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Albumin fusion with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor acts as an immunotherapy against chronic tuberculosis

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第10期18卷 2393-2401页

作者： Yu-Min Chuang Liangmei He Michael L.Pinn ya-chea tsai Max A.Cheng Emily Farmer Petros C.Karakousis Chien-Fu Hung Department of Pathology Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA Department of Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA Section of Infectious Diseases Department of Internal MedicineYale University School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA

A long duration of treatment and emerging drug resistance pose significant challenges for global tuberculosis(TB)eradication ***,there is an urgent need to develop novel strategies to shorten TB treatment regimens and to treat drug-resistant *** an albumin-fusion strategy,we created a novel albumin-fused granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor(albGM-CSF)molecule that harnesses albumin’s long half-life and targeting abilities to enhance the biostability of GM-CSF and direct it to the lymph nodes,where the effects of GM-CSF can increase dendritic cell populations crucial for eliciting a potent immune *** this study,we demonstrate that albGM-CSF serves as a novel immunotherapy for chronic Mycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb)infections by enhancing GM-CSF biostability in ***,albumin is very safe,stable,and has a long half-life,thereby enhancing the biostability of *** the lungs and draining lymph nodes,albGM-CSF is able to increase the numbers of dendritic cells,which are crucial for the activation of naive T cells and for eliciting potent immune *** administration of albGM-CSF alone reduced the mean lung bacillary burden in mice with chronic tuberculosis *** GM-CSF administration was associated with IL-1βrelease from Mtb-infected dendritic cells and macrophages,higher IL-1βlevels were observed in albGM-CSF-treated mice with chronic tuberculosis infection than in mice receiving *** fusion with GM-CSF represents a promising strategy for the control of chronic lung tuberculosis infections and serves as a novel therapeutic vaccination platform for other infectious diseases and malignancies.

关键词： Tuberculosis albumin GM-CSF therapeutic vaccine fusion protein

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Inelastic Scattering of Dark Matter with Heavy Cosmic Rays

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第6期24卷 68-80页

作者： Keyu Lu Yue-Lin Sming tsai Qiang Yuan Le Zhang School of Physics and Astronomy Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210023China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CSST Science Center for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area SYSUZhuhai 519082China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen 518000China

We investigate the impact of inelastic collisions between dark matter(DM)and heavy cosmic ray(CR)nuclei on CR *** approximate the fragmentation cross-sections for DM-CR collisions using collider-measured proton-nuclei scattering cross-sections,allowing us to assess how these collisions affect the spectra of CR boron and *** derive new CR spectra from DM-CR collisions by incorporating their cross-sections into the source terms and solving the diffusion equation for the complete network of reactions involved in generating secondary *** a specific example with a coupling strength of b_(χ)=0.1 and a DM mass of m_(χ)=0.1 GeV,considering a simplified scenario where DM interacts exclusively with oxygen,a notable modification in the boron-to-carbon spectrum due to the DM-CR interaction is ***,the peak within the spectrum,spanning from 0.1 to 10 GeV,experiences an enhancement of approximately 1.5 ***,in a more realistic scenario where DM particles interact with all CRs,this peak can be amplified to twice its original *** the latest data from AMS-02 and DAMPE on the boron-to-carbon ratio,we estimate a 95%upper limit for the effective inelastic cross-section of DM-proton as a function of DM *** findings reveal that at m_(χ)?2 MeV,the effective inelastic cross-section between DM and protons must be less than O(10^(-32))cm^(2).

