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Analysis of Fatty Acid in Biological Samples Using Liquid Chromatography–Quadrupole-Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry Under Parallel Reaction Monitoring Mode

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2024年第2期8卷 210-217页

作者： Jingxuan yang Wenjun Guo Xiaohang Xu liang zhao yajuan Xu yang Wang School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Changchun University of Chinese MedicineChangchun130117China Key Laboratory of Medicinal Materials Jilin Academy of Chinese Medicine SciencesChangchun130021China Jilin Ginseng Academy Changchun University of Chinese MedicineChangchun130117China

Fatty acids(FAs)are an important class of functional small molecules and participate in a variety of life biological *** experiment proposed a liquid chromatography–quadrupole-Qrbitrap mass spectrometry(LC–Q-Orbitrap MS)method to perform FA profiling under parallel reaction monitoring(PRM)acquisition *** FA was derivatized by 2-dimethylaminoethylamine(DMED)to increase the ionization e fficiency and provide the characterized fragment *** mass spectra obtained from full scan,multiple ion monitoring(MIM),and PRM were *** results showed that the protonated ion of FA+DMED–H2O was detected and the neutral loss of 45.06 Da was observed in the tandem mass *** PRM method provided the highest selectivity and sensitivity for FA detection with the help of accurate mass weight and specific neutral loss-based *** method validation was performed using the FA standards and pooled quality control serum sample,which showed that the established method had good repeatability,stability,and ***,the developed method was successfully applied to analyze the rat serum and brain tissue samples for the drug e ffi-cacy evaluation of gross saponin of Tribulus terrestris ***(GSTTF)against middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)-induced ischemic *** method has extensive practicability and great potential in the detection of FA,especially for the analysis of samples with complex matrices.

关键词： Fatty acid Derivatization LC-Q-Orbitrap MS Parallel reaction monitoring Biological sample

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Targeted metabolomics reveals the aberrant energy status in diabetic peripheral neuropathy and the neuroprotective mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine JinMaiTong

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2024年第2期14卷 225-243页

作者： Bingjia zhao Qian Zhang Yiqian He Weifang Cao Wei Song Xiaochun liang Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Peking Union Medical College HospitalPeking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing100730China Institute of Basic Medicine Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing100005China Medical Research Center Peking Union Medical College HospitalPeking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing100730China

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common and devastating complication of diabetes, for which effective therapies are currently lacking. Disturbed energy status plays a crucial role in DPN pathogenesis. However, the integrated profile of energy metabolism, especially the central carbohydrate metabolism, remains unclear in DPN. Here, we developed a metabolomics approach by targeting 56 metabolites using high-performance ion chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPIC-MS/MS) to illustrate the integrative characteristics of central carbohydrate metabolism in patients with DPN and streptozotocin-induced DPN rats. Furthermore, JinMaiTong (JMT), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, was found to be effective for DPN, improving the peripheral neurological function and alleviating the neuropathology of DPN rats even after demyelination and axonal degeneration. JMT ameliorated DPN by regulating the aberrant energy balance and mitochondrial functions, including excessive glycolysis restoration, tricarboxylic acid cycle improvement, and increased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generation. Bioenergetic profile was aberrant in cultured rat Schwann cells under high-glucose conditions, which was remarkably corrected by JMT treatment. In-vivo and in-vitro studies revealed that these effects of JMT were mainly attributed to the activation of adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and downstream peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α). Our results expand the therapeutic framework for DPN and suggest the integrative modulation of energy metabolism using TCMs, such as JMT, as an effective strategy for its treatment.

关键词： Diabetic peripheral neuropathy JinMaiTong Energy metabolism Targeted metabolomics Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase

Distributed Deep Reinforcement Learning:A Survey and a Multi-player Multi-agent Learning Toolbox

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第3期21卷 411-430页

作者： Qiyue Yin Tongtong Yu Shengqi Shen Jun yang Meijing zhao Wancheng Ni Kaiqi Huang Bin liang liang Wang Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

