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The gasdermin family:emerging therapeutic targets in diseases

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 1905-1937页

作者： chenglong Zhu Sheng Xu Ruoyu Jiang Yizhi yu Jinjun Bian Zui Zou Faculty of Anesthesiology Changhai HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China School of Anesthesiology Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China National Key Laboratory of Immunity&Inflammation Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China d 4 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology College of Basic Medical SciencesNaval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China

The gasdermin(GSDM)family has garnered significant attention for its pivotal role in immunity and disease as a key player in pyroptosis.This recently characterized class of pore-forming effector proteins is pivotal in orchestrating processes such as membrane permeabilization,pyroptosis,and the follow-up inflammatory response,which are crucial self-defense mechanisms against irritants and infections.GSDMs have been implicated in a range of diseases including,but not limited to,sepsis,viral infections,and cancer,either through involvement in pyroptosis or independently of this process.The regulation of GSDM-mediated pyroptosis is gaining recognition as a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of various diseases.Current strategies for inhibiting GSDMD primarily involve binding to GSDMD,blocking GSDMD cleavage or inhibiting GSDMD-N-terminal(NT)oligomerization,albeit with some off-target effects.In this review,we delve into the cutting-edge understanding of the interplay between GSDMs and pyroptosis,elucidate the activation mechanisms of GSDMs,explore their associations with a range of diseases,and discuss recent advancements and potential strategies for developing GSDMD inhibitors.

关键词： diseases therapeutic immunity

On the Intelligent Optimization of the Crevice Structure in a Rapid Compression Machine

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第3期33卷 1200-1215页

作者： GUO Qiang LIU Jie WU Yingtao WANG Hewu TANG chenglong yu Ruiguang Department of Power Mechanical Engineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing100044China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Beijing Key Laboratory of New Energy Vehicle Powertrain Technology Beijing100044China National International Science and Technology Cooperation Base Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing100044China

In this study,the multi-objective intelligent optimization of the crevice structure in a rapid compression machine(RCM)is carried out based on the RCM simulation model modified with the KIVA-3V program.A multi-objective optimization simulation model of the crevice structure based on the large eddy simulation model coupled with the genetic algorithm NSGA-Ⅲis established.Six optimization parameters and seven optimization objectives are selected in the optimization process.The results show that the genetic algorithm can quickly find the values of the optimized parameters.The crevice volume ratio shows a trade-off relationship with the dimensionless temperature ratio T_(max)/T_(aver)and the tumble ratio.A larger crevice volume can reduce the flow of boundary layer cryogenic gas into the combustion chamber,thus improving the temperature uniformity.In addition,the crevice entrance width and the connecting channel length should be smaller,while the volume of the crevice main chamber should be larger,so as to sufficiently introduce the low-temperature gas of the boundary layer into the crevice and reduce their influence on the temperature field of the combustion chamber.When the crevice volume accounts for10%of the total volume,the temperature uniformity of the combustor is significantly enhanced,and when the crevice volume accounts for 30.4%,there is almost no low-temperature vortex in the combustion chamber.

关键词： rapid compression machine adiabatic core area ignition delay period crevice structure

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球腔的表面散射损耗

光子学报 2024年第5期53卷 138-148页

作者：俞骁翀戴成龙北京师范大学物理学系应用光学北京市重点实验室多尺度自旋物理教育部重点实验室北京100875

以能够精确求解的球腔为例,利用等效电流方法,给出了随机粗糙表面对腔模的散射损耗的估计,并利用等效的随机散射点进行数值仿真。结果显示对于常见的高品质因子微腔中平缓的粗糙表面,散射主导的品质因子正比于腔半径和波长三次方、反比... 详细信息

以能够精确求解的球腔为例,利用等效电流方法,给出了随机粗糙表面对腔模的散射损耗的估计,并利用等效的随机散射点进行数值仿真。结果显示对于常见的高品质因子微腔中平缓的粗糙表面,散射主导的品质因子正比于腔半径和波长三次方、反比于表面方差以及相关长度平方。

关键词：回音壁模式微球腔散射损耗品质因子等效电流

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小角X射线散射中宇宙线噪声去除方法

光学学报 2024年第7期44卷 284-292页

作者：赵晋王成龙喻虹中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所量子光学重点实验室上海201800 张江实验室上海201210 中国科学院大学北京100049

