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Research progress on advanced rail materials for electromagnetic railgun technology

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2021年第2期17卷 429-439页

作者： Hong-bin Xie Hui-ya yang Jian Yu Ming-yu Gao Jian-dong Shou You-tong Fang Jia-bin Liu Hong-tao Wang School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China Center for X-mechanics Faculty of EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China

Electromagnetic railgun attracts more and more attention due to its advantage in speed,cost,and *** is found that the rail should withstand huge mechanical and thermal shocks during the launching *** forms of rail failure are accompanied by gouge,grooving,transition,and arc ablation,*** service life of the rail has become a bottleneck restricting the development of electromagnetic railgun technology.A series of researches are carried out to solve rail failure,including analysing the failure mechanism and using various advanced rail *** paper provides a comprehensive review of rail materials,including material composition,preparation,microstructure,and *** begin from a short background of the requirement of the rail *** a detailed investigation of rail materials is described,and the performances of those materials are ***,further development prospect of rail material is discussed.

关键词： Strength Conductivity Electromagnetic railgun Copper alloys Rai

Epigenetic regulation of the inflammatory response in stroke

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3045-3062页

作者： Jingyi Liang Fei yang Zixiao Li Qian Li School of Basic Medical Sciences Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Neurobiology School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Laboratory for Clinical Medicine Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and RepairCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Neurology Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina National Center for Healthcare Quality Management in Neurological Diseases Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Chinese Institute for Brain Research BeijingChina Research Unit of Artificial Intelligence in Cerebrovascular Disease Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina Beijing Engineering Research Center of Digital Healthcare for Neurological Diseases BeijingChina Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Stroke is classified as ischemic or hemorrhagic,and there are few effective treatments for either *** mechanisms play a critical role in secondary brain injury following a stroke,which manifests as cytokine release,blood–brain barrier disruption,neuronal cell death,and ultimately behavioral *** the inflammatory response has been shown to mitigate this cascade of events in experimental stroke ***,in clinical trials of anti-inflammatory agents,longterm immunosuppression has not demonstrated significant clinical benefits for *** may be attributable to the dichotomous roles of inflammation in both tissue injury and repair,as well as the complex pathophysiologic inflammatory processes in *** acute harmful inflammatory responses or inducing a phenotypic shift from a pro-inflammatory to an anti-inflammatory state at specific time points after a stroke are alternative and promising therapeutic *** agents that can modulate inflammation requires a detailed understanding of the inflammatory processes of ***,epigenetic reprogramming plays a crucial role in modulating post-stroke inflammation and can potentially be exploited for stroke *** this review,we summarize current findings on the epigenetic regulation of the inflammatory response in stroke,focusing on key signaling pathways including nuclear factor-kappa B,Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription,and mitogen-activated protein kinase as well as inflammasome *** also discuss promising molecular targets for stroke *** evidence to date indicates that therapeutic targeting of the epigenetic regulation of inflammation can shift the balance from inflammation-induced tissue injury to repair following stroke,leading to improved post-stroke outcomes.

关键词： DNA methylation histone modification intracerebral hemorrhage ischemic stroke neuroinflammation neuroprotection non-coding RNA RNA methylation subarachnoid hemorrhage treatment

Targeting TrkB–PSD-95 coupling to mitigate neurological disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 715-724页

作者： Xin yang Yu-Wen Alvin Huang John Marshall Department of Molecular Biology Cell Biology and BiochemistryBrown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA Department of Neurology Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA Center for Translational Neuroscience Robert J.and Nancy D.Carney Institute for Brain Science and Brown Institute for Translational ScienceBrown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA

Tropomyosin receptor kinase B(TrkB)signaling plays a pivotal role in dendritic growth and dendritic spine formation to promote learning and *** activity-dependent release of brain-derived neurotrophic factor at synapses binds to pre-or postsynaptic TrkB resulting in the strengthening of synapses,reflected by long-term ***,the association of postsynaptic density protein-95 with TrkB enhances phospholipase Cγ-Ca^(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinaseⅡand phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling required for long-term *** this review,we discuss TrkB-postsynaptic density protein-95 coupling as a promising strategy to magnify brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling towards the development of novel therapeutics for specific neurological disorders.A reduction of TrkB signaling has been observed in neurodegenerative disorders,such as Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's disease,and enhancement of postsynaptic density protein-95 association with TrkB signaling could mitigate the observed deficiency of neuronal connectivity in schizophrenia and *** with brain-derived neurotrophic factor is problematic,due to poor pharmacokinetics,low brain penetration,and side effects resulting from activation of the p75 neurotrophin receptor or the truncated TrkB.T1 *** TrkB agonists and antibodies that activate TrkB are being intensively investigated,they cannot distinguish the multiple human TrkB splicing isoforms or cell type-specific *** TrkB–postsynaptic density protein-95 coupling provides an alternative approach to specifically boost TrkB signaling at localized synaptic sites versus global stimulation that risks many adverse side effects.