With the breakthrough of AlphaGo,deep reinforcement learning has become a recognized technique for solving sequential decision-making *** its reputation,data inefficiency caused by its trial and error learning mechanism makes deep reinforcement learning difficult to apply in a wide range of *** methods have been developed for sample efficient deep reinforcement learning,such as environment modelling,experience transfer,and distributed modifications,among which distributed deep reinforcement learning has shown its potential in various applications,such as human-computer gaming and intelligent *** this paper,we conclude the state of this exciting field,by comparing the classical distributed deep reinforcement learning methods and studying important components to achieve efficient distributed learning,covering single player single agent distributed deep reinforcement learning to the most complex multiple players multiple agents distributed deep reinforcement ***,we review recently released toolboxes that help to realize distributed deep reinforcement learning without many modifications of their non-distributed *** analysing their strengths and weaknesses,a multi-player multi-agent distributed deep reinforcement learning toolbox is developed and released,which is further validated on Wargame,a complex environment,showing the usability of the proposed toolbox for multiple players and multiple agents distributed deep reinforcement learning under complex ***,we try to point out challenges and future trends,hoping that this brief review can provide a guide or a spark for researchers who are interested in distributed deep reinforcement learning.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning distributed machine learning self-play population-play toolbox

Application of CRISPR/Cas12i.3 for targeted mutagenesis in broomcorn millet(Panicum miliaceum L.)

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第8期66卷 1544-1547页

作者： Yuhe Bai Shengnan Liu yan Bai Zhisong Xu Hainan zhao Haiming zhao Jinsheng Lai ya Liu Weibin Song State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding Key Laboratory of Genome Editing Research and ApplicationMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsDepartment of Plant Genetics and BreedingNational Maize Improvement CenterCollege of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China National Agricultural Technology Extension&Service Center Beijing 100125China Beijing Key Laboratory of Maize DNA Fingerprinting and Molecular Breeding Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China

As the global human population continues to grow and is predicted to reach 10 billion by 2050,the demand for food volume and quality raises a tremendous challenge(OECD/FAO,2017).The worldwide arable land area is decre... 详细信息

关键词： arable continue raise

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Li-Rich Organosulfur Cathode with Boosted Kinetics for High-Energy Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第4期7卷 118-125页

作者： Ting Ma Jiaojiao Deng Yuxiao Lin Qinghua liang liang Hu Xiaohu Wang Jun Liu Xinsheng zhao Yinwei Li Ding Nan Xiaoliang Yu College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Inner Mongolia University Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Graphite and Graphene for Energy Storage and Coating School of Materials Science and Engineering Inner Mongolia University of Technology Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Power Battery Safety and Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS) School of Physics and Electronic Engineering Jiangsu Normal University Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Ganjiang Innovation Academy Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Mechanical Engineering Research Institute for Smart EnergyThe Hong Kong Polytechnic University

Organosulfur materials containing sulfur-sulfur bonds are an emerging class of high-capacity cathodes for lithium ***,it remains a great challenge to achieve rapid conversion reaction kinetics at practical testing conditions of high cathode mass loading and low electrolyte *** this study,a Li-rich pyrolyzed polyacrylonitrile/selenium disulfide（pPAN/Se2S3） composite cathode is synthesized by deep lithiation to address the above challenges.

关键词： Electrolytes

Electrochromism-induced adaptive fresh air pre-handling system for building energy saving

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Energy and Built Environment 2024年第2期5卷 300-308页

作者： Dikai Xu Mingfeng Sheng Xinpeng zhao Hua Qian Wenqing liang Xiaohong Zheng Dongliang zhao School of Energy and Environment Southeast UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210096China Lyles School of Civil Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Colorado BoulderBoulderCO 80309USA

Building fresh air supply needs to meet certain regulations and fit people’s ever-growing indoor air quality ***,fresh air handling requires huge energy consumption that goes against the goal of net-zero energy ***,in this work,an adaptive fresh air pre-handling system is designed to reduce the cool-ing and heating loads of HVAC *** sky-facing surface of the system uses electrochromic mechanism to manipulate the optical properties and thus make full use of solar energy(solar heating)and deep space cold source(radiative cooling)by switching between heating and cooling *** the cooling mode,the sky-facing surface shows a transmittance of down to zero,while the reflectance is high at 0.89 on *** the heating mode,the electrochromic glass is highly transparent,allowing the sunlight to reach the solar heat *** obtain the energy-saving potential under different climates,six cities were selected from various climate regions in *** show that the adaptive fresh air pre-handling system can be effective in up to 55.4%time of a *** maximum energy-saving ratios for medium office,warehouse,and single-family house can reach up to 11.52%,26.62%,and 18.29%,*** addition,the system shows multi-climate adaptability and broad application scenarios,making it a potential solution to building energy saving.

