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Induction and Characterization of Laboratory Mutants of Phytophthora capsici Resistant to Dimethomorph and Flumorph

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2005年第10期4卷 752-759页

作者： yuan shan-kui LIU Xi-li GU Bao-gen DONG Jin JIANG Hui SI Nai-guo Department of Plant Pathology College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 P.R.China Center of Agrochemicals for Biological and Environmental Technology Institute for the Control ofAgrochemicals Ministry of Agriculture Beijing 100026 P.R.China Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory National University of Singapore Singapore 117604 Singapore Shenyang Research Institute of Chemical Industry Shenyang 110021 P.R.China

Laboratory studies were conducted to evaluate the risk of Phytophthora capsici developing resistance to two morphlines, dimethomorph and flumorph. Metalaxyl, the well-known high risk of resistance fungicides, was used as reference fungicide. Resistant mutants for the three fungicides were isolated by treating mycelium with ultraviolet radiation. Metalaxyl-resistant mutants were obtained with high frequency and exhibited high level of resistance with factors more than 100 folds, while mutation frequency for dimethomorph-resistance was relatively low and the resistance factors ranged from 3.0 to 13.9 folds. Most dimethomorph-resistant mutants decreased in hyphal growth rate and the spoulation ability, which have a large impact upon the epidemic development of dimethomorph-resistant populations. These results suggested that the risk of resistant pathogen population was much lower for dimethomorph than for metalaxyl. Both the frequency of developing resistance and level of resistance （resistance factors = 1.8-14.6） to dimethomorph were similar to those of its structure analogue flumorh. Moreover, the cross-resistance were found between them, which suggested the risks of developing resistance to dimethomorph and flumorph in the pathogen were very closely related. As P. capsici can potentially develop resistance to dimethomorph and flumorph, and oomycetes usually have the high risk to develop resistance to fungicides, appropriate management against resistance development should be taken.

关键词： Phytophthora capsici Resistance Dimethomorph Flumorph Metalaxyl

Reducibility of Three Dimensional Skew Symmetric System with High Dimensional Weak Liouvillean Frequencies

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第10期40卷 2388-2410页

作者： Jie LIU yuan shan Jing WANG School of Mathematics and Statistics Nanjing University of Science and Technology School of Statistics and Data Science Nanjing Audit University

In this paper, we consider the reducibility of three-dimensional skew symmetric *** obtain a reducibility result if the base frequency is high-dimensional weak Liouvillean and the parameter is sufficiently small. The ... 详细信息

关键词： 34C20 37J40 high-dimensional weak Liouvillean KAM theory three dimensional skew-symmetric system

Multidomain Hybrid Direct DG and Central Difference Methods for Viscous Terms in Hyperbolic-Parabolic Equations

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Numerical Mathematics(Theory,Methods and Applications) 2024年第1期17卷 1-36页

作者： Weixiong yuan Tiegang Liu Bin Zhang kui Cao Kun Wang LMIB and School of Mathematical Sciences Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

A class of multidomain hybrid methods of direct discontinuous Galerkin(DDG)methods and central difference(CD)schemes for the viscous terms is pro-posed in this *** conservative and nonconservative coupling modes are *** treat the shock wave,the nonconservative coupling mode automatically switch to conservative coupling mode to preserve the conservative property when discontinuities pass through the artiﬁcial *** maintain the accuracy of the hybrid methods,the Lagrange interpolation polynomials and their derivatives are reconstructed to handle the coupling cells in the DDG subdomain,while the values of ghost points for the CD subdomain are calculated by the approximate polynomials from the DDG *** linear stabilities of these methods are demonstrated in detail through von-Neumann *** multidomain hybrid DDG and CD meth-ods are then extended to one-and two-dimensional hyperbolic-parabolic *** results validate that the multidomain hybrid methods are high-order ac-curate in the smooth regions,robust for viscous shock simulations and capable to save computational cost.

