was followed by stable disease for 10 months,during which no additional adverse effect was *** patient later refused to take fruquintinib due to difficulty urinating and lower abdominal pain after the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)*** patient died in February *** 2 also took two prior lines of chemotherapy and then local radiotherapy combined with *** confirmed disease progression,the patient experienced a continuous partial response after using fruquintinib monotherapy in the third *** the patient had COVID-19 in December 2022,fruquintinib was *** patient died in January 2023 due to disease *** Both cases achieved a PFS benefit from later-line single-agent fruquintinib *** its better safety profile,fruquintinib may be worth exploring and studying in more depth as a later-line treatment for pancreatic cancer patients.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor Fruquintinib Case report

Nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide/schwertmannite nanocomposites as heterogeneous photo-Fenton catalysts with enhanced efficiency for the degradation of bisphenol A

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 1-11页

作者： Xing-Xing Qiao Yu-Hang Xu Xiang-Ji Liu Sai-Le Chen zhou Zhong ya-Feng Li Jian Lü Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation College of Resources and EnvironmentFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350116China

Potential health risks related to environmental endocrine disruptors(EEDs)have aroused research hotspots at the forefront of water treatment ***,nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide/schwertmannite nanocomposites(N-TiO_(2)/SCH)have been successfully developed as heterogeneous catalysts for the degradation of typical EEDs via photo-Fenton *** to the sustainable Fe(Ⅲ)/Fe(Ⅱ)conversion induced by photoelectrons,as-prepared N-TiO_(2)/SCH nanocomposites exhibit much enhanced efficiency for the degradation of bisphenol A(BPA;ca.100% within 60 min under visible irradiation)in a wide pH range of 3.0-7.8,which is significantly higher than that of the pristine schwertmannite(ca.74.5%)or N-TiO_(2)(ca.10.8%).In this photo-Fenton system,the efficient degradation of BPA is mainly attributed to the oxidation by hydroxyl radical(·OH)and singlet oxygen(^(1)O_(2)).Moreover,the possible catalytic mechanisms and reaction pathway of BPA degradation are systematically investigated based on analytical and photoelectrochemical *** work not only provides a feasible means for the development of novel heterogeneous photo-Fenton catalysts,but also lays a theoretical foundation for the potential application of mineral-based materials in wastewater treatment.

关键词： Titanium dioxide Schwertmannite Fenton reaction Environmental endocrine disruptors Photocatalysis

Influence of sea-land breeze on the formation and dissipation of severe dense fog and its burst reinforcement in the Yellow Sea coastal area,China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第2期67卷 432-449页

作者： ya GAO Duanyang LIU Shuqi yaN Wenjun zhou Hongbin WANG Fan ZU Qin MEI Chuanxiang YI Ye SHENG Key Laboratory of Transportation Meteorology of China Meteorological Administration Nanjing210041China yancheng Meteorological Bureau Yancheng224000China Nanjing Joint Institute for Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing210041China Key Laboratory of Disaster Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing100086China

Based on the global reanalysis data of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction(NCEP)/National Center for Atmospheric Research,the surface meteorological observation data,sounding data and satellite observation data,this paper comprehensively analyzes the evolution process and formation mechanism of a persistent severe dense fog process occurred on February 15–17,2015 in yancheng,eastern *** the numerical simulation experiment of Weather Research and Forecast(WRF)model,we further analyze the impact of sea-land breeze on the formation and burst reinforcement of *** show that the precipitation caused by the southwesterly airflow in front of the upper-level trough and the low-pressure inverted trough are conducive to the formation of early rain fog,while the nighttime clear radiance under the control of surface cold high and the infiltration of weak cold advection are conducive to the formation and development of later radiation-advection *** WRF model simulates the fog evolution process,which is basically consistent with the actual fog area,and the simulation results are credible to a certain *** simulation results show that the establishment of sea breeze has an advection cooling effect on the near surface layer,which is conducive to the formation and development of the inversion layer on the near surface,providing stable stratification conditions for the formation and burst reinforcement of *** one hand,the strengthening of sea breeze circulation can continuously transport water vapor to the study *** the other,the occurrence of ultra-low level jet is favorable for the accumulation of low-level water *** the same time,the inversion intensity further strengthens,which is in favor of the burst reinforcement and long-term maintenance of fog.

关键词： Radiation-advection fog Sea-land breeze Atmospheric boundary layer Fog burst reinforcement WRF model

Mannanase improves the growth performance of broilers by alleviating inflammation of the intestinal epithelium and improving intestinal microbiota

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 376-394页

作者： Xiaodan Zhang Huiping Xu Lu Gong Jiao Wang Jianyang Fu Zengpeng Lv Liangjuan zhou Xuejun Li qiong Liu Pingyu Xia Yuming Guo State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding College of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University Beijing Strowin Biotechnology Co. Ltd.

