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C-reactive protein to albumin ratio predict responses to programmed cell death-1 inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma patients

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第1期16卷 61-78页

作者： Bai-Bei Li lei-Jie Chen Shi-Liu lu Biao lei Gui-Lin yu Shui-Ping yu Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor(Guangxi Medical University) Ministry of EducationNanning 530021Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina Guangxi Key Laboratory of Immunology and Metabolism for Liver Diseases Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina Department of Gastroenterology The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityNanning 410011Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina Department of Emergency The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina

BACKGROUND Over the years,programmed cell death-1(PD-1)inhibitors have been routinely used for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)treatment and yielded improved survival outcomes.Nonetheless,significant heterogeneity surrounds the outcomes of most studies.Therefore,it is critical to search for biomarkers that predict the efficacy of PD-1 inhibitors in patients with HCC.AIM To investigate the role of the C-reactive protein to albumin ratio(CAR)in evaluating the efficacy of PD-1 inhibitors for HCC.METHODS The clinical data of 160 patients with HCC treated with PD-1 inhibitors from January 2018 to November 2022 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University were retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS The optimal cut-off value for CAR based on progression-free survival(PFS)was determined to be 1.20 using x-tile software.Cox proportional risk model was used to determine the factors affecting prognosis.Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status[hazard ratio(HR)=1.754,95%confidence interval(95%CI)=1.045-2.944,P=0.033],CAR(HR=2.118,95%CI=1.057-4.243,P=0.034)and tumor number(HR=2.932,95%CI=1.246-6.897,P=0.014)were independent prognostic factors for overall survival.CAR(HR=2.730,95%CI=1.502-4.961,P=0.001),tumor number(HR=1.584,95%CI=1.003-2.500,P=0.048)and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio(HR=1.120,95%CI=1.022-1.228,P=0.015)were independent prognostic factors for PFS.Two nomograms were constructed based on independent prognostic factors.The C-index index and calibration plots confirmed that the nomogram is a reliable risk prediction tool.The ROC curve and decision curve analysis confirmed that the nomogram has a good predictive effect as well as a net clinical benefit.CONCluSION Overall,we reveal that the CAR is a potential predictor of short-and long-term prognosis in patients with HCC treated with PD-1 inhibitors.If further verified,CAR-based nomogram may increase the number of markers that predict individualized prognosis.

关键词： C-reactive protein to albumin ratio Hepatocellular carcinoma Programmed cell death-1 inhibitors Prognosis Nomogram

Expression of cyclin-dependent kinase 9 is positively correlated with the autophagy level in colon cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第2期16卷 314-330页

作者： lei Zheng Jia lu Da-lu Kong Department of Colorectal Cancer Surgery National Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy of TianjinTianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of TianjinTianjin’s Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjin 300060China Department of Infection Management National Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy of TianjinTianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of TianjinTianjin’s Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjin 300060China

BACKGROUND Cyclin-dependent kinase 9(CDK9)expression and autophagy in colorectal cancer(CRC)tissues has not been widely studied.CDK9,a key regulator of transcription,may influence the occurrence and progression of CRC.The expression of auto-phagy-related genes BECN1 and drug resistance factor ABCG2 may also play a role in CRC.Under normal physiological conditions,autophagy can inhibit tumorigenesis,but once a tumor forms,autophagy may promote tumor growth.Therefore,understanding the relationship between autophagy and cancer,partic-ularly how autophagy promotes tumor growth after its formation,is a key motivation for this research.AIM To investigate the relationship between CDK9 expression and autophagy in CRC,assess differences in autophagy between left and right colon cancer,and analyze the associations of autophagy-related genes with clinical features and prognosis.METHODS We collected tumor tissues and paracarcinoma tissues from colon cancer patients with liver metastasis to observe the level of autophagy in tissues with high levels of CDK9 and low levels of CDK9.We also collected primary tissue from left and right colon cancer patients with liver metastasis to compare the autophagy levels and the expression of BECN1 and ABCG2 in the tumor and paracarcinoma tissues.RESULTS The incidence of autophagy and the expression of BECN1 and ABCG2 were different in left and right colon cancer,and autophagy might be involved in the occurrence of chemotherapy resistance.Further analysis of the rela-tionship between the expression of autophagy-related genes CDK9,ABCG2,and BECN1 and the clinical features and prognosis of colorectal cancer showed that the high expression of CDK9 indicated a poor prognosis in colorectal cancer.CONCluSION This study laid the foundation for further research on the combination of CDK9 inhibitors and autophagy inhibitors in the treatment of patients with CRC.

