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The In-Flight Realtime Trigger and Localization Software of GECAM

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第10期24卷 11-24页

作者： Xiao-Yun Zhao Shao-Lin Xiong Xiang-Yang Wen Xin-Qiao Li Ce Cai Shuo Xiao Qi Luo Wen-Xi Peng Dong-Ya Guo Zheng-Hua An Ke Gong Jin-Yuan Liao Yan-Qiu Zhang yue Huang Lu Li xing Wen Fei Zhang Jing Duan Chen-Wei {2. Dong-Li Shi Peng Zhang Qi-Bin Yi Chao-Yang Li Yan-Bing Xu Xiao-Hua Liang Ya-Qing Liu Da-Li Zhang Xi-Lei Sun Fan Zhang Gang Chen Huan-Yu {2. Sheng Yang Xiao-Jing Liu Min Gao Mao-shun Li Jin-Zhou {2. xing Zhou Yi Zhao {2.-Chen Xue Chao Zheng Jia-Cong Liu xing-Bo Han Jin-Ling Qi Jia Huang Ke-Ke Zhang Can Chen Xiong-Tao Yang Dong-Jie Hou Yu-Sa {2. Rui Qiao Xiang Ma Xiao-Bo Li Ping {2. Xin-Ying Song Li-Ming Song Shi-Jie Zheng Bing Li Hong-Mei Zhang yue Zhu Wei Chen Jian-Jian He Zhen Zhang Jin Hou Hong-Jun {2. Yan-Chao Hao Xiang-Yu {2. Zong-Yuan Yang zhi-Long Wen zhi Chang Yuan-Yuan Du Rui Gao Xiao-Fei Lan Yan-Guo Li Gang Li Xu-Fang Li Fang-Jun Lu Hong Lu Bin Meng Feng Shi Hui {2. Hui-Zhen {2. Yu-Peng Xu Jia-Wei Yang Xue-Juan Yang Shuang-Nan Zhang Chao-yue Zhang Cheng-Mo Zhang zhi-Cheng Tang Cheng Cheng Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China university of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of information Science and Technology Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 611756China Key Laboratory of Stellar and Interstellar physics and department of physics Xiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105China physics and Space Science college China West Normal UniversityNanchong 637002China department of Astronomy Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Innovation Academy for Microsatellites of CAS Shanghai 201203China Changchun university of Science and Technology Changchun 130022China Chinese Academy of Sciences South America Center for Astronomy National Astronomical ObservatoriesCASBeijing 100101China

Realtime trigger and localization of bursts are the key functions of GECAM,an all-sky gamma-ray monitor launched on 2.2. December *** developed a multifunctional trigger and localization software operating in the CPU of the GECAM Electronic *** onboard software has the following features:high trigger efficiency for real celestial bursts with a suppression of false triggers caused by charged particle bursts and background fluctuation,dedicated localization algorithm optimized for both short and long bursts,and low time latency of the trigger information which is downlinked through the Global Short Message Communication service of the global BeiDou navigation *** paper provides a detailed description of the design and development of the trigger and localization software system for *** covers the general design,workflow,the main functions,and the algorithms used in the *** paper also includes on-ground trigger tests using simulated gamma-ray bursts generated by a dedicated X-ray tube,as well as an overview of the performance for real celestial bursts during its in-orbit operation.