This experiment aimed to discuss and reveal the effect and mechanism of mannanase on intestinal inflammation in broilers triggered by a soybean meal diet. In this experiment, 384 Arbor Acres broilers at1 d old were randomly divided into 3 treatment groups. The broilers were fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet, a low-energy diet(metabolizable energy reduced by 50 kcal/kg), and a low-energy diet supplemented with 100 mg/kg mannanase for 42 d. The low-energy diet increased feed conversion ratio from0 to 42 d, reduced ileal villus height and villus height-to-crypt depth ratio and upregulated the expression of nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB) in the ileum(P < 0.05). It also reduced cecal short-chain fatty acids(SCFA), such as acetic acid(P < 0.05). Compared with low-energy diets, the addition of mannanase increased body weight at 42 d, promoted the digestibility of nutrients, and maintained the morphology and integrity of the intestinal epithelium of broilers(P < 0.05). In addition, mannanase upregulated the expression of claudin-1(CLDN1) and zonula occludens-1(ZO-1) in the jejunum at 21 d,downregulated the expression of ileal NF-κB, and increased the content of isobutyric acid in the cecum of broilers(P < 0.05). The results for the ileal microbiota showed that a low-energy diet led to a decrease in the relative abundance of Lactobacillus reuteri in the ileum of broilers. The addition of mannanase increased the relative abundance of Lactobacillus-KC45b and Lactobacillus johnsonii in broilers. Furthermore, a low-energy diet reduced the relative abundance of Butyricicoccus in the intestine of broilers and inhibited oxidative phosphorylation and phosphoinositol metabolism. Mannanase increased the relative abundance of Odoribacter, promoted energy metabolism and N-glycan biosynthesis, and increased the activities of GH3 and GH18. It is concluded that mannanase could improve the growth performance of broilers by reducing the expression of NF-κB in the ileum, increasing the produc

关键词： Broiler Low-energy diet Mannanase Intestinal inflammatory response Intestinal microbiota Metagenome

Predicting the prognosis of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第6期16卷 2380-2393页

作者： Qi-Feng Wang Zong-Wei Li Hai-Feng zhou Kun-Zhong Zhu ya-Jing Wang ya-Qin Wang Yue-Wei Zhang Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Center Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital Affiliated to Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 102218China Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Qinghai University Affiliated HospitalXining 810000Qinghai ProvinceChina

Hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy(HAIC)has good clinical efficacy in the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC);however,its efficacy *** review summarized the ability of various markers to predict the efficacy of HAIC and provided a reference for clinical *** of October 25,2023,51 articles have been retrieved based on keyword predictions and *** eligible articles were selected for inclusion in this *** literature analysis found that methods used to predict the efficacy of HAIC include serological testing,gene testing,and imaging *** above indicators and their combined forms showed excellent predictive effects in retrospective *** review summarized the strategies currently used to predict the efficacy of HAIC in middle and advanced HCC,analyzed each marker's ability to predict HAIC efficacy,and provided a reference for the clinical application of the prediction system.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy Prediction Prognosis Imaging Biomarkers Genomics

Precision targeting in hepatocellular carcinoma:Exploring ligandreceptor mediated nanotherapy

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第2期16卷 164-176页

作者： Xia-Qing zhou ya-Ping Li Shuang-Suo Dang Department of Infectious Diseases Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710004Shaanxi ProvinceChina

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the most common primary liver cancer and poses a major challenge to global health due to its high morbidity and *** chemotherapy is usually targeted to patients with intermediate to advanced stages,but it is often ineffective and suffers from problems such as multidrug resistance,rapid drug clearance,nonspecific targeting,high side effects,and low drug accumulation in tumor *** response to these limitations,recent advances in nanoparticle-mediated targeted drug delivery technologies have emerged as breakthrough approaches for the treatment of *** review focuses on recent advances in nanoparticle-based targeted drug delivery systems,with special attention to various receptors overexpressed on HCC *** receptors are key to enhancing the specificity and efficacy of nanoparticle delivery and represent a new paradigm for actively targeting and combating *** comprehensively summarize the current understanding of these receptors,their role in nanoparticle targeting,and the impact of such targeted therapies on *** gaining a deeper understanding of the receptor-mediated mechanisms of these innovative therapies,more effective and precise treatment of HCC can be achieved.

关键词： Targeting Hepatocellular carcinoma Receptor Nanomedicine Chemotherapy

The RFI Fast Mitigation Algorithm Based on Block LMS Filter

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第1期24卷 265-272页

作者： Han Wu Hai-Long Zhang ya-zhou Zhang Jie Wang Xu Du Ting Zhang Xin-Chen Ye Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China National Astronomical Data Center Beijing 100101China

The radio telescope possesses high sensitivity and strong signal collection *** receiving celestial radiation signals,it also captures Radio Frequency Interferences(RFIs)introduced by human ***,as signals originating from sources other than the astronomical targets,significantly impacts the quality of astronomical *** paper presents an RFI fast mitigation algorithm based on block Least Mean Square(LMS)*** enhances the traditional adaptive LMS filter by grouping L adjacent time-sampled points into one block and applying the same filter coefficients for filtering within each *** transformation reduces multiplication calculations and enhances algorithm efficiency by leveraging the time-domain convolution *** algorithm is tested using baseband data from the Parkes 64 m radio telescope's pulsar observations and simulated *** results confirm the algorithm's effectiveness,as the pulsar profile after RFI mitigation closely matches the original pulsar profile.

关键词： methods:data analysis techniques:interferometric (stars:)pulsars:individual(J0437-4715)

Homologous heterostructure of MoS2 and MoO2 coupled with carbon layers as cathode catalyst for rechargeable lithium-oxygen batteries

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Rare Metals 2024年第7期43卷 3383-3390页

作者： Yi-Ming Zhang Zhao-Rui zhou Lan-Ling Zhao Ye-Bing Li Rui-Feng Li ya zhou Sana Shoukat Abulgasim-Ahmed-Abbaker Adam Jun Wang Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education) Shandong University Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University School of Physics Shandong University

Lithium-oxygen batteries tend to experience high overpotentials because of the sluggish oxygen reduction reaction and oxygen evolution reaction during cycling.A potential solution to address this issue is to develop a... 详细信息

关键词： Electrolytic reduction