针对小角X射线散射(SAXS)测量图样中的宇宙线提出一种去除方法,以纳米结构的周期信息为物理先验计算得到周期性散射信号的坐标信息,对各光斑级次有效信号区域内的宇宙线进行检测并去除。数值模拟了含宇宙线的SAXS测量图样序列,测试该方... 详细信息

针对小角X射线散射(SAXS)测量图样中的宇宙线提出一种去除方法,以纳米结构的周期信息为物理先验计算得到周期性散射信号的坐标信息,对各光斑级次有效信号区域内的宇宙线进行检测并去除。数值模拟了含宇宙线的SAXS测量图样序列,测试该方法对SAXS测量图样序列宇宙线的检测和去除效果,并与现有的宇宙线去除方法进行对比。计算不同曝光时间下去噪前和各方法去噪后SAXS测量图样的评价指标,可以说明该方法对于SAXS测量图样中的宇宙线具有良好的去除效果,并能在长曝光条件下获得明显的信噪比增益。

关键词： X射线光学小角X射线散射周期性纳米结构宇宙线去噪

基于景观生态风险评估的景观生态网络的构建:以资源型城市临汾为例

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煤炭学报 2024年第6期49卷 2811-2825页

作者：赵际剀于强徐呈龙马骏北京林业大学林学院北京100089

资源型城市景观结构的变化受到多种因素的综合影响,这导致了其景观生态质量的降低的可能性以及生态环境的脆弱性增加,景观生态质量对生态功能的流动与传递具有直接影响,因此在构建景观生态网络时应予以关注。基于2005—2020年中国山西... 详细信息

资源型城市景观结构的变化受到多种因素的综合影响,这导致了其景观生态质量的降低的可能性以及生态环境的脆弱性增加,景观生态质量对生态功能的流动与传递具有直接影响,因此在构建景观生态网络时应予以关注。基于2005—2020年中国山西省临汾市的土地利用数据进行分析,建立了一种景观生态风险评估模型,并分析了2005—2020年景观生态风险的时空特征。在充分考虑了生态系统抵抗力受到景观生态质量影响的前提下,以2020年景观生态风险评估为基础,通过MSPA法提取生态源地,运用最小累积抵抗力模型(MCR)构建廊道,并搭建了景观生态网络,并通过复杂网络方法探讨了景观生态网络的拓扑性质。研究区域内高风险地区和极高风险地区的面积呈现先上升后下降的趋势,整体风险水平有所下降。城市建设用地与采矿用地周边地区的风险相对较高,而森林和草地地区的风险则相对较低。研究区风险变化主要受采矿、城市扩张、政府政策、土地利用类型改变以及村落迁移等因素的影响。通过增边策略对景观生态网络进行优化,对比优化前后生态网络鲁棒性,发现增边策略增强了能量传输的畅通性和节点间的互联性,该生态风险评估模型结合潜在生态网络的构建有助于为资源型城市景观结构优化和生态安全体系建设提供理论支持。

关键词：矿区生态修复景观生态风险空间自相关生态网络复杂网络优化鲁棒性

Dynamic Response of a Riser Under Excitation of Internal Waves

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2015年第6期14卷 982-988页

作者： LOU Min yu chenglong CHEN Peng College of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum

In this paper, the dynamic response of a marine riser under excitation of internal waves is studied. With the linear approximation, the governing equation of internal waves is given. Based on the rigid-lid boundary condition assumption, the equation is solved by Thompson-Haskell method. Thus the velocity field of internal waves is obtained by the continuity equation. Combined with the modified Morison formula, using finite element method, the motion equation of riser is solved in time domain with Newmark-β method. The computation programs are compiled to solve the differential equations in time domain. Then we get the numerical results, including riser displacement and transfiguration. It is observed that the internal wave will result in circular shear flow, and the first two modes have a dominant effect on dynamic response of the marine riser. In the high mode, the response diminishes rapidly. In different modes of internal waves, the deformation of riser has different shapes, and the location of maximum displacement shifts. Studies on wave parameters indicate that the wave amplitude plays a considerable role in response displacement of riser, while the wave frequency contributes little. Nevertheless, the internal waves of high wave frequency will lead to a high-frequency oscillation of riser; it possibly gives rise to fatigue crack extension and partial fatigue failure.