关键词： telescopes instrumentation:detectors methods:observational

A Localization Method of High Energy Transients for All-sky Gamma-ray Monitor

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第10期24卷 25-35页

作者： Yi Zhao wangchen Xue Shaolin Xiong Qi Luo Yuanhao wang Jiacong Liu Heng Yu Xiaoyun Zhao {2. Huang Jinyuan Liao Jianchao Sun Xiaobo Li Qibin Yi Ce Cai Shuo Xiao Shenglun Xie Chao Zheng Yanqiu Zhang Chenwei wang Wenjun Tan zhiwei Guo Chaoyang Li Zhenghua An Gang Chen Yanqi Du Min Gao Ke Gong Dongya Guo Jiang He Jianjian He Bing Li Gang Li Xinqiao Li Jing Liang Xiaohua Liang Yaqing Liu Xiang Ma Rui Qiao Liming Song Xinying Song Xilei Sun Jin wang Ping wang Xiangyang Wen Hong Wu Yanbing Xu Sheng Yang Dali Zhang Fan Zhang Hongmei Zhang Peng Zhang Shu Zhang Zhen Zhang Shijie Zheng Keke Zhang xingbo Han Haiyan Wu Hu Tai Hao Geng Gaopeng Lu Wei Xu Fanchao Lyu Hongbo Zhang Fangjun Lu Shuangnan Zhang department of Astronomy Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China university of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of physics and Optoelectronics Xiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105China college of physics Hebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang 050024China Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Data Processing Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550001China School of physics and Electronic Science Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550001China Institute of Astrophysics Central China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China college of physics Sciences Technology Hebei UniversityBaoding 071002China physics and Space Science college China West Normal UniversityNanchong 637002China School of Computing and Artificial Intelligence Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 611756China college of Electronic and information {2. Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China Innovation Academy for Microsatellites of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201304China National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Electronic information School Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Key Laboratory of Transportation Meteorology of China Meteorological Administration Nanjing Joint Institute for Atmospheric SciencesNanjing 210000China Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

Fast and reliable localization of high-energy transients is crucial for characterizing the burst properties and guiding the follow-up *** based on the relative counts of different detectors has been widely used for all-sky gamma-ray *** are two major methods for this count distribution localization:χ^(2.minimization method and the Bayesian *** we propose a modified Bayesian method that could take advantage of both the accuracy of the Bayesian method and the simplicity of the χ^(2.*** comprehensive simulations,we find that our Bayesian method with Poisson likelihood is generally more applicable for various bursts than the χ^(2.method,especially for weak *** further proposed a location-spectrum iteration approach based on the Bayesian inference,which could alleviate the problems caused by the spectral difference between the burst and location *** method is very suitable for scenarios with limited computation resources or timesensitive applications,such as in-flight localization software,and low-latency localization for rapidly follow-up observations.

关键词： methods:data analysis methods:analytical (stars:)gamma-ray burst:general

Distortion Theorem for Bloch Mappings on the Unit Ball ■~n

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2009年第10期25卷 1583-1590页

作者： Jian Fei wang Tai shun LIU college of Mathematics and physics Information Engineering Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004 P. R. China department of Mathematics Huzhou Teachers College Huzhou 313000 P. R. China

In this paper, we obtain a version of subordination lemma for hyperbolic disk relative to hyperbolic geometry on the unit disk D. This subordination lemma yields the distortion theorem for Bloch mappings f ∈ H（B^n） satisfying ｜｜f｜｜0 = 1 and det f＇（0） = α ∈ （0, 1], where｜｜f｜｜0 = sup{（1 - ｜z｜^2.）n＋1/2. det（f＇（z））[1/n ： z ∈ B^n}. Here we establish the distortion theorem from a unified perspective and generalize some known results. This distortion theorem enables us to obtain a lower bound for the radius of the largest univalent ball in the image of f centered at f（0）. When a = 1, the lower bound reduces to that of Bloch constant found by Liu. When n = 1, our distortion theorem coincides with that of Bonk, Minda and Yanagihara.

关键词： mapping distortion theorem Bloch mapping univalent ball hyperbolic distance holomorphic

Room temperature ferromagnetism in ultra-thin van der Waals crystals of 1T-CrTe2

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Nano Research 2020年第12期13卷 3358-3363页