关键词： Autophagy Tumorigenesis Tumor tissue Paracarcinoma tissue Expression Left/right colon cancer

Phase transition of multi-component(TiZrVNb)C ceramics—Part II:From single phase to multiple phases via adjusting V content

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第5期13卷 689-698页

作者： Qingyi Kong lei Chen Sijia Huo Kunxuan Li Wenyu lu yujin Wang yu Zhou Institute for Advanced Ceramics School of Materials Science and EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150080China Key Laboratory of Advanced Structure‒Function Integrated Materials and Green Manufacturing Technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China National Key Laboratory of Precision Hot Processing of Metals Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

To address the relatively mediocre mechanical properties of single-phase multi-component carbide ceramics,a phase transition from a single phase to multiple phases was proposed to achieve superior mechanical properties.A series of(TiZrVxNb)C0.8 ceramics with different V contents were fabricated by spark plasma sintering(SPS).The influence of the V content on the phase composition,microstructural evolution,and mechanical properties was investigated in detail.The transition behavior from a single phase to multiple phases is discovered and discussed.The formation of the Zr-rich phase and Zr-poor phase can be attributed to the increase in lattice distortion and mixed enthalpy caused by the addition of V.A nanometer lamellar structure with a semi-coherent interface obtained via in situ decomposition is reported for the first time in multi-component carbide ceramics.The semi-coherent interfaces with high dislocation density and strain concentration effectively improve the mechanical properties,grain refinement,and multi-phase formation.The optimal comprehensive mechanical properties of the Vickers hardness(26.3 GPa),flexural strength(369 MPa),and fracture toughness(3.1 MPa·m1/2)were achieved for the sample with 20 mol%V.

关键词： multi-component ceramics multiple phases microstructure evolution phase decomposition mechanical properties

Femtosecond laser-induced periodic surface structures on hard and brittle materials

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 19-36页

作者： ZHAO GuoXu WANG Gong LI yunFei WANG lei LIAN yuDong yu yu ZHAO Hui WANG yulei lu ZhiWei Center for Advanced Laser Technology Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300401China Hebei Key Laboratory of Advanced Laser Technology and Equipment Tianjin 300401China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics College of Electronic Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun 130012China School of Information and Electrical Engineering Hebei University of EngineeringHandan 056038China

Hard and brittle materials have high hardness,excellent optical stability,chemical stability,and high thermal stability.Hence,they have huge application potential in various fields,such as optical components,substrate materials,and quantum information,especially under harsh conditions,such as high temperatures and high pressures.Femtosecond laser direct writing technology has greatly promoted the development of femtosecond laser-induced periodic surface structure(Fs-LIPSS or LIPSS by a femtosecond laser)applications of hard and brittle materials due to its high precision,controllability,and three-dimensional processing ability.Thus far,LIPSSs have been widely used in material surface treatment,optoelectronic devices,and micromechanics.However,a consensus has not been reached regarding the formation mechanism of LIPSSs on hard and brittle materials.In this paper,three widely accepted LIPSS formation mechanisms are introduced,and the characteristics and applications of LIPSSs on diamonds,silicon,silicon carbide,and fused silica surfaces in recent years are summarized.In addition,the application prospects and challenges of LIPSSs on hard and brittle materials by a femtosecond laser are discussed.

关键词： laser-induced periodic surface structures hard and brittle materials femtosecond laser

The size effect and analogous boundary states in a circular non-Hermitian chain

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第2期76卷 157-165页

作者： Xin-yu Ma Yi-Han Guan Qiao-Nan Li Ai-lei He lu Qi School of Physical Science and Technology Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225002China

We investigate the size effect and boundary states based on a circular non-Hermitian chain under the nonreciprocal intra-cell coupling and inter-cell coupling regimes.We find that the circular non-Hermitian chain exhibits an even–odd effect on the unit cell corresponding to a large chain,which is different from the open non-Hermitian chain only exhibiting the same effect for a small chain.Moreover,we find that the originally localized bulk states become totally extended via designing the boundary coupling strength appropriately.The extended bulk states reveal the fact of the disappearance of the non-Hermitian skin effect.In particular,we show that the circular non-Hermitian chain also possesses the analogous edge states under some parameter regimes,which is pretty counterintuitive since the circular chain usually cannot define a boundary.Our investigations supply the different non-Hermitian phenomena in a circular non-Hermitian chain.

关键词： boundary states non-Hermitian chain topological state

Phase transition of multi-component(TiZrVNb)C ceramics—Part I:Phase decomposition induced by carbon content

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第5期13卷 679-688页

作者： Qingyi Kong Rao Zhang lei Chen Sijia Huo Wenyu lu yujin Wang Boxin Wei yu Zhou Institute for Advanced Ceramics School of Materials Science and EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150080China Key Laboratory of Advanced Structure‒Function Integrated Materials and Green Manufacturing Technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Harbin University of Science and TechnologyHarbin 150001China National Key Laboratory of Precision Hot Processing of Metals Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

Phase decomposition can effectively enhance the mechanical properties of carbide ceramics and can overcome the difficulty of enhancing the mechanical properties of single-phase multicomponent carbide ceramics.In this work,a series of nonstoichiometric(TiZrVNb)Cx ceramics were prepared by spark plasma sintering(SPS)at different temperatures.The effects of the carbon content on the phase composition,microstructure evolution,and mechanical properties were investigated in detail.Phase decomposition occurred with decreasing carbon content.Two different solid solutions of(Ti,V)-rich and Zr-rich phases formed from the decomposition of equimolar single-phase solid solutions,namely,the Zr-poor phase and Zr-rich phase,respectively.The distribution of Nb element is relatively uniform.The semicoherent interfaces between the Zr-poor phase and the Zr-rich phase can harden and strengthen effectively under the synergistic effect of grain refinement.Ceramics with phase decomposition structures have apparent advantages compared to single-phase high-entropy carbides.This work provides an important train of thought for the microstructure tailoring and properties optimization of multi-component carbide ceramics.

