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Comparison of Efficacy and Safety between First and Second Generation Drug-eluting Stents in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease： A Single-center Retrospective Study

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Chinese Medical Journal 2017年第14期130卷 1654-1661页

作者： Ru Liu Fei Xiong yuan Wen yuan-Liang Ma Yi Yao Zhan Gao Bo Xu Yue-jin Yang Shu-Bin Qiao Run-Lin Gao jin-qing yuan Department of Cardiology Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100037 China Department of Physiology Colleges of Pharmacy and Medicine University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40536 USA

Background：Lots of trials demonstrate that second-generation drug-eluting stents （G2-DES）,with their improved properties,offer significantly superior efficacy and safety profiles compared to first generation DES （Gl-DES） for patients with coronary artery disease （CAD） receiving percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI）.This study aimed to verify the advantage of G2-DES over G1-DES in Chinese patients with stable CAD （SCAD）.Methods：For this retrospective observational analysis,2709 SCAD patients with either G1-DES （n =863） or G2-DES （n =1846） were enrolled consecutively throughout *** score matching （PSM） was applied to control differing baseline ***-year outcomes,including major adverse coronary events as well as individual events,including target vessel-related myocardial infarction,target lesion revascularization （TLR）,target vessel revascularization,and cardiogenic death were ***：The incidence of revascularization between G1-and G2-DES showed a trend of significant difference with a threshold P-value （8.6% vs.6.7%,x2 =2.995,P =0.084）.G2-DES significantly improved TLR-free survival compared to G1-DES （96.6% vs.97.9%,P =0.049） and revascularization-free survival curve showed a trend of improvement of G2-DES （92.0% vs.93.8%,P =0.082）.These difterences diminished after *** Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed a trend for G 1-associated increase in revascularization （hazard ratio：1.28,95% confidence interval：0.95-1.72,P =0.099） while no significance was found after *** endpoints showed no significant differences after multivariate adjustment regardless of ***：G1-DES showed the same safety as G2-DES in this large Chinese cohort of real-world ***,G2-DES improved TLR-ffee survival of SCAD patients 2 years after *** advantage was influenced by baseline clinical ***-DES was associated with a trend of increase in revascularization risk and was not an independent predictor o

关键词： Drug-etuting Stents Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Stable Coronary Artery Disease

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Impact of Body Mass Index on the Clinical Outcomes after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients ≥75 Years Old

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Chinese Medical Journal 2015年第5期128卷 638-643页

作者： Pei-yuan He Yue-jin Yang Shu-Bin Qiao Bo Xu Min Yao Yong-Jian Wu yuan Wu jin-qing yuan Jue Chen Hai-Bo Liu Jun Dai Wei Li Yi-Da Tang jin-Gang Yang Run-Lin Gao Department of Cardiology Cardiovascular Institute and Fuwai Hospital National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100037 China Medical Research and Biometrics Center Cardiovascular Institute and Fuwai Hospital National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100037 China

Background：The impact of body mass index （BMI） on the clinical outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） in patients ≥75 years old remained ***：A total of 1098 elderly patients undergoing PCI with stent implantation were *** were divided into four groups by the value of BMI：Underweight （〈20.0 kg/m^2）,normal weight （20.0-24.9 kg/m^2）,overweight （25.0-29.9 kg/m^2） and obese （≥30.0 kg/m^2）.Major clinical outcomes after PCI were compared between the *** primary endpoint was defined as in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events （MACEs）,which included death,myocardial infarction （MI） and target vessel *** secondary endpoint was defined as 1 year *** regression analysis was performed to adjust for the potential ***：Totally,1077 elderly patients with available BMIs were included in the *** of underweight,normal weight,overweight and obese accounted for 5.6%,45.4%,41.5% and 7.5% of the population,*** patients were more likely to attract ST-segment elevation MI,and get accompanied with anemia or renal ***,they were less likely to achieve thrombolysis in MI 3 grade flow after PCI,and receive beta-blocker,angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker after *** underweight,normal weight,overweight and obese patients,in-hospital MACE were 1.7%,2.7%,3.8%,and 3.7% respectively （P =0.68）,and 1 year mortality rates were 5.0%,3.9%,5.1% and 3.7% （P =0.80）,without significant difference between the *** regression analysis showed that the value of BMI was not associated with in-hospital MACE in patients at 75 years ***：The BMI ＂obese paradox＂ was not found in patients ≥75 years *** was suggested that BMI may not be a sensitive predictor of adverse cardiovascular events in elderly patients.