关键词： Direct discontinuous Galerkin central difference schemes multidomain hybrid methods viscous terms hyperbolic-parabolic equations

Influence of pore structure on thermal stress distribution inside coal particles during primary fragmentation

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Particuology 2024年第2期85卷 49-61页

作者： Kai Qiao shan Zhong Siyang Tang Ke Yang Hairong Yue kui Ma Lei Song Bin Liang School of Chemical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China Institute of New Energy and Low-carbon Technology Chengdu610207China

Thermal stress is an important reason of coal particle primary fragmentation,during which the role of pore structure is *** stress induced fragmentation experiments were conducted with low volatile coal/char particles,and the results show that the fragmentation severity enhances with increasing *** porous thermal stress models were developed with finite element method,and the influences of the pore shape,size,position and porosity on the thermal stress were *** maximum thermal stress inside particle increases with pore curvature,the pore position affects the thermal stress more significantly at the particle center and *** expectation of the maximum tensile thermal stress linearly increases with porosity,making the particles with higher porosity easier to fragment,contrary to the conclusion deduced from the devolatilization *** obtained results are valuable for the analysis of different thermal processes concerning the thermal stresses of the solid feedstocks.

关键词： Coal particle Primary fragmentation Thermal stress Pore structure Porosity

A General Authentication and Key Agreement Framework for Industrial Control System

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第4期33卷 1046-1062页

作者： shan GAO Junjie CHEN Bingsheng ZHANG kui REN Xiaohua YE Yongsheng SHEN School of Cyber Science and Technology Zhejiang University Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Zhejiang University Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Blockchain and Cyberspace Governance Hangzhou City Brain Co. Ltd

In modern industrial control systems(ICSs), when user retrieving the data stored in field device like smart sensor, there exists two main problems: one is lack of the verification for identification of user and field device;the other is that user and field device need exchange a key to encrypt sensitive data transmitted over the *** propose a comprehensive authentication and key agreement framework that enables all connected devices in an ICS to mutually authenticate each other and establish a peer-to-peer session key. The framework combines two types of protocols for authentication and session key agreement: The first one is an asymmetric cryptographic key agreement protocol based on transport layer security handshake protocol used for Internet access, while the second one is a newly designed lightweight symmetric cryptographic key agreement protocol specifically for field devices. This proposed lightweight protocol imposes very light computational load and merely employs simple operations like one-way hash function and exclusive-or(XOR) operation. In comparison to other lightweight protocols, our protocol requires the field device to perform fewer computational operations during the authentication phase. The simulation results obtained using Open SSL demonstrates that each authentication and key agreement process in the lightweight protocol requires only 0.005 ms. Our lightweight key agreement protocol satisfies several essential security features, including session key secrecy, identity anonymity, untraceability, integrity, forward secrecy, and mutual authentication. It is capable of resisting impersonation, man-in-the-middle, and replay attacks. We have employed the Gong-NeedhamYahalom(GNY) logic and automated validation of Internet security protocols and application tool to verify the security of our symmetric cryptographic key agreement protocol.

关键词： Performance evaluation Protocols Costs Industrial control Internet security Authentication Time measurement

Cage-confinement synthesis of MoC nanoclusers as efficient sulfiphilic and lithiophilic regulator for superior Li–S batteries

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Rare Metals 2024年第2期43卷 624-634页

作者： Xing-yuan Zhang Mei-Na Lei shan Tian Jian-Gan Wang State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Center for Nano Energy MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene(NPU)Xi’an710072China

High-energy-density Li-S batteries are subjected to serious sulfur deactivation and short cycle lifetime caused by undesirable polysulfide shuttle effect and frantic lithium dendrite *** this work,a controllable cage-confinement strategy to fabricate molybdenum carbide(MoC)nanoclusters as a high-efficient sulfiphilic and lithiophilic regulator to mitigate the formidable issues of Li-S batteries is *** sub-2 nm MoC nanoclusters not only guarantee robust chemisorption and fast electrocatalytic conversion of polysulfides to enhance the sulfur electrochemistry,but also homogenize Li^(+) flux to suppress the lithium dendrite *** a consequence,the MoC-modified separator endows the batteries with boosted reaction kinetics,promoted sulfur utilization,and improved cycling stability.A reversible capacity of 701 mAh·g^(−1) at a high rate of 5.0C and a small decay rate of 0.076%per cycle at 1.0C over 600 cycles are *** study offers a rational route for design and synthesis of bifunctional nanoclusers with both sulfiphilicity and lithiophilicity for high-performance Li-S batteries.