关键词： Angelman syndrome autism brain-derived neurotrophic factor depression neurodegenerative disorder neurodevelopmental disorder postsynaptic density protein-95 synaptic plasticity TrkB

人工智能在脊髓神经损伤与修复领域研究热点的可视化分析

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中国组织工程研究 2025年第4期29卷 761-770页

作者：杨彬陶广义杨顺许俊杰黄俊卿河南省中医院/河南中医药大学第二附属医院疼痛科河南省郑州市450000 河南中医药大学骨伤学院河南省郑州市450000

背景:近年来人工智能逐渐兴起,在多方面应用于脊髓神经损伤与修复领域,对临床治疗也有诸多积极影响。目的:研究人工智能在脊髓神经损伤与修复领域的诊断、治疗和康复中的应用进展,明确该领域的研究热点和不足,为今后研究工作提供建议。... 详细信息

背景:近年来人工智能逐渐兴起,在多方面应用于脊髓神经损伤与修复领域,对临床治疗也有诸多积极影响。目的:研究人工智能在脊髓神经损伤与修复领域的诊断、治疗和康复中的应用进展,明确该领域的研究热点和不足,为今后研究工作提供建议。方法:在Web of Science核心集数据库检索建库至2023年收录的人工智能在脊髓神经损伤与修复领域相关文献,使用CiteSpace 6.1.R6和VOSviewer 1.6.19软件对文献数据进行一般文献学分析、文献共被引、期刊共被引、期刊双图叠加及关键词聚类等可视化分析。结果与结论:①共筛选出1713篇文章,此领域年发文量呈波动上升趋势,其中美国占据主导地位,Kadone Hideki是发文量最多的作者,《ARCH PHYS MED REHAB》是被引用次数最多的期刊。②关键词共现和聚类分析显示,去除与检索词相近的关键词后,主要关键词被分为3个主要集群:外骨骼与运动康复(为最大核心热点)、机器学习和神经可塑性、机器人和康复训练。③关键词爆发分析显示,深度学习和人工智能在过去5年中已成为突发术语。④文献共被引和高被引文献分析结果显示,人工智能在脊髓神经损伤与修复领域热点集中于动力外骨骼(powered exoskeleton)、步态(gait)、神经电刺激(electrical nerve stimulation)、皮质内脑机接口(intracortical brain-computer interface,IBCI)、机器人(robot)、高分子生物材料(polymer biomaterials)及神经干细胞(neural stem cell)等内容。⑤人工智能在脊髓神经损伤与修复领域的研究近年来呈现上升趋势,该领域的关注点从外骨骼、电刺激等单一的治疗手段,逐渐向智能化、精准化和个性化等方向转变。⑥该领域存在一些局限性,例如数据缺失或不平衡的后果、数据准确性和可重复性低以及伦理问题(如隐私、研究透明度和临床可靠性等),未来的研究应该解决数据收集的问题,需要大样本、高质量的临床数据集来建立有效的人工智能模型;同时该领域的基因组学等机制研究十分薄弱,未来可利用类脑芯片等多种机器学习技术,运用基因编辑治疗及单细胞空间转录组等方法,进行再生相关基因上调和轴突生长结构蛋白产生等基础机制研究。

关键词：人工智能神经再生脊髓损伤机器外骨骼脑机接口神经电刺激脑皮质重组深度学习机器学习神经网络

Preparation and electrochemical properties of carbon-coated LiFePO_4 hollow nanofibers

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2016年第4期23卷 474-480页

作者： bin-bin Wei yan-bo Wu Fang-yuan Yu ya-nan Zhou College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Dalian Jiaotong University

Carbon-coated LiFePO_4 hollow nanofibers as cathode materials for Li-ion batteries were obtained by coaxial electrospinning. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller specific surface area analysis, galvanostatic charge–discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy（EIS） were employed to investigate the crystalline structure, morphology, and electrochemical performance of the as-prepared hollow nanofibers. The results indicate that the carbon-coated LiFePO_4 hollow nanofibers have good long-term cycling performance and good rate capability： at a current density of 0.2C（1.0C = 170 mA ·g^-1） in the voltage range of 2.5–4.2 V, the cathode materials achieve an initial discharge specific capacity of 153.16 mA h·g^-1 with a first charge–discharge coulombic efficiency of more than 97%, as well as a high capacity retention of 99% after 10 cycles; moreover, the materials can retain a specific capacity of 135.68 mA h·g^-1, even at 2C.