关键词： Aged Angioplasty Body Mass Index Outcomes

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A randomized comparative study of using enoxaparin instead of unfractionated heparin in the intervention treatment of coronary heart disease

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Chinese Medical Journal 2006年第5期119卷 355-359页

作者： CHEN Ji-lin CHEN Jue QIAO Shu-bin GUO yuan-lin WU Yong-jian DAI Jun yuan jin-qing QIN Xue-wen YANG Yue-jin GAO Run-lin Cardiovascular Institute and Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100037 China

Background Low molecular weight heparin （LMWH） was more effective than unfractionated heparin （UFH） in treating acute coronary syndrome （ACS）. However, it remains uncertain whether LMWH can be used in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） instead of UFH. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of using enoxaparin instead of UFH in the intervention treatment of patients with coronary heart disease （CHD） .Methods From October 2003 to Febuary 2005, 966 patients with CHD were enrolled into this study. Among 966 patients, 455 patients received the PCI, including 283 patients with Non-ST segment elevation ACS （NSTEACS）, 511 patients did not received PCI due to mild, moderate lesions or were suitable for coronary artery bypass graft （CABG）. The 966 patients were randomized to enoxaparin group （484 patients） and UFH group （482 patients）. Patients in the enoxaparin group were given enoxaparin at least twice subcutaneously （1 ms/kg, q12 h） before catheterization. Plasma anti-Xa activity was determined 1-8 hours after the last dose of enoxaparin was determined. The catheterization was performed within 8 hours after the last dose of enoxaparin. The sheath was removed immediately after the procedure. Patients in the UFH group were given UFH 25 mg intravenously before coronary angiography. Additional 65 mg was given intravenously if PCI was to be performed. The sheath was removed 4 hours after the procedure. Results A total of 227 patients in the enoxaparin group and 228 patients in the UFH group received PCI. In the enoxaparin group, one patient developed acute thrombosis during PCI and resulted in acute myocardial infarction （AMI）, no acute or subacute thrombosis was found during hospitalization. In the UFH group, no acute or subacute thrombosis occurred during PCI procedure and hospitalization. Therefore, the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events （MACEs） during the hospitalization was 0.44% in the enoxaparin group and 0 in the

关键词： enoxaparin unfractionated heparin percutaneous coronary intervention

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Long-term Outcomes of Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with Second-generation Drug-eluting Stents in ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients Caused by Very Late Stent Thrombosis

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Chinese Medical Journal 2017年第8期130卷 929-935页

作者： Chen He yuan-Liang Ma Chuang-Shi Wang Lin Jiang Jia-Hui Zhang Yi Yao Xiao-FangTang Bo Xu Run-Lin Gao jin-qing yuan State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100037 China

