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One-Pot Protolignin Extraction by Targeted Unlocking Lignin-Carbohydrate Esters via Nucleophilic Addition-Elimination Strategy

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Research 2023年第4期2023卷 181-194页

作者： yuhan Lou Xinyue Sun yanyan yu Suqing Zeng Yilin Li Yongzhuang Liu Haipeng yu Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040P.R.China

Protolignin extraction can facilitate structure elucidation and valorization of lignin in biorefinery,but is rather challenging due to the complex chemical bonds ***,we developed the in situ generated NH3-reline(IGNR)system to realize one-pot protolignin extraction from *** the IGNR system,reline consisting of choline chloride and urea acted as both a solvent and a nucleophile generator,and the nucleophilic addition-elimination mechanism was verified by model compound *** in situ generated NH3 could precisely cleave the lignin-carbohydrate esters in lignocellulose with a near-quantitative retention of *** extracted IGNR-Protolignin exhibited native lignin substructure with high molecular weight and highβ-O-4′content(41.5 per 100 aromatic units).In addition,the up-scaled kilogram reaction demonstrated the feasibility of the IGNR system for potential industrial application in a green and sustainable *** work represents a breakthrough toward protolignin extraction in practice with the future goal of achieving total biorefinery.

关键词： lignin system bonds

Candidate genes conferring ethylene-response in cultivated peanuts determined by BSA-seq and fine-mapping

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The Crop Journal 2024年第3期12卷 856-865页

作者： yanyan Tang Zhong Huang Shaohui Xu Wenjie Zhou Jianjun Ren Fuxin yu Jingshan Wang Wujun Ma Lixian Qiao College of Agronomy Qingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109ShandongChina Murdoch University Food Futures InstitutePerthWA 6150Australia The Characteristic Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Application Provincial Department of EducationCollege of AgronomyQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109ShandongChina Academy of Dongying Efficient Agricultural Technology and Industry on Saline and Alkaline Land in Collaboration with Qingdao Agricultural University Dongying 257347ShandongChina

Ethylene plays essential roles in plant growth,development and stress *** ethylene signaling pathway and molecular mechanism have been studied extensively in Arabidopsis and rice but limited in ***,we established a sand-culture method to screen pingyangmycin mutagenized peanut lines based on their specific response to ethylene(“triple response”).An ethylene-insensitive mutant,inhibition of peanut hypocotyl elongation 1(iph1),was identified that showed reduced sensitivity to ethylene in both hypocotyl elongation and root *** bulked segregant analysis sequencing,a major gene related to iph1,named AhIPH1,was preliminarily mapped at the chromosome Arahy.01,and further narrowed to a 450-kb genomic region through substitution mapping strategy.A total of 7014 genes were differentially expressed among the ACC treatment through RNA-seq analysis,of which only the Arahy.5BLU0Q gene in the candidate mapping interval was differentially expressed between WT and mutant *** sequence variations,functional annotation and transcriptome analysis revealed that a predicated gene,Arahy.5BLU0Q,encoding SNF1 protein kinase,may be the candidate gene for *** gene contained two single-nucleotide polymorphisms at promoter region and was more highly expressed in iph1 than *** findings reveal a novel ethylene-responsive gene,which provides a theoretical foundation and new genetic resources for the mechanism of ethylene signaling in peanuts.

关键词： Ethylene-insensitive Hypocotyl elongation AhIPH1 Candidate gene Genetic resources

Dynamic fracture toughness of TA15ELI alloy studied by instrumented impact test

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Rare Metals 2010年第6期29卷 608-612页

作者： LIU Rui,HUI Songxiao,YE Wenjun,XIONG Baiqing,yu Yang,and FU yanyan State Key Laboratory for Fabrication & Processing of Nonferrous Metals,General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals,Beijing 100088,China State Key Laboratory for Fabrication & Processing of Nonferrous Metals General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals Beijing China

The dynamic fracture toughness of TA15ELI alloy with two types of microstructures was studied by instrumented impact *** specimens with both the 0.2 mm U-notch and the a/W = 0.2 pre-crack were adopted to compare notch sensitivity in the two *** result shows that the specimen with Widmanst？tten microstructure exhibits a better dynamic fracture toughness and lower notch sensitivity than that with lath-like *** surfaces in the case of the two microstructures are analyzed to have a ductile and brittle mixed feature under dynamic *** fracture surface of lath-like microstructure is composed of dimples and tear ridges,while that of Widmanst？tten microstructure is covered with rough block-like facets and dimples and tear *** α phase boundaries and α/β interfaces act as locations for void nucleation and crack arrest and *** decrease in width of α phase lamellae leads to the increase in the amount of boundaries and interfaces,which causes the increase in the consumption of impact energy and results in the improvement in dynamic fracture toughness.

