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Statistical measures of genetic differentiation of populations： Rationales, history and current states

Current Zoology 2015年第5期61卷 886-897页

作者： Liang MA ya-jie ji De-Xing ZHANG Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Institute of Applied Mathematics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Beijing Institute of Genomics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China National Center for Mathematics and Interdisciplinary Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

Population differentiation is a fundamental process of evolution, and many evolutionary studies, such as population genetics, phylogeography and conservation biology, all require the inference of population differentiation. Recently, there has been a lot of debate over the validity of FST （and its analogue Gsr） as a measure for population genetic differentiation, notably since the proposal of the new index D in 2008. Although several papers reviewed or explored specific features of these statistical measures, a succinct account of this bewildering issue with an overall update appears to be desirable. This is the purpose of the present review. The available statistics generally fall into two categories, represented by Fsv and D, respectively. None of them is perfect in measuring population genetic differentiation. Nevertheless, they each have advantages and are valuable for current re- search. In practice, both indices should be calculated and a comparison of them can generate useful insights into the evolutionary processes that influence population differentiation. FsT （GsT） has some unique irreplaceable characteristics assuring its standing as the default measure for the foreseeable near future. Also, it will continue to serve as the standard for any alternative measures to contrast with. Instead of being anxious about making choice between these indices, one should pay due attention to the equili-brium status and the level of diversity （especially Hs） of the populations, since they largely sway the power of a given statistic to address a specific question. We provide a multi-faceted comparative summary of the various statistics, which can serve as a basic reference for readers to guide their applications [Current Zoology 61 （5）： 886-897, 2015].

关键词： Population structure and subdivision Coefficient of inbreeding Fixation index Gene identity Gene flow Non-equilibrium conditions Heterozygosity FST and selection

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A simple and reliable method for discriminating between Helicoverpa armigera and Helicoverpa assulta （Lepidoptera： Noctuidae）

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Insect Science 2011年第6期18卷 629-634页

作者： jia Chen Yu-Chun Wu Xin Chen ya-jie ji De-Xing Zhang State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Center for Computational and Evolutionary Biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Guangdong Entomological Institute Guangzhou Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

The cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera and the oriental tobacco budworm H. assulta are sibling species, both being important agricultural pests. Morphologically, the two insects are almost indistinguishable at the egg, larval and pupal stages. One of the big challenges in the study of these insects, in particular in integrated pest management, is a timely and dependable identification of these insects at their early stages of development. Here, we report a H. armigera-specific nuclear DNA marker, and demonstrate that it can be employed to reliably discriminate between 1-1. armigera and 11. assulta by simple polymerase chain reaction amplification experiment.

关键词： Helicoverpa punctigera lepidopteran nuclear DNA marker pest management PCR species identification

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Phylogeography of the desert scorpion illuminates a route out of Central Asia

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Current Zoology 2023年第4期69卷 442-455页

作者： Cheng-Min SHI Xue-Shu ZHANG Lin LIU ya-jie ji De-Xing ZHANG State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation College of Plant ProtectionHebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071001China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 19 Yuquan RoadBeijing 100049China

A comprehensive understanding of phylogeography requires the integration of knowledge across different organisms,ecosystems,and geographic ***,a critical knowledge gap exists in the arid biota of the vast Asian *** narrow this gap,here we test an“out-of-Central Asia”hypothesis for the desert scorpion Mesobuthus mongolicus by combining Bayesian phylogeographic reconstruction and ecological niche *** analyses of one mitochondrial and three nuclear loci and molecular dating revealed that *** represents a coherent lineage that diverged from its most closely related lineage in Central Asia about 1.36 Ma and underwent radiation ever *** phylogeographic reconstruction indicated that the ancestral population dispersed from Central Asia gradually eastward to the Gobi region via the Junggar Basin,suggesting that the Junggar Basin has severed as a corridor for Quaternary faunal exchange between Central Asia and East *** major dispersal events occurred probably during interglacial periods(around 0.8 and 0.4 Ma,respectively)when climatic conditions were analogous to present-day status,under which the scorpion achieved its maximum distributional *** underwent demographic expansion during the Last Glacial Maximum,although the predicted distributional areas were smaller than those at present and during the Last *** of desert ecosystems in northwest China incurred by intensified aridification might have opened up empty habitats that sustained population *** results extend the spatiotemporal dimensions of trans-Eurasia faunal exchange and suggest that species’adaptation is an important determinant of their phylogeographic and demographic responses to climate changes.