Background： The ST-segment elevation myocardial inthrction （STEMI） patients due to stent thrombosis （ST） remain a therapeutic challenge for a clinician. Till date, very few researches have been conducted regarding the safety and effectiveness of primary percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） with second-generation drug-eluting stents （DES） for STEMI caused by very late ST （VLST）. This retrospective study evaluated the safety, efficacy, and outcomes of primary PCI with second-generation DES for STEM1 due to VLST compared with primary PCI for STEM1 due to de novo lesion. Methods： Between January 2007 and December 2013, STEMI patients with primary PCI in Fuwai Hospital had only second-generation DES implanted for de novo lesion （558 patients） and VLST （50 patients） were included in this retrospective study. The primary end points included cardiac death and reinfarction. The secondary end points included cardiac death, reinfarction, and target lesion revascularization. Continuous variables were expressed as mean （standard deviation） or median （interquartile range） and compared by Student＇s t-test or Mann-Whitney U-test as appropriate. Categorical variables were expressed as counts and percentages, and comparison of these variables was performed with Chi-square or Fisher＇s exact test. A two-tailed value of P 〈 0.05 was considered statistically significant for all comparisons. Statistical analyses were performed by SAS software （version 9.4, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, USA） for Windows. Results： In-hospital primary end point and the secondary end point were no significant differences between two groups （P = 1.000 and P = 1.000, respectively）. No significant differences between two groups were observed according to the long-term primary end point and the secondary end point. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed no significant difference between the two groups in the primary end point and the secondary end point at 2 years （P- 0.340 and P = 0,243, respectively）. According to

关键词： Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Second-generation Drug-eluting Stents ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction Stent Thrombosis

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Risk or Beneficial Factors Associated with Unplanned Revascularization Risk Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Large Single-Center Data

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2020年第6期33卷 431-443页

作者： LIU Ru GAO Zhan GAO Li Jian ZHAO Xue Yan CHEN Jue QIAO Shu Bin YANG Yue jin GAO Run Lin XU Bo yuan jin qing Department of Cardiology Fuwai HospitalChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100037China

Objective To analyze factors associated with unplanned revascularization(UR) risk in patients with coronary artery disease(CAD) who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods A total of 10,640 cases with CAD who underwent PCI were analyzed. Multivariate COX regressions and competing risk regressions were *** The patients who underwent UR following PCI in 30 days, 1, and 2 years accounted for 0.3%,6.5%, and 8.7%, respectively. After multivariate adjustment, the number of target lesions [hazard ratio(HR) = 2.320;95% confidence interval(CI): 1.643–3.277;P < 0.001], time of procedure(HR = 1.006;95%CI: 1.001–1.010;P = 0.014), body mass index(HR = 1.104;95% CI: 1.006–1.210;P = 0.036), incomplete revascularization(ICR)(HR = 2.476;95% CI: 1.030–5.952;P = 0.043), and age(HR = 1.037;95% CI:1.000–1.075;P = 0.048) were determined as independent risk factors of 30-day UR. Factors, including low-molecular-weight heparin or fondaparinux(HR = 0.618;95% CI: 0.531–0.719;P < 0.001), secondgeneration durable polymer drug-eluting stent(HR = 0.713;95% CI: 0.624–0.814;P < 0.001), left anterior descending artery involvement(HR = 0.654;95% CI: 0.530–0.807;P < 0.001), and age(HR = 0.992;95%CI: 0.985–0.998;P = 0.014), were independently associated with decreased two-year UR risk. While,Synergy Between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery score(HR =1.024;95% CI: 1.014–1.033;P < 0.001) and ICR(HR = 1.549;95% CI: 1.290–1.860;P < 0.001) were negatively associated with two-year UR *** Specific factors were positively or negatively associated with short-and medium-long-term UR following PCI.

关键词： Coronary artery disease Unplanned revascularization Percutaneous coronary intervention

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Coronary intervention in patients ≥75 years old with ST-elevation myocardial infarction： in-hospital and 6-month clinical outcomes

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Chinese Medical Journal 2010年第16期123卷 2171-2175页

作者： ZHENG Xin LI Jian-jun yuan jin-qing QIN Xue-wen ZHU Cheng-gang GUO yuan-lin MU Chao-wei HUA Yi-hong YANG Yue-jin XU Bo GAO Run-lin Department of Cardiology Fu Wai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100037 China