关键词： titanium alloys fracture toughness impact testing microstructure

Understanding the combustion behavior of electric bicycle batteries and unveiling its relationship with fire extinguishing

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 609-618页

作者： Zhanglong yu Xueling Shen Ran Xu Zheng Wang Zengming Wan Mingyang Chen Yi Cui yanyan Fang Xiaoli Ma China Automotive Battery Research Institute Co. Ltd.Beijing 101407China China Grinm Group Co. Ltd.Beijing 100088China Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Equipment Industry Development CenterBeijing 100846China Hefei Guoxuan High-tech Power energy Co. Ltd.Hefei 230000AnhuiChina

In this study,a detailed analysis of the combustion behaviors of the lithium iron phosphate(LFP)and lithium manganese oxide(LMO)batteries used in electric bicycles was *** research included quantitative measurements of the combustion duration,flame height,combustion temperature,heat release rate,and total heat *** results indicated that LMO batteries exhibited higher combustion temperatures of 600–700°C,flame heights of 70–75 cm,a significantly higher heat release rate of40.1 k W(12 Ah),and a total heat release of 1.04 MJ(12 Ah)compared to LFP batteries with the same *** on these experimental results,a normalized total heat release(NORTHR)parameter was proposed,demonstrating good universality for batteries with different *** this parameter,quantitative calculations and optimization of the extinguishing agent dosage were conducted for fires involving these two types of batteries,and the method was validated by extinguishing fires for these two types of battery packs with water-based extinguishing fluids.

关键词： Combustion behavior Electric bicycle Lithium-ion battery Fire extinguishing Normalized total heat release

Woven fabric triboelectric nanogenerators for human-computer interaction and physical health monitoring

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5540-5548页

作者： yu Miao Mengjuan Zhou Jia Yi yanyan Wang Guangjin Tian Hongxia Zhang Wenlong Huang Wenhao Wang Ronghui Wu Liyun Ma College of Textile and Clothing Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830046China College of Textiles Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620China College of Physics Xiamen UniversityXiamen 201620China Department of Bioengineering Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK

Triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)converts mechanical energy into valuable electrical energy,offering a solution for future energy *** an indispensable part of TENG,textile TENG(T-TENG)has incredible advantages in harvesting biomechanical energy and physiological signal ***,the application of T-TENG is restricted,partly because the fabric structure parameter and structure on T-TENG performance have not been fully *** study comprehensively investigates the effect of weaving structure on fabric TENGs(F-TENGs)for direct-weaving yarn TENGs and post-coating fabric *** direct-weaving F-TENGs,a single-yarn TENG(Y-TENG)with a core-sheath structure is fabricated using conductive yarn as the core layer yarn and polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)filaments as the sheath *** fabrics with five different sets of parameters were designed and *** post-coating F-TENGs,fabrics with weaving structures of plain,twill,satin,and reinforced twill were fabricated and coated with conductive silver ***,the twill F-TENGs have the best electrical outputs,followed by the satin F-TENGs and plain weave ***,the increase of the Y-TENG gap spacing was demonstrated to improve the electrical output ***,T-TENGs are demonstrated for human-computer interaction and self-powered real-time *** systematic work provides guidance for the future T-TENG’s design.

关键词： single-yarn triboelectric nanogenerators woven fabric triboelectric nanogenerators fabric weaving structures and parameters human-computer interaction physical health monitoring

1349例肠道门诊患者院前抗菌药物使用情况调查

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中华实验和临床感染病杂志（电子版） 2024年第1期18卷 19-26页

作者：王哲陈杨徐京杭李六亿樊亚楠纪童童胡可高慧于岩岩北京大学第一医院感染疾病科北京100034 北京大学第一医院总务处物业管理科北京100034 北京大学第一医院感染管理-疾病预防控制处北京100034 北京大学医学部北京100191

目的了解肠道门诊患者院前抗菌药物使用情况,以加强抗菌药物合理使用科普教育,促进抗菌药物的合理应用。方法选取2021年4月1日至10月31日就诊于北京大学第一医院肠道门诊的1349例患者,收集患者人口统计学特征、病程、临床表现、抗菌药... 详细信息

