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NaOH/PMS对MBR中空平板陶瓷膜的化学清洗特性

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中国给水排水 2024年第15期40卷 16-22页

作者：田家宇司文艳耿明月刘禧文高珊珊河北工业大学土木与交通学院天津300401

膜生物反应器(MBR)的不可逆膜污染是限制其长效稳定运行的关键因素,而传统次氯酸钠(NaClO)清洗可能加剧MBR系统后续膜污染。为此,针对中空平板陶瓷膜MBR提出了一种碱活化过一硫酸盐(PMS)的免氯化学清洗方法。在PMS浓度为1.0 mmol/L和NaO... 详细信息

膜生物反应器(MBR)的不可逆膜污染是限制其长效稳定运行的关键因素,而传统次氯酸钠(NaClO)清洗可能加剧MBR系统后续膜污染。为此,针对中空平板陶瓷膜MBR提出了一种碱活化过一硫酸盐(PMS)的免氯化学清洗方法。在PMS浓度为1.0 mmol/L和NaOH浓度为0.03 mol/L时,化学清洗效率达到70.9%,优于相同条件下NaClO的清洗效果(60.6%)。NaOH/PMS体系可优先去除膜表面多糖、蛋白质等大分子物质,并有效剥离滤饼层,从而恢复膜通量。机理分析显示,NaOH/PMS体系中起主要清洗作用的活性物种为单线态氧(1O2)。NaOH/PMS体系的清洗液药剂成本约为1.11元/m3,是一种高效、清洁的陶瓷膜化学清洗方法。

关键词：膜生物反应器平板陶瓷膜化学清洗过一硫酸盐碱活化

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针灸调节固有免疫治疗克罗恩病的研究进展

World Journal of Acupuncture-Moxibustion 2024年第2期34卷 83-88页

作者：谢静王文佳侯瑜超廖欧萍黄思维陆佳婧刘慧荣黄艳李璟吴焕淦上海中医药大学附属岳阳中西医结合医院上海200437 上海针灸经络研究所上海200030

Crohn's disease(CD) is an inflammatory bowel disease whose pathogenesis remains *** this paper,we reviewed the basic research of acupuncture and moxibustion in treating CD by regulating intestinal intrinsic immunity,and summarized in more detail that acupuncture and moxibustion can regulate the intestinal intrinsic immune system through the intestinal epithelial cell barrier,monocytes/macrophages,natural killer cells(NK cells),dendritic cells(DC),and ***,acupuncture and moxibustion can reduce the expression of inflammatory factors in the intestinal mucosa,alleviate intestinal fibrosis to repair the mechanical barrier of the intestinal mucosa,inhibit the expression of molecules of the MAPK,TLR/NF-κB signaling pathway and inflammatory factors,block the NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity pathway,and prevent the overactivation of neutrophils to control inflammatory responses,repairing the damaged intestinal tract and alleviating CD *** paper illustrated the characteristics of acupuncture and moxibustion for CD,which involves multi targets and pathways,aiming to provide guidance for the clinical application and basic research of acupuncture and moxibustion for *** also pointed out the current drawbacks of acupuncture and moxibustion therapy,and finally proposing the shortcomings of the current research,including the insufficient number of studies on acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of CD through the modulation of NK cells and neutrophils,the lack of standardization in acupuncture point selection,duration and treatment course,and the geographical limitations of the research locations for acupuncture and moxibustion in treating CD.

关键词： Crohn's disease Innateimmunity Acupuncture Moxibustion

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面向漏洞检测模型的强化学习式对抗攻击方法

软件学报 2024年第8期35卷 3647-3667页

作者：陈思然吴敬征凌祥罗天悦刘镓煜武延军中国科学院软件研究所智能软件研究中心北京100190 中国科学院大学北京100049 计算机科学国家重点实验室(中国科学院软件研究所) 北京100190

基于深度学习的代码漏洞检测模型因其检测效率高和精度准的优势,逐步成为检测软件漏洞的重要方法,并在代码托管平台GitHub的代码审计服务中发挥重要作用.然而,深度神经网络已被证明容易受到对抗攻击的干扰,这导致基于深度学习的漏洞检... 详细信息

基于深度学习的代码漏洞检测模型因其检测效率高和精度准的优势,逐步成为检测软件漏洞的重要方法,并在代码托管平台GitHub的代码审计服务中发挥重要作用.然而,深度神经网络已被证明容易受到对抗攻击的干扰,这导致基于深度学习的漏洞检测模型存在遭受攻击、降低检测准确率的风险.因此,构建针对漏洞检测模型的对抗攻击不仅可以发掘此类模型的安全缺陷,而且有助于评估模型的鲁棒性,进而通过相应的方法提升模型性能.但现有的面向漏洞检测模型的对抗攻击方法依赖于通用的代码转换工具,并未提出针对性的代码扰动操作和决策算法,因此难以生成有效的对抗样本,且对抗样本的合法性依赖于人工检查.针对上述问题,提出了一种面向漏洞检测模型的强化学习式对抗攻击方法.该方法首先设计了一系列语义约束且漏洞保留的代码扰动操作作为扰动集合;其次,将具备漏洞的代码样本作为输入,利用强化学习模型选取具体的扰动操作序列;最后,根据代码样本的语法树节点类型寻找扰动的潜在位置,进行代码转换,从而生成对抗样本.基于SARD和NVD构建了两个实验数据集,共14278个代码样本,并以此训练了4个具备不同特点的漏洞检测模型作为攻击目标.针对每个目标模型,训练了一个强化学习网络进行对抗攻击.结果显示,该攻击方法导致模型的召回率降低了74.34%,攻击成功率达到96.71%,相较基线方法,攻击成功率平均提升了68.76%.实验证明了当前的漏洞检测模型存在被攻击的风险,需要进一步研究提升模型的鲁棒性.