Background ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction （STEMI） in elderly patients presents specific clinical *** study on percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） in elderly patients （≥75 years） with STEMI,however, has less been *** In the present study, 522 consecutive STEMI patients undergoing PCI within 12 hours from symptom onset were investigated, and clinical characteristics and in-hospital and 6-month outcomes of 66 elderly patients （≥75 years,group A） were compared to those of 456 younger patients （〈75 years, group B）.Results Compared to younger patients, elderly ones had more females （42.4% vs.17.8%, P 〈0.005）, a history of cerebral vascular events （7.6% vs.0.9%, P 〈0.05）, higher serum creatinine level （（96.48±31.65） mmol/L vs.（84.87±19.81）mmol/L, P〈0.005） and fewer smokers （28.8% vs.45.4%, P〈0.05）.The elderly ones had worse Killip class （Killip I class：69.7% vs.85.7%, P 〈0.05）, less drug-eluting stent implantation and lower rates of TIMI flow 3 following PCI （33.3% vs.47.1%, and 84.8% vs.94.7%, P 〈0.05 respectively）.Additionally, both in-hospital mortality and myocardial infarction rate were found to be higher in elderly patients （16.7% vs.1.5%, and 7.6% vs.2.6%, P 〈0.05 respectively）, which were also observed until 6-month follow-up （9.1% vs.0, and 6.1% vs.0, P 〈0.05 respectively=.In multivariable Cox regression analysis, serum creatinine level, history of hypertension, left anterior descending coronary artery as infarct-related artery and Killip class were independent predictors of 6-month overall death in elderly *** The clinical characteristics of elderly patients with STEMI after PCI are different from those of younger *** PCI in this population is with a low rate of PCI failure, it is still associated with a worse outcome.

关键词： percutaneous coronary intervention elderly myocardial infarction

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Comparing of Light Transmittance Aggregometry and Modified Thrombelastograph in Predicting Clinical Outcomes in Chinese Patients Undergoing Coronary Stenting with Clopidogrel

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Chinese Medical Journal 2015年第6期128卷 774-779页

作者： Xiao-Fang Tang Ya-Ling Han Jia-Hui Zhang jing Wang Yin Zhang Bo Xu Zhan Gao Shu-Bin Qiao Jue Chen yuan Wu Ji-Lin Chen Run-Lin Gao Yue-jin Yang jin-qing yuan Department of Cardiology State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Fuwai Hospital National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100037 China Department of Cardiology Institute of Cardiovascular Research of People's Liberation Army Shenyang Northern Hospital Shenyang Liaoning 110840 China Department of Cardiology Centre for Coronary Heart Disease State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseaseFuwai Hospita/i National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100037 China

Background:Several platelet function tests are currently used to measure responsiveness to antiplatelet *** study was to compare two tests,light transmittance aggregometry (LTA) and modified thrombelastography (mTEG),for predicting clinical outcomes in Chinese patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods:Prospective,observational,single-center study of 789 Chinese patients undergoing PCI was *** study was investigated the correlations between the two tests and performed receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) at 1-year ***:MACEs occurred in 32 patients (4.1％).Correlations were well between the two tests in the adenosine diphosphate induced platelet reactivity (Spearman r =0.733,P ＜ 0.001).ROC-curve analysis demonstrated that LTA (area under the curve [AUC]:0.677; 95％ confidence interval [CI]:0.643-0.710; P =0.0009),and mTEG (AUC:0.684; 95％ CI:0.650-0.716; P =0.0001) had moderate ability to discriminate between patients with and without *** occurred more frequently in patients with high on-treatment platelet reactivity (HPR) when assessed by LTA (7.4％ vs.2.7％; P ＜ 0.001),and by TEG (6.7％ vs.2.6％; P ＜ 0.001).Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that HPR based on the LTA and mTEG was associated with almost 3-fold increased risk of MACE at 1-year ***:The correlation between LTA and mTEG is relatively high in Chinese *** measured by LTA and mTEG were significantly associated with MACE in Chinese patients undergoing PCI.