目的了解肠道门诊患者院前抗菌药物使用情况,以加强抗菌药物合理使用科普教育,促进抗菌药物的合理应用。方法选取2021年4月1日至10月31日就诊于北京大学第一医院肠道门诊的1349例患者,收集患者人口统计学特征、病程、临床表现、抗菌药物的使用、实验室检查结果,根据就诊前是否自行使用抗菌药物分为院前用过抗菌药物组(220例)和院前未用过抗菌药物组(1067例),分析就诊前使用抗菌药物组患者的临床特征,进一步分析其应用抗菌药物的合理性;计量资料比较采用t检验或非参数检验,计数资料比较采用χ^(2)检验。结果共入组1349例患者,其中男性681例(50.5%),女性668例(49.5%);平均年龄为(44.5±19.09)岁。220例(16.31%)患者就诊前已使用过抗菌药物,使用喹诺酮类患者最多(110例、50%),其次为头孢菌素类(49例、22.3%)和青霉素类(17例、7.7%)。院前使用过抗菌药物的220例患者中,119例(54.1%)临床不建议其使用抗菌药物。较院前未使用抗菌药物的患者,院前使用过抗菌药物的患者学历在大专及以上的比例高(77.6%vs.67.0%:χ^(2)=9.592、P=0.002),发病至就诊时间更长[34(16,55)h vs.24(10,50)h:Z=-3.935、P24 h者最高体温较高[36.8(36.5,37.5)℃vs.36.6(36.4,37.0)℃:Z=-4.756、P48 h者患者最高体温较高[36.8(36.5,37.4)℃vs.36.6(36.4,36.9)℃:Z=-4.847、P<0.001],出现腹痛(64.4%vs.56.4%:χ^(2)=5.660、P=0.017)、恶心(46.2%vs.31.8%:χ^(2)=17.820、P<0.001)、呕吐(28.3%vs.10.4%:χ^(2)=37.737、P<0.001)和发热(27.5%vs.12.1%:χ^(2)=28.019、P<0.001)比例较高。结论肠道门诊患者院前抗菌药物滥用现象仍存在,需将抗菌药物管理关口前移,可将高学历、中青年人群作为重点教育对象,强调腹泻次数多、体温高等并非抗菌药物适应证,病程长不能作为指导抗菌药物应用的标准。

关键词：肠道门诊腹泻抗菌药物滥用

Novel heterozygous USH1C mutation impacts hair cell mechanotransduction and causes progressive hearing loss

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Science Bulletin 2024年第2期69卷 167-172页

作者： yanyan Jia Gaogan Jia Luo Guo Nan Song yu-Meng Wang Luoying Jiang Yilai Shu Yan Chen Shujia Zhu Huawei Li Wenyan Li ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Eye&ENT Hospital State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai 200031China Institutes of Biomedical Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032China NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine(Fudan University) Shanghai 200031China The Institutes of Brain Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology Shanghai 201210China Institute of Neuroscience State Key Laboratory of NeuroscienceCAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China Department of Cardiology and Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular MedicineXinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai 200092China

Hearing loss is one of the most common sensory disorders worldwide,affecting approximately 466 million people,including 34 million children[1].Genetic mutations accounts for approximately 60%of inherited hearing loss cases[2,3].These genetic changes result in a wide variety of clinical manifestations,ranging from nonsyndromic hearing loss(NSHL)to over 400 syndromes involving hearing loss and from mild adult-onset hearing loss to profound congenital deafness,covering the entire spectrum of Mendelian inheritance.

关键词： mec hearing approximate

Reconstructing prehistoric land use change from archeological data:Validation and application of a new model in Yiluo valley,northern China

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Reconstructing prehistoric land use change from archeologica...

中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所2012年度（第12届）学术年会

作者： yanyan yu Zhengtang Guo Haibin Wu Peter A.Finke Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Science Department of Geology and Soil Science University of GhentKrijgslaan 2819000 GhentBelgium

Estimation of land use during the Holocene is crucial to understand impacts of human activity on climate change in preindustrial *** now it is still a key issue to reconstruct amount and spatial distribution of prehistoric land use due to lack of *** reconstructions are simply extrapolations of population,cleared land amount per person and land suitability for *** this study,a new quantitative prehistoric land use model(PLUM) is developed based on semi-quantitative predictive models of archeological *** PLUM is driven by environmental and social parameters of archeological sites, which are objective evidences of prehistoric human activity,and produces realistic patterns of land use. After successful validation of the model with modern observed data,the PLUM was applied to reconstruct land use from 8 to 4ka *** Yiluo valley,one of the most important agriculture origin centers in northern *** reveal that about 2-9%of land area in the valley was used by human activity from 8 to 4 ka B.P.,expanding from gentle slopes along the river to hinterlands in middle and lower parts of the *** land cover was affected by increasing agricultural land use during the middle Holocene.

关键词： Human activity Prehistoric Land use Holocene

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人口结构失衡与日本地域福利政策的发展

城市发展研究 2013年第2期20卷 57-61+70页

作者：于燕燕北京市社会科学院城市所

由于日本内外政治、社会环境的变化,日本社会正被三大危机所困扰,而人口结构失衡危机是日本社会出现一系列危机的重要原因,人口结构失衡对日本的经济社会发展产生了重大影响。积极构建稳定的社会安全网、发展地域福利政策是日本进行社... 详细信息

由于日本内外政治、社会环境的变化,日本社会正被三大危机所困扰,而人口结构失衡危机是日本社会出现一系列危机的重要原因,人口结构失衡对日本的经济社会发展产生了重大影响。积极构建稳定的社会安全网、发展地域福利政策是日本进行社会结构性改革的重要手段,为了使得日本的地域福利计划向契约化、多元化、分权化、综合化等新体系过渡,日本进行了社会福利法等相关法律的修订,并确立了新的地域福利发展框架。

关键词：人口结构失衡地域福利