作者： xingdan Sun Wanying Li Xiao wang Qi Sui Tongyao Zhang {2. wang Long Liu Da Li shun Feng Siyu Zhong Hanwen wang Vincent Bouchiat Manuel Nunez Regueiro Nicolas Rougemaille Johann Coraux Anike Purbawati Abdellali Hadj-Azzem Zhenhua wang Baojuan Dong xing Wu Teng Yang Guoqiang Yu Bingwu wang Zheng Han Xiufeng Han {2.dong Zhang Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China School of Material Science and engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan523808China Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetoelectric Materials and DevicesCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing100871China Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan030006China State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices Institute of Opto-ElectronicsShanxi UniversityTaiyuan030006China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional information Processing department of Electrical {2. East China Normal University500 Dongchuan RoadShanghai200241China Institut Néel University Grenoble AlpesCNRSGrenoble INPF-38000GrenobleFrance School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai200031China

Although many emerging new phenomena have been unraveled in two dimensional(2.)materials with long-range spin orderings,the usually low critical temperature in van der Waals(vdW)magnetic material has thus far hindered the related practical ***,we show that ferromagnetism can hold above 300 K in a metallic phase of 1T-CrTe2.down to the ultra-thin *** thus makes CrTe2.so far the only known exfoliated ultra-thin vdW magnets with intrinsic long-range magnetic ordering above room *** in-plane room-temperature negative anisotropic magnetoresistance(AMR)was obtained in ultra-thin CrTe2.devices,with a sign change in the AMR at lower temperature,with−0.6%and+5%at 300 and 10 K,*** findings provide insights into magnetism in ultra-thin CrTe2.expanding the vdW crystals toolbox for future room-temperature spintronic applications.

关键词： room temperature ferromagnetism two dimensional(2.) CrTe2 anisotropic magnetoresistance(AMR)

CEPC Technical Design Report

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Radiation Detection Technology and Methods 2024年第1期8卷 I0003-I0016,1-1091页