关键词： elementary particles nuclear reactions nucleosynthesis abundances scattering astroparticle physics (cosmology:)dark matter

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Adult sigmoid intussusception resembling rectal prolapse:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第6期12卷 1163-1168页

作者： Tsung-Jung tsai Yu Shih Liu Department of Surgery Changhua Christian HospitalChanghua 500209Taiwan Department of Colorectal Surgery Changhua Christian HospitalChanghua 500209Taiwan

BACKGROUND Rectal prolapse arises from benign *** symptoms of internal intussusception mirror those of rectal prolapse,a misdiagnosis is possible,especially under limited clinical *** is crucial to recognize and differentiate rectal prolapse from internal intussusception because the two diagnoses have different ***,we describe a case of adult sigmoid intussusception presenting as rectal *** SUMMARY A 64-year-old woman with no known medical history visited a gastrointestinal outpatient department due to hard bloody stool defecation for 1 wk followed by constipation for 3 *** revealed a huge polypoid ulcerated tumor at the sigmoid colon with lumen *** patient was admitted due to postprocedural dull abdominal *** to failed colonoscopy reduction and stent insertion,the patient underwent sigmoid colon resection with primary end-to-end anastomosis,with the transverse colostomy pathological report showing adenocarcinoma,*** recovered well from the operation and was discharged with regular outpatient clinic *** Presentation and manifestation of sigmoid intussusception may resemble that of rectal prolapse,necessitating careful observation due to distinct prognostic implications.

关键词： Sigmoid intussusception Rectal prolapse Endoscopic reduction Adenocarcinoma Case report

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Nearest Neighbor Sampling of Point Sets Using Rays

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第2期6卷 1131-1174页

作者： Liangchen Liu Louis Ly Colin B.Macdonald Richard tsai Department of Mathematics The University of Texas at Austin2515 SpeedwayAustinTX 78712USA Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences The University of Texas at Austin201 E24th StAustinTX 78712USA Department of Mathematics University of British Columbia1984 Mathematics RdVancouverBCV6T1Z2Canada

We propose a new framework for the sampling,compression,and analysis of distributions of point sets and other geometric objects embedded in Euclidean *** approach involves constructing a tensor called the RaySense sketch,which captures nearest neighbors from the underlying geometry of points along a set of *** explore various operations that can be performed on the RaySense sketch,leading to different properties and potential *** information about the data set can be extracted from the sketch,independent of the ray *** integrals on point sets can be efficiently computed using the *** also present several examples illustrating applications of the proposed strategy in practical scenarios.

关键词： Point clouds Sampling Classification Registration Deep learning Voronoi cell analysis

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Mechanically driven assembly of biomimetic 2D-material microtextures with bioinspired multifunctionality

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 663-678页

作者： yang Li Lin Jing Joshua M.Little Haochen yang tsai-Chun Chung Po-Yen Chen Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20740USA Maryland Robotics Center University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore 639798Singapore

Nature provides a wealth of bio-inspiration for advanced material *** various nanomaterials into biomimetic microtextures with bioinspired functionalities has spurred increasing research interests and facilitated technological advances in various *** recent years,two-dimensional materials(2DMs)have emerged as important building block units in the biomimicry field due to their distinct chemical,physical,electrical,electrochemical,and catalytic *** this review article,various mechanically driven assembly approaches are summarized to fabricate various genealogies of biomimetic 2DM microtextures with bio-inspired ***,sequential deformation strategies are discussed to programmably construct higher dimensional 2DM microtextures,ranging from wrinkles/crumples(one-time deformation)to multiscale hierarchies(multiple deformations).Next,the current progress using higher dimensional 2DM microtextures to imitate different biological structures and/or induce bio-inspired multifunctionality is systematically *** showcases of bio-inspiration and biomimicry using different 2DM nanosheets are highlighted:(1)wrinkle patterns of an earthworm that spur the design of strain sensors with programmable working ranges and sensitivities,(2)wrinkle appearance of a Shar-Pei dog that motivates the fabrication of stretchable energy storage devices,(3)hierarchical scale textures of a desert lizard that inspire cation-induced gelation platforms for 2DM aerogels,and(4)wrinkle skin of an elephant that influences the development of 2DM protective skin for soft ***,challenges and future opportunities of adopting 2DM nanosheets to assemble biomimetic microstructures with synergistic functionalities are discussed.