关键词： aridification ecological niche modeling drylands Mesobuthus Pleistocene population expansion

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Novel polymorphic microsatellite markers developed in the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera （Lepidoptera：Noctuidae）

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Insect Science 2005年第5期12卷 331-334页

作者： ya-jie ji YU-CHUN WU DE-XING ZHANG State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

A novel set of five polymorphic di- or trinucleofide microsatellite loci suitable for population genetic study were developed from an enriched genomic library for the pest insect cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera, and cross-amplifiability of these and other published loci was tested in a closely related species, the tobacco budworm, ***. The expected heterozygosity at these loci ranges from 0.62 to 0.91 in the cotton bollworm. The observed allele numbers varies from 4 to 12 in the limited number of individuals tested. Although a large proportion of cloned microsatellite sequences are present in multi-copy in the cotton bollworm genome, the overwhelming majority of the finalized polymorphic diallelic loci are tri-nucleotide microsatellites - an unexpected outcome, which should facilitate subsequent genotyping analysis.

关键词： Helicoverpa armigera microsatellite moth PCR primer multi-copy loci population dynamics

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Typical ulcerative colitis treated by herbs-partitioned moxibustion:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第8期8卷 1515-1524页

作者： ya-Ying Lin ji-Meng Zhao ya-jie ji Zhe Ma Han-Dan Zheng yan Huang Yun-Hua Cui Yuan Lu Huan-Gan Wu Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 200030China Surgery of Traditional Chinese Medicine Yueyang Hospital of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 200437China

BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis(UC),also known as chronic nonspecific UC,is an inflammatory bowel disease characterized by diffuse colonic mucosal *** incidence and prevalence of UC have risen markedly,and the disease seriously affects the quality of life of patients,and poses a great burden on the world health care infrastructure and *** SUMMARY We present a 60-year-old man who had ulcerative colitis for more than 10 years,with recurrent abdominal pain,bloody diarrhea with mucopurulent *** treatments with sulfasalazine,mesalazine,and traditional Chinese medicine were not effective,and herbs-partitioned moxibustion(HPM)was then applied at“Zhongwan”(RN12),“Tianshu”(ST25),and“Qihai”(RN6)once a day for about 30 min,3 times per week,for 6 *** main clinical symptoms of abdominal pain,bloody diarrhea with mucopurulent stool gradually improved,and the mucosa had nearly healed,as observed under endoscopy by the 6th *** patient’s condition was alleviated without relapsing during the subsequent 3-mo follow-up *** showed a significant effect in the treatment of ulcerative colitis in this case,and the effect would help the patient to maintain remission for at least 3 *** A series of symptoms of this UC patient significantly improved with the treatment of HPM.

关键词： Herbs-partitioned moxibustion Ulcerative colitis Complementary and

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Application of PDCA in improving hand hygiene compliance and nosocomial infection quality in orthopedics

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Frontiers of Nursing 2024年第3期11卷 327-336页

作者： ya-Ping Su Rui-Ling Li Yuan-Yuan Wang Yu-Rui Zhang ya-jie ji Nursing Teaching and Research Department School of Nursing and HealthHenan UniversityKaifengHenan 475004China Department of Continuing Education The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan UniversityKaifengHenan 475000China

Objective:To explore the effect of the Plan-Do-Check-Action(PDCA)cycle on hand hygiene and nosocomial infection quality of or thopedic medical ***:The whole year of 2021 was selected to monitor the quality of hand hygiene and ***-up monitoring and real-time recording during the period of morning shift and medical operation concentration time,and compare the compliance of hand hygiene before and after implementation,and evaluate the quality of nosocomial ***:The hand hygiene compliance of doctors and nurses in stage P was 82%.The compliance of medical staff in stage D was 93%.The compliance of stage C was 94%and that of stage A was 95%.The quality score of hospital self-examination nosocomial infection was also significantly ***:The PDCA management cycle can effectively improve the compliance of hand hygiene and the nosocomial infection quality,which is wor thy of circulatory application in or thopedic nosocomial infection quality control,especially improving the quality of hand hygiene.

关键词： hand hygiene quality improvement PDCA nosocomial infection infection control nursing management

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苯系物溶液标准物质的研究

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计量学报 2003年第3期24卷 240-244页

作者：曹文祺何雅娟纪洁国家标准物质研究中心北京100013

论述了苯系物溶液标准物质的研究工作 ,系统地介绍了标准物质原材料的选择、特性量值的测量方法、标准物质的制备方法、均匀性检验、稳定性考察以及定值测量。对样品的均匀性、测量的分散性及其他因素引入的不确定度分量分析和确定后 ,... 详细信息

论述了苯系物溶液标准物质的研究工作 ,系统地介绍了标准物质原材料的选择、特性量值的测量方法、标准物质的制备方法、均匀性检验、稳定性考察以及定值测量。对样品的均匀性、测量的分散性及其他因素引入的不确定度分量分析和确定后 ,给出了整个测量过程不确定度的合成结果。对气相色谱法和液相色谱法所得到的实验结果进行了统计分析 ,其均匀性符合F检验和T检验 ,满足标准物质的技术规范。对苯系物溶液标准物质的稳定性进行了 2年的考察 ,证明该标准物质是稳定的 ,浓度值的不确定度为 2 8%。