作者： Waleed Abdallah Tiago Carlos Adorno de Freitas Konstantin Afanaciev Shakeel Ahmad Ijaz Ahmed Xiaocong Ai Abid Aleem Wolfgang Altmannshofer Fabio Alves Weiming An Rui An Daniele Paolo Anderle Stefan Antusch Yasuo Arai Andrej Arbuzov Abdesslam Arhrib Mustafa Ashry Sha Bai Yu Bai Yang Bai Vipul Bairathi Csaba Balazs Philip Bambade Yong Ban Tripamo Bandyopadhyay Shou-Shan Bao Desmond P.Barber Ayse Bat Varvara Batozskaya Subash Chandra Behera Alexander Belyaev Michele Bertucci Xiao-Jun Bi Yuanjie Bi Tianjian Bian Fabrizio Bianchi Thomas Biekotter Michela Biglietti Shalva Bilanishvili Deng Binglin Denis Bodrov Anton Bogomyagkov Serge Bondarenko Stewart Boogert Maarten Boonekamp Marcello Borri Angelo Bosotti Vincent Boudry Mohammed Boukidi Igor Boyko Ivanka Bozovic Giuseppe Bozzi Jean-Claude Brient Anastasiia Budzinskaya Masroor Bukhari Vladimir Bytev Giacomo Cacciapaglia Hua Cai Wenyong Cai Wujun Cai Yijian Cai Yizhou Cai Yuchen Cai Haiying Cai Huacheng Cai Lorenzo Calibbi Junsong Cang Guofu Cao Jianshe Cao Antoine Chance Xuejun Chang yue Chang Zhe Chang Xinyuan Chang Wei Chao Auttakit Chatrabhuti Yimin Che Yuzhi Che Bin Chen Danping Chen Fuqing Chen Fusan Chen Gang Chen Guoming Chen Hua-{2. Chen Huirun Chen Jinhui Chen Ji-Yuan Chen Kai Chen Mali Chen Mingjun Chen Mingshui Chen Ning Chen Shanhong Chen Shanzhen Chen Shao-Long Chen Shaomin Chen Shiqiang Chen Tianlu Chen Wei Chen Xiang Chen Xiaoyu Chen Xin Chen Xun Chen Xurong Chen Ye Chen Ying Chen Yukai Chen Zelin Chen Zilin Chen Gang Chen Boping Chen Chunhui Chen Hok Chuen Cheng Huajie Cheng Shan Cheng Tongguang Cheng Yunlong Chi Pietro Chimenti Wen Han Chiu Guk Cho Ming-Chung Chu Xiaotong Chu Ziliang Chu Guglielmo Coloretti Andreas Crivellin Hanhua Cui Xiaohao Cui Zhaoyuan Cui Brunella D'Anzi Ling-Yun Dai Xinchen Dai Xuwen Dai Antonio De Maria Nicola De Filippis Christophe De La Taille Francesca De Mori Chiara De Sio Elisa Del Core Shuangxue Deng Wei-Tian Deng zhi Deng Ziyan Deng Bhupal Dev Tang Dewen Biagio Di Micco Ran Ding Siqin Dingl Yadong Ding Haiyi Dong Jianin AGH university of Science and Technology Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer ScienceKrakow Anhui university HefeiAnhui Applied physics department Federal Urdu University of ArtsScience and TechnologyIslamabad Banaras Hindu university Institute of ScienceVaranasi Bandirma Onyedi Eylul university Bandirma Beihang university Beijing Beijing Computational Science Research Center Beijing Beijing Conveyi LTD Beijing Beijing Glass Research Institute Co. LtdBeijing Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing Beijing normal university Beijing Brown university ProvidenceRI Budker Institute of Nuclear physics Novosibirsk Cadi Ayyad university Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied PhysicsPolydisciplinary FacultyMarrakech Cairo university Giza Center for Theory and Computation National Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu Central China normal university WuhanHubei Central South university ChangshaHunan Centro de Fisica Teorica de Particulas Universidade Tecnica de LisboaLisboa Chengdu KaitengSifang Digital Radio&TV Equipment Co. LtdChengduSichuan China academy of engineering physics MianyangSichuan China building materials academy Beijing China Center of Advanced Science and Technology Beijing China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing China Jiliang university HangzhouZhejiang China Nuclear Instrument CO. LTDBeijing China university of Geosciences Beijing China university of Geosciences WuhanHubei China university of Mining and Technology XuzhouJiangsu China West normal university NanchongSichuan chongqing university Department of PhysicsChongqing Chulalongkorn university Bangkok City university of Hong Kong Department of PhysicsHong Kong Cockcroft Institute Daresbury Cornell university IthacaNY CPPM(AMU/IPhU&CNRS/INP) Marseille dalian Minzu university DalianLiaoning dalian university of Technology Department of PhysicsDalian Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Hamburg Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems of Joint Institute for Nuclear Research(DLNP JINR) Dubna East China university Of Science And Technol

The Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)is a large scientific project initiated and hosted by China,fostered through extensive collaboration with international *** complex comprises four accelerators:a 30 GeV Linac,a 1.1 GeV Damping Ring,a Booster capable of achieving energies up to 180 GeV,and a Collider operating at varying energy modes(Z,W,H,and tt).The Linac and Damping Ring are situated on the surface,while the subterranean Booster and Collider are housed in a 100 km circumference underground tunnel,strategically accommodating future expansion with provisions for a potential Super Proton Proton Collider(SPPC).The CEPC primarily serves as a Higgs *** its baseline design with synchrotron radiation(SR)power of 30 MW per beam,it can achieve a luminosity of 5×10^(34)cm^(-2.s^(-1)per interaction point(IP),resulting in an integrated luminosity of 13 ab^(-1)for two IPs over a decade,producing 2.6 million Higgs *** the SR power to 50 MW per beam expands the CEPC's capability to generate 4.3 million Higgs bosons,facilitating precise measurements of Higgs coupling at sub-percent levels,exceeding the precision expected from the HL-LHC by an order of *** Technical Design Report(TDR)follows the Preliminary Conceptual Design Report(Pre-CDR,2.15)and the Conceptual Design Report(CDR,2.18),comprehensively detailing the machine's layout,performance metrics,physical design and analysis,technical systems design,R&D and prototyping efforts,and associated civil {2. ***,it includes a cost estimate and a preliminary construction timeline,establishing a framework for forthcoming {2. design phase and site selection *** is anticipated to begin around 2.2.-2.2.,pending government approval,with an estimated duration of 8 *** commencement of experiments and data collection could potentially be initiated in the mid-2.30s.