关键词： two-dimensional(2D)materials mechanically driven assembly biomimetic microtextures functional nanocomposite bio-inspired multifunctionality

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Time Parameter Based Low-Energy Data Encryption Method for Mobile Applications

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第9期140卷 2779-2794页

作者： Li-Woei Chen Kun-Lin tsai Fang-Yie Leu Wen-Cheng Jiang Shih-Ting Tseng Department of Computer and Information Sciences Chinese Military AcademyKaohsiung830Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering Tunghai UniversityTaichung407Taiwan Department of Computer Science Tunghai UniversityTaichung407Taiwan

Various mobile devices and applications are now used in daily *** devices require high-speed data processing,low energy consumption,low communication latency,and secure data transmission,especially in 5G and 6G mobile ***-security cryptography guarantees that essential data can be transmitted securely;however,it increases energy consumption and reduces data processing ***,this study proposes a low-energy data encryption(LEDE)algorithm based on the Advanced Encryption Standard(AES)for improving data transmission security and reducing the energy consumption of encryption in Internet-of-Things(IoT)*** the proposed LEDE algorithm,the system time parameter is employed to create a dynamic S-Box to replace the static S-Box of *** indicated that six-round LEDE encryption achieves the same security level as 10-round conventional AES *** reduction in encryption time results in the LEDE algorithm having a 67.4%lower energy consumption and 43.9%shorter encryption time than conventional AES;thus,the proposed LEDE algorithm can improve the performance and the energy consumption of IoT edge devices.

关键词： Mobile application security AES data encryption time parameter mobile device

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Miniature tunable Airy beam optical meta-device

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2024年第2期7卷 5-12页

作者： Jing Cheng Zhang Mu Ku Chen Yubin Fan Qinmiao Chen Shufan Chen Jin yao Xiaoyuan Liu Shumin Xiao Din Ping tsai Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong SAR 999077China State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves City University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong SAR 999077China Centre for Biosystems Neuroscienceand NanotechnologyCity University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong SAR 999077China Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic SystemsHarbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Tunable Airy beams with controllable propagation trajectories have sparked interest in various fields,such as optical manipulation and laser *** research approaches encounter challenges related to insufficient compactness and integration feasibility,or they require enhanced tunability to enable real-time dynamic manipulation of the propagation *** this work,we present a novel method that utilizes a dual metasurface system to surpass these limitations,significantly enhancing the practical potential of the Airy *** approach involves encoding a cubic phase profile and two off-axis Fresnel lens phase profiles across the two *** validity of the proposed strategy has been confirmed through simulation and experimental *** proposed meta-device addresses the existing limitations and lays the foundation for broadening the applicability of Airy beams across diverse domains,encompassing light-sheet microscopy,laser fabrication,optical tweezers,etc.

关键词： metasurface miniature device tunable Airy beam tunable meta-device

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The traumatic narratives of sexuality in Chinese writer Shao-Lin Chu’s trilogy

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Language and Semiotic Studies 2024年第1期10卷 106-131页

作者： Hsiu-Chih tsai Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures National Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan

This paper explores the narratives of the Chinese woman novelist Shao-Lin Chu’s trilogy to see how the problem of female sexuality and resistance to parental wedlock tragedy becomes a traumatic *** traumatic symptoms in the narratives are taken as Peircean signs for tracing the negative influences of traumatic experiences on the formation of personal identity and the associated depressive *** scenes portrayed in Chu’s traumatic narratives of female and male sexuality are implications and representations of how sexuality is conceptualized and confined by the traumatic events while backgrounded with regulations and restrictions of a traditional *** stories of Chu’s female narrators reveal the persistent and resisting feminine *** paper adopts the concept of feminist narrative to analyze the traumatic and sexual events in Chu’s *** decoding and re-encoding of resistance and sexuality in the traumatic narratives prove that the narratological textual analysis and semiotic reading strategy together offer a solid approach to the discovery of the persistent traumatic impacts of the secret veiled in the narratives and reveal the probable strength of compassion that has its roots derived from deplorable trauma but later transforms itself to stimulate a positive reconstruction of the traumatic survivors’identity.