关键词： Li-S batteries Nanocluster Electrocatalyst Polysulfide shuttle Li dendrites

How mesenchymal stem cells transform into adipocytes:Overview of the current understanding of adipogenic differentiation

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第3期16卷 245-256页

作者： shan-shan Liu Xiang Fang Xin Wen Ji-shan Liu Miribangvl Alip Tian Sun yuan-yuan Wang Hong-Wei Chen Department of Reumatology and Immunology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjing 210008Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Emergency Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjing 210008Jiangsu ProvinceChina Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education School of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity Bengbu Medical CollegeBengbu 233000Anhui ProvinceChina

Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are stem/progenitor cells capable of self-renewal and differentiation into osteoblasts,chondrocytes and *** transformation of multipotent MSCs to adipocytes mainly involves two subsequent steps from MSCs to preadipocytes and further preadipocytes into adipocytes,in which the process MSCs are precisely controlled to commit to the adipogenic lineage and then mature into *** studies have shown that the master transcription factors C/enhancer-binding protein alpha and peroxisome proliferation activator receptor gamma play vital roles in ***,the mechanism underlying the adipogenic differentiation of MSCs is not fully ***,the current knowledge of adipogenic differentiation in MSCs is reviewed,focusing on signaling pathways,noncoding RNAs and epigenetic effects on DNA methylation and acetylation during MSC ***,the relationship between maladipogenic differentiation and diseases is briefly *** hope that this review can broaden and deepen our understanding of how MSCs turn into adipocytes.

关键词： Mesenchymal stem cell Adipogenic differentiation Signaling pathway Noncoding RNA Epigenetic regulation

One-step pore diffusion mechanism of Li^(+) in solid electrolyte interphase for fast-charging lithium-ion battery

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Rare Metals 2024年第7期43卷 3438-3440页

作者： shan Wang Shu-yuan Liu Alireza Khataee Ke-Zhen Qi College of Pharmacy Dali UniversityDali 671000China Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes Department of Applied ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of TabrizTabriz 51666-16471Iran Peoples'Friendship University of Russia(RUDN University) Moscow117198Russian Federation

Li^(+) transport in solid electrolyte interphase is recognized as important factor,which has become a research ***,an one-step pore diffusion mechanism for Li^(+) transport through solid electrolyte interphase was proposed,which was different from previous two-step *** one-step pore diffusion process could effectively eliminate the dynamic limitations of Li^(+) transport in solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) for rapid charging *** work will contribute to the development of rapid charging lithium-ion batteries.

关键词： battery mechanism electrolyte

GRB 210323A:Signature of Long-lasting Lifetime of Supra-massive Magnetar as the Central Engine from the Merger of Binary Neutron Star

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第8期24卷 32-41页

作者： Yingze shan Xiaoxuan Liu Xing Yang Haoyu yuan Houjun Lü Guangxi Key Laboratory for Relativistic Astrophysics School of Physical Science and TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Department of Astronomy School of PhysicsHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

Theoretically,a supra-massive neutron star or magnetar may be formed after the merger of binary neutron ***210323A is a short-duration gamma-ray burst(GRB)with a duration of lasting~1 *** light curve of the prompt emission of GRB 210323A shows a signal-peaked structure and a cutoff power-law model can adequately fit the spectra with E_p=1826±*** interestingly,it has an extremely long-lasting plateau emission in the X-ray afterglow with a duration of~10^(4)s,and then follows a rapid decay with a decay slope~*** temporal feature is challenging by invoking the external shock *** this paper,we suggest that the observed long-lasting X-ray plateau emission is caused by the energy injection of dipole radiation from supra-massive magnetar,and the abrupt decay following the longlasting X-ray plateau emission is explained by supra-massive magnetar collapsing into a black *** is the short GRB(SGRB)with the longest X-ray internal plateau emission powered by a supra-massive neutron *** this is the case,one can estimate the physical parameters of a supra-massive magnetar,and compare with other *** also discuss the possible gravitational-wave emission,which is powered by a supra-massive magnetar and its detectability,and the possible kilonova emission,which is powered by r-process and magnetar spin-down to compare with the observed data.

关键词： (stars)gamma-ray burst general-(stars)gamma-ray burst individual(GRB 210323A)-stars magnetars