关键词：计量学苯系化合物标准物质不确定度

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High‑Entropy Electrode Materials:Synthesis,Properties and Outlook

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 472-506页

作者： Dongxiao Li Chang Liu Shusheng Tao jieming Cai Biao Zhong jie Li Wentao Deng Hongshuai Hou Guoqiang Zou Xiaobo ji College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083People’s Republic of China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan Institute of EngineeringXiangtan 411104People’s Republic of China

High-entropy materials represent a new category of high-performance materials,first proposed in 2004 and extensively investigated by researchers over the past two *** definition of high-entropy materials has continuously *** the last ten years,the discovery of an increasing number of high-entropy materials has led to significant advancements in their utilization in energy storage,electrocatalysis,and related domains,accompanied by a rise in techniques for fabricating high-entropy electrode ***,the research emphasis has shifted from solely improving the performance of high-entropy materials toward exploring their reaction mechanisms and adopting cleaner preparation ***,the current definition of high-entropy materials remains relatively vague,and the preparation method of high-entropy materials is based on the preparation method of single metal/low-or medium-entropy *** should be noted that not all methods applicable to single metal/low-or medium-entropy materials can be directly applied to high-entropy *** this review,the definition and development of high-entropy materials are briefly ***,the classification of high-entropy electrode materials is presented,followed by a discussion of their applications in energy storage and catalysis from the perspective of synthesis ***,an evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of various synthesis methods in the production process of different high-entropy materials is provided,along with a proposal for potential future development directions for high-entropy materials.

关键词： High-entropy Energy storage Electrode materials

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Nanomaterials-mediated lysosomal regulation:a robust protein-clearance approach for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 424-439页

作者： Mengqi Hao jianjian Chu Tinglin Zhang Tong Yin Yuankai Gu Wendanqi Liang Wenbo ji jianhua Zhuang yan Liu jie Gao You Yin Department of Neurology Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University(Shanghai Changzheng Hospital)ShanghaiChina School of Health Science and Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghaiChina Changhai Clinical Research Unit Shanghai Changhai HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Clinical Pharmacy Xinhua HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Department of Neurology Shanghai East HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina

Alzheimer’s disease is a debilitating,progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive accumulation of abnormal proteins,including amyloid plaques and intracellular tau tangles,primarily within the ***,crucial intracellular organelles responsible for protein degradation,play a key role in maintaining cellular *** studies have suggested a link between the dysregulation of the lysosomal system and pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases,including Alzheimer’s *** the normal physiological function of lysosomes hold the potential to reduce the pathological burden and improve the symptoms of Alzheimer’s ***,the efficacy of drugs in treating Alzheimer’s disease is limited,with major challenges in drug delivery efficiency and ***,nanomaterials have gained widespread use in Alzheimer’s disease drug research owing to their favorable physical and chemical *** review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of recent advances in using nanomaterials(polymeric nanomaterials,nanoemulsions,and carbon-based nanomaterials)to enhance lysosomal function in treating Alzheimer’s *** review also explores new concepts and potential therapeutic strategies for Alzheimer’s disease through the integration of nanomaterials and modulation of lysosomal *** conclusion,this review emphasizes the potential of nanomaterials in modulating lysosomal function to improve the pathological features of Alzheimer’s *** application of nanotechnology to the development of Alzheimer’s disease drugs brings new ideas and approaches for future treatment of this disease.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease autophagy dysfunction lysosomal acidification lysosomal system nanomaterials neurodegenerative diseases

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认知空间映射及其神经机制

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心理科学进展 2025年第1期33卷 62-76页

作者：吴际李会杰南宁师范大学教育科学学院南宁530001 中国科学院行为科学重点实验室(中国科学院心理研究所) 北京100101 中国科学院大学心理学系北京100049

认知地图不仅可以映射物理空间,还可以支持认知空间映射,形成包括感知空间、情景记忆空间、概念空间和社会空间等在内的跨不同信息领域的地图式表征。认知空间映射的神经机制包括海马体对潜在结构的抽象和概括、支持分布式位置地图的生... 详细信息

认知地图不仅可以映射物理空间,还可以支持认知空间映射,形成包括感知空间、情景记忆空间、概念空间和社会空间等在内的跨不同信息领域的地图式表征。认知空间映射的神经机制包括海马体对潜在结构的抽象和概括、支持分布式位置地图的生成、将信息与背景结构捆绑,以及海马体与其它脑区的协同。未来研究应关注预测性的认知空间地图、海马体对不同精度和层级信息的表征、认知空间映射微观和介观层面的研究空缺以及物理空间和认知空间映射的共同机制和特异性机制等问题。

关键词：认知地图网格细胞位置细胞海马体

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