关键词： traumatic narrative sexuality resistance textual analysis Peirce’s semiosis Shao-Lin Chu

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Erlotinib combination with a mitochondria-targeted ubiquinone effectively suppresses pancreatic cancer cell survival

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第7期30卷 714-726页

作者： Pui-Yin Leung Wenjing Chen Anissa N Sari Poojitha Sitaram Pui-Kei Wu Susan tsai Jong-In Park Department of Biochemistry Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI 53226United States Department of Surgery Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI 53226United States

BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related *** activity of the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)is often observed in pancreatic cancer,and the small molecule EGFR inhibitor erlotinib has been approved for pancreatic cancer therapy by the food and drug ***,erlotinib alone is ineffective and should be combined with other drugs to improve therapeutic *** previously showed that certain receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors can increase mitochondrial membrane potential(Δψm),facilitate tumor cell uptake ofΔψm-sensitive agents,disrupt mitochondrial homeostasis,and subsequently trigger tumor cell *** has not been tested for this *** To determine whether erlotinib can elevateΔψm and increase tumor cell uptake ofΔψm-sensitive agents,subsequently triggering tumor cell ***Δψm-sensitive fluorescent dye was used to determine how erlotinib affectsΔψm in pancreatic adenocarcinoma(PDAC)cell *** viability of conventional and patient-derived primary PDAC cell lines in 2D-and 3D cultures was measured after treating cells sequentially with erlotinib and mitochondria-targeted ubiquinone(MitoQ),aΔψm-sensitive *** synergy between erlotinib and MitoQ was then analyzed using SynergyFinder *** preclinical efficacy of the twodrug combination was determined using immune-compromised nude mice bearing PDAC cell line *** Erlotinib elevatedΔψm in PDAC cells,facilitating tumor cell uptake and mitochondrial enrichment ofΔψm-sensitive *** triggered caspase-dependent apoptosis in PDAC cells in culture if used at high doses,while erlotinib pretreatment potentiated low doses of *** suggested that these drugs synergistically induced tumor cell *** with in vitro data,erlotinib and MitoQ combination suppressed human PDAC cell line xenografts in mice more effectively than single treatments of each *** Our findings suggest tha

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Erlotinib Mitochondria-targeted ubiquinone Mitochondria Combination therapy

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Long-term Integration Ability of the Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite(SWAS)Spectral Line Receivers

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第6期24卷 315-322页

作者： Bing-Ru Wang Di Li Paul F.Goldsmith Jingwen Wu Chao-Wei tsai Rudolf Schieder Gary J.Melnick National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Research Center for Astronomical Computing Zhejiang LaboratoryHangzhou 311100China Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCA 91109USA Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 102206China KOSMA I.Physik.InstitutUniversität zu KölnZülpicher Str.7750937 KölnGermany Center for Astrophysics|Harvard&Smithsonian 60 Garden StreetMS 66CambridgeMA 02138USA

The Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite(SWAS)was the first space telescope capable of high spectral resolution observations of terahertz spectral *** have investigated the integration ability of its two receivers and spectrometer during five and a half years of on-orbit *** CI,O_(2),H_(2)O,and^(13)CO spectra taken toward all observed Galactic sources were *** present results are based on spectra with a total integration time of up to 2.72×10~4hr(■10~8s).The noise in the spectra is generally consistent with that expected from the radiometer equation,without any sign of approaching a noise *** noise performance reflects the extremely stable performance of the passively cooled front end as well as other relevant components in the SWAS instrument throughout its mission lifetime.

关键词： telescopes space vehicles:instruments instrumentation:miscellaneous ISM:lines and bands

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