关键词： Clopidogrel High On-treatment Platelet Reactivity Light Transmittance Aggregometry Thrombelastography

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A Comparison of the Transradial and Transfemoral Approaches for the Angiography and Intervention in Patients with a History of Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery： In-hospital and 1-year Follow-up Results

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Chinese Medical Journal 2015年第6期128卷 762-767页

作者： Pei-yuan He Yue-jin Yang Shu-Bin Qiao Bo Xu Min Yao Yong-Jian Wu jin-qing yuan Jue Chen Hai-Bo Liu Jun Dai Xin-Ran Tang Yang Wang Wei Li Run-Lin Gao Department of Cardiology Cardiovascular Institute and Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beiiinq 100037 China Medical Research and Biometrics Center Cardiovascular Institute and Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100037 China

Background:Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) through transradial approach (TRA) has shown to be safe and effective as transfemoral approach (TFA) among unselected ***,very few studies have compared the outcomes between TRA and TFA specifically in patients with a history of coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG).Methods:A total of 404 post-CABG patients who had undergone angiography or PCI were included in the *** primary endpoint was defined as angiographic success and procedure *** secondary endpoint was defined as in-hospital net adverse clinical events (NACEs),which included all cause of death,myocardial infarction (MI),stroke,repeat revascularization,and major *** were followed-up for *** adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs),which included death,MI,and repeat revascularization,at 1-year follow-up were also ***:The angiographic success was reached by 97.4％ in the TRA group compared with 100％ in the TFA group (P =0.02).The procedure success was achieved in 99.1％ in the TRA group and 97.9％ in the TFA group (P =0.68).The incidence rates of in-hospital NACE (2.7％ vs.2.7％,P =1.00) and 1-year MACE (11.5％ vs.12.0％,P =0.88) were similar between TRA and ***,TRA was associated with a lower rate of Bleeding Academic Research Consortium ≥2 bleeding (P =0.02).In patients undergoing graft PCI,the procedure success was similar between TRA and TFA (100.0％ vs.98.7％,P =1.00).The procedure time (25.0 min vs.27.5 min,P =0.53) was also *** significant difference was detected between TRA and TFA in terms of in-hospital NACE (0 vs.0,P =1.00)and 1-year MACE (21.4％ vs.10.3％,P =0.19).Conclusions:Compared with TFA,TRA had lower angiographic success but had a similar procedure success in post-CABG *** was also associated with decreased bleeding and shortened hospital stay.

关键词： Coronary Angioplasty Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery Transfemoral Transradial

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Short and long-term outcomes of two drug eluting stents in bifurcation lesions

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Chinese Medical Journal 2007年第3期120卷 183-186页

作者： CHEN Ji-lin GAO Run-lin YANGYue-jin QIAO Shu-bin QIN Xue-wen YAO Min XU Bo LIU Hai-bo WU Yong-jian yuan jin-qing CHEN Jue WU yuan DAI Jun Cardiovascular Institute and Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy ofMedical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing100037 China