关键词： initiated exceeding precise

Diverse terahertz wavefront manipulations empowered by the spatially interleaved metasurfaces

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Science China(information Sciences) 2023年第3期66卷 230-238页

作者： Jitao LI Zhen yue Jie LI Chenglong ZHENG Silei wang Mengyao LI Yating ZHANG Yan ZHANG Jianquan YAO School of Precision Instruments and Opto-Electronics engineering Tianjin University college of Optoelectronic engineering Chengdu University of Information Technology department of physics Capital Normal University

Optical metasurfaces have advanced approaches for manipulating light information in the spatial domain, in which the spatially interleaved metasurfaces demonstrate the ability to manipulate a more complex wavefront of light than metasurfaces without the spatial interleaving. The potential of the spatially interleaved metasurfaces has not been fully exploited. In this paper, we design the spatially interleaved terahertz(THz) metasurfaces based on the ingenious spatial interleaving principles to develop the diverse THz wavefront manipulations. Four functions are performed, including the orbital angular momentum(OAM)superposition of single-frequency vortex beams, the separate vortex focusing of single-frequency dual beams,the different OAM manipulations of bifrequency beams in different planes, and achromatic focusing. The demonstrated functions prove that the spatially interleaved metasurface can manipulate THz wavefront at both single frequency and bifrequency, which traditional metasurfaces cannot. This work paves the way for diverse THz wavefront manipulations.

关键词： terahertz wavefront manipulations metasurfaces spatial interleaving onformation optics

Primary yields of protons measured using CR-39 in laser-induceddeuteron–deuteron fusion reactions

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2020年第6期31卷 90-98页

作者： yue Zhang Long-Xiang Liu Hong-Wei wang Yu-Gang Ma Bai-Fei Shen Guo-Qiang Zhang Mei-Rong Huang Aldo Bonasera Wen-Peng wang Jian-Cai Xu shun Li Gong-Tao Fan Xi-Guang Cao Yong Yu Jian-Jun He Chang-Bo Fu Suyalatu Zhang Xin-Rong Hu Xin-Xiang Li Zi-Rui Hao Jun-Wen wang Han Xue Hai-Juan Fu Shanghai Institute of Applied physics CASShanghai 201800China university of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Shanghai Advanced Research Institute CASShanghai 201210China Key Laboratory of Nuclear physics and Ion-Beam Application(MOE) Institute of Modern PhysicsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsCASShanghai 201800China department of physics Shanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-Intense Laser Science Shanghai 201800China college of physics and Electronics {2. Inner Mongolia University for NationalitiesTongliao 028000China Cyclotron Institute Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Laboratori Nazionali del Sud INFNVia Santa Sofia6295123 CataniaItaly Key Laboratory of Beam Technology of Ministry of Education College of Nuclear Science and TechnologyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China ShanghaiTech university Shanghai 201210China Shanghai university Shanghai 200444China

Investigating deuteron–deuteron(DD)fusion reactions in a plasma environment similar to the early stages of the Big Bang is an important topic in nuclear *** this study,we experimentally investigated such reactions,using eight laser beams with the third harmonic impacting on a deuterated polyethylene target at the ShenGuang-II Upgrade laser *** work focused on the application of range-filter(RF)spectrometers,assembled from a 70 lm aluminum filter and two CR-39 nuclear track detectors,to measure the yields of primary *** on the track diameter calibration results of 3 MeV protons used to diagnose the tracks on the RF spectrometers,an approximate primary DD-proton yield of(8.5±1.7)×10^6 was obtained,consistent with the yields from similar laser facilities *** indicates that the RF spectrometer is an effective way to measure primary ***,due to the low yields of D^3He-protons and its small track diameter,CR-39 detectors were unable to distinguish it from the background *** other accurate detectors may help to measure these rare events.