关键词： multicomponent ceramics nontoichiometry microstructure evolution phase decomposition mechanical properties

Flexible regulation engineering of titanium nitride nanofibrous membranes for efficient electromagnetic microwave absorption in wide temperature spectrum

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1666-1675页

作者： Cuiping Li lu Zhang Shuai Zhang Qiqi yu Dan Li lei Zhang Chunhong Gong Jingwei Zhang Institute of Functional Polymer Composites College of Chemistry and Molecular SciencesHenan UniversityKaifeng 475004China National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Hybrid Nanomaterials Henan UniversityKaifeng 475004China

Simultaneous development of well impedance matching and strong loss capability has become a mainstream method for achieving outstanding electromagnetic microwave absorption(EMWA)performances over wide temperature range.However,it is difficult to pursue both due to the mutual restraint of relationship between impedance matching and loss capability about temperature.Here,we propose a flexible regulation engineering of titanium nitride(TiN)nanofibrous membranes(NMs,TNMs),which could be distributed uniformly in the polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)matrix and contributed to the formation of abundant local conductive networks,generating the local conductive loss and enhancing the loss ability of EMWs.Moreover,when the TNMs are used as functional units and dispersed in the matrix,the corresponding composites exhibit an outstanding anti-reflection effect on microwaves.As hoped,under the precondition of good impedance matching,local conductive loss and polarization loss together improve the loss capacity at room temperature,and polarization loss can compensate the local conductive loss to acquire effective dielectric response at elevated temperature.Benefiting from the reasonably synergistic loss ability caused by flexible regulation engineering,the corresponding composites exhibit the perfect EMWA performances in a wide temperature range from 298 to 573 K.This work not only elaborates the ponderable insights of independent membrane in the composition-structure-function connection,but also provides a feasible tactic for resolving coexistence of well impedance matching and strong loss capability issues in wide temperature spectrum.

关键词： flexible titanium nitride nanofibrous membranes local conductive loss dielectric loss electromagnetic microwave absorption wide temperature spectrum

Mutual aid instead of mutual restraint:interactive probing for topological charge and phase of a vortex beam of large aberrations

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Photonics Research 2024年第1期12卷 172-182页

作者： SHENGYANG WU BENLI yu lei ZHANG Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Information Acquisition and Manipulation Ministry of EducationAnhui UniversityHefei 230601China Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China

An imperfect propagation environment or optical system would introduce wavefront aberrations to vortex beams.The phase aberrations and orbital angular momentum in a vortex beam are proved to be mutually restrictive in parameter measurement.Aberrations make traditional topological charge(TC)probing methods ineffective while the phase singularity makes phase retrieval difficult due to the aliasing between the wrapped phase jump and the vortex phase jump.An interactive probing method is proposed to make measurements of the aberrated phase and orbital angular momentum in a vortex beam assist rather than hinder each other.The phase unwrapping is liberated from the phase singularity by an annular shearing interference technique while the TC value is determined by a Moirétechnique immune to aberrations.Simulation and experimental results proving the method effective are presented.It is of great significance to judge the characteristics of vortex beams passing through nonideal environments and optical systems.

关键词： vortex topological beam

Possible Role of Cellular Polyamine Metabolism in Neuronal Apoptosis

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Current Medical Science 2024年第2期44卷 281-290页

作者： Xin-tong JI Wen-lei yu Meng-jia JINI Lin-jie lu Hong-ping YIN Huan-huan WANG School of Basic Medical Sciences Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 311121China School of Medicine Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400030China Department of Stomatology Huzhou Wuxing District People's HospitalHuzhou Wuxing District Maternal and Child Health HospitalHuzhou 313008China School of Pharmacy Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310030 China'Department of Stomatology Haining Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineJiaxing 314400China

Recent studies have shown that cellular levels of polyamines(PAs)are significantly altered in neurodegenerative diseases.Evidence from in vivo animal and in vitro cell experiments suggests that the cellular levels of various PAs may play important roles in the central nervous system through the regulation of oxidative stress,mitochondrial metabolism,cellular immunity,and ion channel functions.Dysfunction of PA metabolism related enzymes also contributes to neuronal injury and cognitive impairment in many neurodegenerative diseases.Therefore,in the current work,evidence was collected to determine the possible associations between cellular levels of PAs,and related enzymes and the development of several neurodegenerative diseases,which could provide a new idea for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases in the future.

关键词： polyamine apoptosis mitochondria neurodegenerative disease