关键词： dynamic response marine riser internal waves

数学深度学习:核心要义、内在机制、实践模式

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天津师范大学学报（基础教育版） 2024年第3期25卷 18-24页

作者：张定强刘成龙余小芬西北师范大学教育科学学院甘肃兰州730070 西北少数民族教育发展研究中心内江师范学院数学与信息科学学院

数学深度学习是数学教育高质量发展的应有之义,需要厘清内涵、探究机制、推进实践。研究认为,数学深度学习是学生在有深层学习动机的状态下,通过亲身体验获得高阶思维,进而达成对数学知识内核深度理解,并将所学的知识与技能运用到新情... 详细信息

数学深度学习是数学教育高质量发展的应有之义,需要厘清内涵、探究机制、推进实践。研究认为,数学深度学习是学生在有深层学习动机的状态下,通过亲身体验获得高阶思维,进而达成对数学知识内核深度理解,并将所学的知识与技能运用到新情景中以实现问题解决的学习。数学深度学习的内在机制是联动生成的,第一个是内发机制:由内在动机、亲身体验、高阶思维、深度理解、迁移应用五要素逐级进阶构成,第二个是内联机制:由四个理解和教育智慧两层级构成;在此基础上构建了数学深度学习的“问题—活动”的实践模式。

关键词：数学深度学习核心要义内在机制实践模式

Pattern recognition of typical defects in high-voltage storage capacitors based on DC partial discharge

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2009年第12期52卷 3729-3735页

作者： WU GuangNing BIAN ShanShan ZHOU LiRen ZHANG XueQin RAN HanZheng yu chenglong School of Electrical Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China Mailbox919-518 Mianyang 621900China

High-voltage storage capacitors(hereinafter call capacitors for short)have been widely used in pulsed power technology.In accordance with the actual work conditions of capacitors,direct current partial discharge(DCPD)detection was put forward.The whole test system was based on the impedance balance circuit characterized by good configuration and anti-interference ability.Through DCPD detection on capacitors which contained four typical defects respectively,test results revealed that DCPD signals could well reflect the state of capacitor insulation.DCPD distribution spectra of capacitors containing four typical defects were obviously different.Defects in capacitors could be exactly judged by computer–aided pattern recognition based on support vector machine(SVM).

关键词： high voltage storage capacitor partial discharge composite insulation DC pattern recognition

紧凑型折反式制冷型中波红外成像光学系统设计

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光学学报 2024年第9期44卷 227-238页

作者：胡晨霞刘英王成龙周广鹏于晨党博石中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所中国科学院大学

为解决长焦距大口径红外成像光学系统长筒长、大体积、高成本的问题，设计了基于卡塞格林结构（卡式结构）的折反式制冷型中波红外成像光学系统。鉴于该类系统初始结构的确定缺乏充分的理论指导，推导了由拦光系数α、副镜放大率βsec... 详细信息

为解决长焦距大口径红外成像光学系统长筒长、大体积、高成本的问题，设计了基于卡塞格林结构（卡式结构）的折反式制冷型中波红外成像光学系统。鉴于该类系统初始结构的确定缺乏充分的理论指导，推导了由拦光系数α、副镜放大率βsec和中继镜组垂轴放大率βrelay三个关键参数表示的计算公式，包括光学系统初始结构参数、系统长度T值、卡式结构初级球差和初级彗差计算公式，分析了系统像差校正难度和紧凑性随α、βsec、βrelay的变化规律。基于像差校正难度与结构紧凑性之间的相互矛盾关系，提出了关键参数的最佳取值方法，为确定系统初始结构提供了重要的理论指导。使用ZEMAX软件对初始结构进行设计优化，完成了一款焦距为-600 mm、F数为2的紧凑型折反式制冷型中波红外成像光学系统，系统实现了100%冷光阑效率，总长为428 mm，各视场调制传递函数（MTF）值在奈奎斯特频率处均大于0.4，并对系统进行了公差分析，验证了理论的正确性和系统可加工性。

关键词：折反式光学系统二次成像中波红外像差理论光学系统设计