关键词： Deuteron-deuteron fusion CR-39 Rangefilter spectrometer DD-proton

Multicolor InAs/InP(100) Quantum Dot Laser

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Chinese physics Letters 2011年第11期28卷 141-143页

作者： LI Shi-Guo GONG Qian CAO Chun-Fang wang Xin-Zhong wang Rui-Chun {2. Li LIU Qing-Bo wang Hai-Long department of Electronic Communication and Technology Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology1068 West Nigang roadShenzhen 518029 State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050 college of physics and {2. Qufu Normal UniversityQufu 273165

We report on a three-colour InAs/InP(100)quantum dot laser under continuous wave mode at an operation temperature of 2.℃.Three lasing peaks are observed simultaneously,the high-energy peak undergoes continuous blueshift,while the splitting energy gap between the low-energy peaks is somewhat fixed as the injection current *** maximum output power from one facet without coating is more than 34mW with a slope efficiency of 102.W/A just above the threshold *** peaks of differential efficiency of output power are observed,just corresponding to each peak in lasing spectra,*** the same time,the far-field distribution shows only a single transverse mode over the full range of injection current.

关键词： As/InP lasing injection

Evidence for particle acceleration approaching PeV energies in the W51 complex

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Science Bulletin 2024年第18期69卷 2833-2841页