关键词： Adaptive fresh air pre-handling Electrochromism Radiative sky cooling Solar air heating Building energy saving

Hollow structured Fe@C nanorods for boosting dehydrogenation properties of α-AlH_(3)

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 8184-8191页

作者： Yuan zhao Qingshuang Wang Dongming Yin Xiaoli Wang Shouliang Li Chunli Wang Long liang Shaolei zhao Limin Wang Yong Cheng School of Materials Science and Engineering Changchun University of Science and TechnologyChangchun 130022China State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Monocrystalline Silicon Semiconductor Materials and Technology College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringDezhou UniversityDezhou 253023China Henan Nayu New Material Co. Ltd.Xinxiang 453000China

α-AlH_(3)is regarded as one of the most promising hydrogen storage materials due to its high hydrogen storage capacity(10.1 wt.%,148 kg·m^(-3)).However,in practical applications,the associated hydrogen release temperature remains relatively *** effectively address this issue,hollow structured Fe@C nanorods derived from Fe-MOF are introduced as highly efficient catalyst to optimize the dehydrogenation properties ofα-AlH_(3).Comparatively,the initial hydrogen release temperature ofα-AlH_(3)+3 wt.%Fe@C is reduced to 94.2℃,which is significantly lower than that of pureα-AlH_(3)(137.8℃).At 100 and 120℃,it exhibits hydrogen capacities of 5.38 wt.%and 7.47 wt.%,respectively,whereas pureα-AlH_(3)only delivers hydrogen capacities of 0.24 wt.%and 5.94 wt.%under the same *** density functional theory(DFT)calculations further indicate that the existence of Fe@C catalyst can make the length of Al-H bond increase,which is more conducive to the release of *** results show that the synergistic effect of Fe and porous carbon in Fe@C nanorods can improve the hydrogen desorption kinetics ofα-AlH_(3),providing a good prospect for the application ofα-AlH_(3)in hydrogen storage fields.

关键词： Fe@C α-AlH_(3) dehydrogenation catalyst

Overview of ferroptosis and pyroptosis in acute liver failure

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第34期30卷 3856-3861页

作者： ya-Wen Sun Bo-Wen zhao Hai-Fang Li Guang-Xiao Zhang College of Life Sciences Shandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an 271018Shandong ProvinceChina

In this editorial,we comment on the article by Zhou et al published in a recent *** specifically focus on the crucial roles of ferroptosis and pyroptosis in acute liver failure(ALF),a disease with high mortality *** is the result of increased intracellular reactive oxygen species due to iron accumulation,glutathione(GSH)depletion,and decreased GSH peroxidase 4 activity,while pyroptosis is a procedural cell death mediated by gasdermin D which initiates a sustained inflammatory *** this review,we describe the characteristics of ferroptosis and pyroptosis,and discuss the involvement of the two cell death modes in the onset and development of ***,we summarize several interfering methods from the perspective of ferroptosis and pyroptosis for the alleviation of *** observations might provide new targets and a theoretical basis for the treatment of ALF,which are also crucial for improving the prognosis of patients with ALF.

关键词： Acute liver failure Ferroptosis Pyroptosis Glutathione peroxidase 4 Gasdermin D

Synthesis,structure,and thermal expansion in CaZrF_(6) with two polymorphs

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 8618-8626页

作者： Peixian Zhang Yongqiang Qiao Kaiyue zhao Qingjie Wang Huan zhao Juan Guo Erjun liang Tao Sun Jiangwei Zhang Qilong Gao Key Laboratory of Materials Physics of Ministry of Education School of Physics and MicroelectronicsZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China College of Energy Materials and Chemistry Inner Mongolia UniversityHohhot 010021China First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 222 Zhongshan RoadDalian 116011China Ordos Laboratory Ordos 017000China

Due to the high structural flexibility and controllable thermal expansion,cubic double ReO_(3)-type negative thermal expansion(NTE)fluorides provide a solution for solving the prominent phenomenon of thermal expansion mismatch between ***,the expensive raw materials and complex synthesis steps limit its practical *** this work,we have designed a more advantageous method for the synthesis of NTE material CaZrF_(6),and it is expected to be generalized to the synthesis of other double ReO_(3)-***,a new orthorhombic phase CaZrF_(6) has been synthesized via this method in a lower *** the strong isotropic NTE of the cubic phase CaZrF_(6),the orthorhombic phase shows the strong anisotropic positive thermal expansion(PTE).The combined analysis of temperature-dependent X-ray diffraction(XRD),Raman spectra,and first-principles calculations shows that the low frequency phonon vibration mode with negative Grüneisen parameter in cubic CaZrF_(6) are strongly correlated with the transverse thermal vibration of F atoms and dominates the NTE of the material.

关键词： negative thermal expansion fluorides polymorph lattice dynamics first principles calculations