Background Because no large prospective studies are available, this study evaluated the clinical outcomes of two drug eluting stents in bifurcation lesions. Methods Lesions with diameter of side branch ≥2.5 mm were selected. From October 2003 to June 2005, 112 patients with 113 bifurcation lesions were treated by two drug eluting stents （DESs）, technique. The location of bifurcation lesions were left anterior descending coronary artery/diagonal in 62 patients, left main distal bifurcation in 32, left circumflex coronary artery/obtute marginal branch in 18 and right coronary artery distal bifurcation in 1. Procedures for bifurcation lesions were crush or modified crush technique in 64, ＂T＂ stenting technique in 27, modified ＂Y＂ stenting, kiss stenting, ＂V＂ stenting as well as culotte stenting technique in 11, 5, 3 and 3, respectively. Among 226 lesions, 91 Cypher or Cypher select stents, 74 TAXUS and 67 Firebird were used. Final kiss balloon dilation was performed in 60 （93.7%） with crush technique after stenting. Results Success rate of percutaneous coronary intervention for the bifurcation lesions was 100%. One patient, who developed inhospital acute myocardial infarction due to subacute thrombosis, was successfully treated by a second intervention. Major adverse cardiac events rate in-hospital was 0.89% （1/112） and during followup was 7.14% （8/112）, No death occurred during the followup of all patients. Angiographic followup was effected for 46 patients, restenosis for eight, coronary artery bypass grafting for 1 and a repeat intervention for 5. Restenosis involving TAXUS, Cypher and Firebird was 5 （5/18, 27.8%）, 2 （2/17, 11.8%） and 1 （1/11, 9.1%）, respectively （P〉0.05）. Total restenotic rate was 17.4% （8/46）. Conclusions When ostium of side branch has severe stenosis and 〉12.5 mm in diameter, two-stent strategy in this bifurcation lesion is safe and effective, and the outcomes are satisfactory. Restenotic rates were not different between TAXUS, Cypher and F

关键词： bifurcation lesion drug eluting stent treatment outcome

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Effects of coexisting polymorphisms of CYP2C19 and P2Y12 on clopidogrel responsiveness and clinical outcome in patients with acute coronary syndromes undergoing stent-based coronary intervention

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Chinese Medical Journal 2013年第6期126卷 1069-1075页

作者： TANG Xiao-fang ZHANG Jia-hui WANG jing HAN Ya-ling XU Bo QIAO Shu-bin WU Yong-jian CHEN Jue WU yuan CHEN Ji-lin GAO Run-lin YANG Yue-jin yuan jin-qing Department of Cardiology Fu Wai Hospital and Cardiovascular Institute National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100037 China Department of Cardiology Institute of Cardiovascular Research of People's Liberation Army Shenyang Northern Hospital Shenyang Liaoning 110840 China

Background The CYP2C19 G681A single polymorphism has been proven to affect clopidogrel responsiveness. However, the effect of coexisting polymorphisms of other genes has not yet been reported in the Chinese population. This study investigated the effect of coexisting polymorphisms of CYP2C19 and P2Y12 on clopidogrel responsiveness and adverse clinical events in Chinese patients. Methods In 577 Han Chinese patients undergoing stent placement because of acute coronary syndrome had platelet reactivity assessed by thromboelastography, and the CYP2C19 G681A and P2Y12 C34T polymorphisms were detected by the ligase detection reaction. Primary clinical endpoints included cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, target vessel revascularization, and stent thrombosis. The secondary clinical endpoints were thrombolysis in myocardial infarction bleeding. The follow-up period was 12 months. Results Genotyping revealed 194 carriers of the wild type GG genotype of CYP2C19 and the wild type CC genotype of P2Y12 （group 1）, 102 carriers of the wild type GG genotype of CYP2C19 and the mutational T allele of P2Y12 （group 2）, 163 carriers of the mutational A allele of CYP2C19 and the wild type CC genotype of P2Y12 （group 3）, and 118 carriers of the mutational A allele of CYP2C19 and the mutational T allele of P2Y12 （group 4）. Group 4 had the lowest ADP-inhibition （49.74＋32.61） and the highest prevalence of clopidogrel low response （29.7%） of the four groups. The rate of the composite of primary clinical endpoints increased more in group 4 （8.5%） than in the other three groups; the rate of composite primary endpoints in group 2 （2.9%） and group 3 （3.7%） were not significantly different than that of group 1 （1.5%）. Conclusion Coexisting polymorphisms of different genes affected clopidogrel responsiveness and clinical outcome more than single polymorphism in Chinese patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.

关键词： clopidogrel acute coronary syndromes CYP2 C19 P2 Y12 platelet reactivity

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