作者： LHAASO Collaboration Zhen Cao F.Aharonian Axikegu Y.X.Bai Y.W.Bao D.Bastieri X.J.Bi Y.J.Bi W.Bian A.V.Bukevich Q.Cao W.Y.Cao Zhe Cao J.Chang J.F.Chang A.M.Chen E.S.Chen H.X.Chen Liang Chen Lin Chen Long Chen M.J.Chen M.L.Chen Q.H.Chen S.Chen S.H.Chen S.Z.Chen T.L.Chen Y.Chen N.Cheng Y.D.Cheng M.Y.Cui S.W.Cui X.H.Cui Y.D.Cui B.Z.Dai H.L.Dai Z.G.Dai Danzengluobu X.Q.Dong K.K.Duan J.H.Fan Y.Z.Fan J.Fang J.H.Fang K.Fang C.F.Feng H.Feng L.Feng S.H.Feng X.T.Feng Y.Feng Y.L.Feng S.Gabici B.Gao C.D.Gao Q.Gao W.Gao W.K.Gao M.M.Ge L.S.Geng G.Giacinti G.H.Gong Q.B.Gou M.H.Gu F.L.Guo X.L.Guo Y.Q.Guo Y.Y.Guo Y.A.Han M.Hasan H.H.He H.N.He J.Y.He Y.He Y.K.Hor B.W.Hou C.Hou X.Hou H.B.Hu Q.Hu S.C.Hu D.H.Huang T.Q.Huang W.J.Huang X.T.Huang X.Y.Huang Y.Huang X.L.Ji H.Y.Jia K.Jia K.Jiang X.W.Jiang Z.J.Jiang M.Jin M.M.Kang I.Karpikov D.Kuleshov K.Kurinov B.B.Li C.M.Li Cheng Li Cong Li D.Li F.Li H.B.Li H.C.Li Jian Li Jie Li K.Li S.D.Li W.L.Li W.L.Li X.R.Li Xin Li Y.Z.Li Zhe Li Zhuo Li E.W.Liang Y.F.Liang S.J.Lin B.Liu C.Liu D.Liu D.B.Liu H.Liu H.D.Liu J.Liu J.L.Liu M.Y.Liu R.Y.Liu S.M.Liu W.Liu Y.Liu Y.N.Liu Q.Luo Y.Luo H.K.Lv B.Q.Ma L.L.Ma X.H.Ma J.R.Mao Z.Min W.Mitthumsiri H.J.Mu Y.C.Nan A.Neronov L.J.Ou P.Pattarakijwanich Z.Y.Pei J.C.Qi M.Y.Qi B.Q.Qiao J.J.Qin A.Raza D.Ruffolo A.Sáiz M.Saeed D.Semikoz L.Shao O.Shchegolev X.D.Sheng F.W.Shu H.C.Song Yu.V.Stenkin V.Stepanov Y.Su D.X.Sun Q.N.Sun X.N.Sun Z.B.Sun J.Takata P.H.T.Tam Q.W.Tang R.Tang Z.B.Tang W.W.Tian C.wang C.B.wang G.W.wang H.G.wang H.H.wang J.C.wang Kai wang Kai wang L.P.wang L.Y.wang P.H.wang R.wang W.wang X.G.wang X.Y.wang Y.wang Y.D.wang Y.J.wang Z.H.wang Z.X.wang Zhen wang Zheng wang D.M.Wei J.J.Wei Y.J.Wei T.Wen C.Y.Wu H.R.Wu Q.W.Wu S.Wu X.F.Wu Y.S.Wu S.Q.Xi J.Xia G.M.Xiang D.X.Xiao G.Xiao Y.L.Xin Y.xing D.R.Xiong Z.Xiong D.L.Xu R.F.Xu R.X.Xu W.L.Xu L.Xue D.H.Yan J.Z.Yan T.Yan C.W.Yang C.Y.Yang F.Yang F.F.Yang L.L.Yang M.J.Yang R.Z.Yang W.X.Yang Y.H.Yao Z.G.Yao L.Q.Yin N.Yin X.H.You Z.Y.You Y.H.Yu Q.Yuan H.yue H.D.Zeng T.X.Zeng W.Zeng M.Zha B.B.Zhang F.Zhang H.Zhang 不详 Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics&Experimental physics Division&Computing Center Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China university of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center ChengduChina Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies 31 Fitzwilliam Place2 DublinIreland Max-Planck-Institut for Nuclear physics P.O.Box 103980Heidelberg 69029Germany School of Physical Science and Technology&School of information Science and Technology Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Center for Astrophysics Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Tsung-Dao Lee Institute&School of physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Institute for Nuclear Research of Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow 117312Russia Hebei normal university Shijiazhuang 050024China university of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics China Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy&Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210023China Research Center for Astronomical Computing Zhejiang LaboratoryHangzhou 311121China Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology Shanghai Astronomical ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200030China School of physics and Astronomy Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays(Tibet university) Ministry of EducationLhasa 850000China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of physics and Astronomy(Zhuhai)&School of physics(Guangzhou)&Sino-French Institute of Nuclear {2. and Technology(Zhuhai) Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519000&Guangzhou 510275GuangdongChina Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China APC UniversitéParis Cité

Theγ-ray emission from the W51 complex is widely acknowledged to be attributed to the interaction between the cosmic rays(CRs)accelerated by the shock of supernova remnant(SNR)W51C and the dense molecular clouds in the adjacent star-forming region,***,the maximum acceleration capability of W51C for CRs remains *** on observations conducted with the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory(LHAASO),we report a significant detection ofγrays emanating from the W51 complex,with energies from 2.to 2.0 *** LHAASO measurements,for the first time,extend theγ-ray emission from the W51 complex beyond 100 TeV and reveal a significant spectrum bending at tens of *** combining the"π^(0)-decay bump"featured data from Fermi-LAT,the broadbandγ-ray spectrum of the W51 region can be well-characterized by a simple pp-collision *** observed spectral bending feature suggests an exponential cutoff at~400 TeV or a power-law break at~2.0 TeV in the CR proton spectrum,most likely providing the first evidence of SNRs serving as CR accelerators approaching the PeV ***,two young star clusters within W51B could also be theoretically viable to produce the most energeticγrays observed by *** findings strongly support the presence of extreme CR accelerators within the W51 complex and provide new insights into the origin of Galactic CRs.

关键词： UHE c-ray Cosmic rays SNR W51C Star clusters