关键词： electrospinning lithium-ion batteries carbon coatings phosphates nanofibers electrochemical properties

Effect of mold electromagnetic stirring on solidification structure and solute segregation in continuous casting bloom

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2022年第1期29卷 124-131页

作者： Dong-bin Jiang Li-feng Zhang ya-dong Wang School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China State Key Lab of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004HebeiChina

The effect of mold electromagnetic stirring(M-EMS)on the solidification structure and solute segregation in the continuous casting bloom of U78CrV steel is *** solute distribution in the macroscale is analyzed using a carbon–sulfur analyzer and that in the microscale is measured with an electron probe *** Image-J software is applied to analyze the number density and area ratio of segregation *** results show that the segregation spots are mainly located in the columnar to equiaxed transition zone and the equiaxed zone,which are enriched with C,Cr,and Mn *** the M-EMS applied,the columnar grain inclines to the upstream *** the current intensity increases,the deflecting angle of columnar grain rises,especially with the current intensity larger than 300 ***,the center segregation shows a declining trend and the area fraction of the equiaxed zone rises ***,it is found that the area ratio and number density of segregation spots increase with the higher current intensity of M-EMS.

关键词： Solidification structure Macrosegregation Mesosegregation Segregation spot Mold electromagnetic stirring

Based on the Second Virial Coefficient(A2)to Study Effect of the Synergistic Action of Solvent and External Electric Field on the Solution Behavior and Film's Condensed State Structure

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2022年第5期40卷 478-490页

作者： ya-Nan Guo Hao Zhang bin Liu Dan Lu State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun 130012China

The solventnatures are crucial to deeply reveal solution behavior of macromolecular chains,physical essence of condensed state structures formation of the film as well as the photoelectronic devices *** on the second virial coefficient(A2),effect of the synergistic action of solvents and external electric field on both solution behavior and the film’s condensed state structure for the semi-rigid conjugated polymer,poly[2-methoxy-5-(2’-ethylhexoxy)-1,4-phenylvinylene](MEH-PPV)was investigated by dynamic/static light scattering,photoluminescence spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy,*** was found that although the MEH-PPV solutions with different solvents(toluene,chlorobenzene,chloroform and tetrahydrofuran)all could generate a response to the external electric field,the degree of response varied significantly with the change of solvent ***,ordered degree of the film from the solutions was also obviously *** essential reason for this responsive difference was firstly revealed in the research,which actually depended on the degree of interaction between the solute and solvent,and this degree of interaction could be quantitatively described by the second virial coefficient(A2).The bigger the A2,the stronger the interaction between solvent and solute in the solution,and the stronger the response to the external electric ***,under the induction of external electric field,chains aggregations with different sizes were formed accompanied by large-scale chains ordered structure in the *** ordered structure not only can effectively transfer to film prepared by the precursor solution but also is beneficial to enhance the carrier mobility and device efficiency of the photoelectronic film.

关键词： Semi-rigid conjugated polymer External electric field Second virial coefficient Solution behavior Condensed state structure

Three new phenanthrenes from Monomeria barbata Lindl.

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2010年第3期21卷 325-328页

作者： yang, Ming Hui Cai, Le Li, Mei Hong Zeng, Xiang Hui yang, ya bin Ding, Zhong Tao Yunnan Univ Sch Chem Sci & Technol Minist Educ Key Lab Med Chem Nat Resource Kunming 650091 Peoples R China Dali Coll Dept Biochem Dali 671000 Peoples R China

Three new monophenanthrene compounds were isolated from an acetone extract of the tubers of Monomeria barbata Lindl. (Orchidaceae).Using spectroscopic methods,the structures of compounds 1-3 were determined as 1,4,7-trihydroxy-2-methoxy- 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene(1),1-(p-hydroxybenzoyl)-2-methoxy-4,7-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene(2),1,3,8-tri(p-hydroxybenzyl) -4-methoxy-phenanthrene-4,7-diol(3).These compounds showed cytotoxicities on four tumor cell lines(HepG2, HL-60,Skov-3,A431).

关键词： Monomeria barbata Orchidaceae Monophenanthrene Cytotoxicity

In situ TiN-reinforced CoCr2FeNiTi(0.5) high-entropy alloy composite coating fabricated by laser cladding

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Rare Metals 2020年第10期39卷 1190-1195页

作者： ya-Xiong Guo Qi-bin Liu Xiao-Juan Shang College of Materials and Metallurgy Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China Guizhou Province Key Laboratory of Materials Structure and Strength Guiyang 550025China

The fcc structural CoCr2 FeNiTi(0.5) high-entropy alloy(HEA) composite coating with TiN particles reinforced was acquired by laser cladding on the commercial904 L stainless *** results show that phase structure is mainly composed of fcc solid solution and TiN *** coating exhibits excellent structural stability below850℃.The microstructure consists of irregular dendrite and TiN *** electron microscopy(TEM) results reveal that the close-packed plane of fcc phase is(111) with interplanar spacing of ~ 0.208 *** interface between TiN and fcc matrix is *** the angle of boundary between dendrite and matrix is ~ 65°.The hardness and corrosion resistance of coating have much improvement compared with those of substrate.

关键词： TiN particle reinforced High-entropy alloy Semi-coherent interface Laser cladding