关键词：对抗攻击漏洞检测强化学习代码转换

Impact of cognition-related single nucleotide polymorphisms on brain imaging phenotype in Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第5期18卷 1154-1160页

作者： Ting Shen jia-Li Pu Ya-si jiang yu-Mei yue Ting-Ting He Bo-yi Qu Shuai Zhao Ya-Ping yan Hsin-yi Lai Bao-rong Zhang Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Neurology of sir Run Run Shaw Hospital Zhejiang University School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of EducationZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina

Multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms may contribute to cognitive decline in Parkinson’s disease. However, the mechanism by which these single nucleotide polymorphisms modify brain imaging phenotype remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential effects of multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms on brain imaging phenotype in Parkinson’s disease. Forty-eight Parkinson’s disease patients and 39 matched healthy controls underwent genotyping and 7 T magnetic resonance imaging. A cognitive-weighted polygenic risk score model was designed, in which the effect sizes were determined individually for 36 single nucleotide polymorphisms. The correlations between polygenic risk score, neuroimaging features, and clinical data were analyzed. Furthermore, individual single nucleotide polymorphism analysis was performed to explore the main effects of genotypes and their interactive effects with Parkinson’s disease diagnosis. We found that, in Parkinson’s disease, the polygenic risk score was correlated with the neural activity of the hippocampus, parahippocampus, and fusiform gyrus, and with hippocampal-prefrontal and fusiform-temporal connectivity, as well as with gray matter alterations in the orbitofrontal cortex. In addition, we found that single nucleotide polymorphisms in α-synuclein(SNCA) were associated with white matter microstructural changes in the superior corona radiata, corpus callosum, and external capsule. A single nucleotide polymorphism in catechol-O-methyltransferase was associated with the neural activities of the lingual, fusiform, and occipital gyri, which are involved in visual cognitive dysfunction. Furthermore, DRD3 was associated with frontal and temporal lobe function and structure. In conclusion, imaging genetics is useful for providing a better understanding of the genetic pathways involved in the pathophysiologic processes underlying Parkinson’s disease. This study provides evidence of an association between genetic factors

关键词： cognition imaging genetics magnetic resonance imaging multi-modality Parkinson’s disease polygenic risk score single nucleotide polymorphism ultra-high field

Bimodal growth of Fe islands on graphene

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第6期33卷 553-557页

作者：顾翊晟俞俏滟刘荡孙蓟策席瑞骏陈星森薛莎莎章毅杜宪宁旭辉杨浩管丹丹刘晓雪刘亮李耀义王世勇刘灿华郑浩贾金锋 Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control TD Lee InstituteShenyang National Laboratory for Materials ScienceSchool of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Physics Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Quantum Science Center of guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area(guangdong) Shenzhen 518045China

Magnetic metals deposited on graphene hold the key to applications in spintronics. Here, we present the results of Fe islands grown on graphene/si C(0001) by molecular beam epitaxy, which are investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy. The two types of islands distinguished by flat or round tops are revealed, indicating bimodal growth of Fe. The atomic structures on the top surfaces of flat islands are also clearly resolved. Our results may improve the understanding of the mechanisms of metals deposited on graphene and pave the way for future spintronic applications of Fe/graphene systems.

关键词： graphene magnetism molecular beam epitaxy scanning tunneling microscopy

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安装倾斜对轴系推力轴承润滑性能的影响

化工自动化及仪表 2024年第5期51卷 956-962页

作者：曹延军贾谦余思倩郑钰波郑机所(郑州)传动科技有限公司西安交通大学机械工程学院西安交通大学城市学院机械工程学院机器人与智能制造陕西工程研究中心舌肌康复智能机器人系统陕西高校青年创新团队

针对金斯伯里平衡块式推力轴承,给出了在轴线偏斜时各瓦块的载荷分配方程。建立了推力轴承润滑性能的计算模型,给出了最小油膜厚度、最大温度、流量及功耗等润滑性能参数的计算方法,获得了轴线偏斜下金斯伯里推力轴承润滑性能的计算流... 详细信息

针对金斯伯里平衡块式推力轴承,给出了在轴线偏斜时各瓦块的载荷分配方程。建立了推力轴承润滑性能的计算模型,给出了最小油膜厚度、最大温度、流量及功耗等润滑性能参数的计算方法,获得了轴线偏斜下金斯伯里推力轴承润滑性能的计算流程。计算分析了金斯伯里推力基本润滑性能随转速、载荷变化的规律以及轴线向轴承瓦块支点偏斜(偏斜角度在5~20′)时的轴承瓦块的载荷、最小膜厚和油膜最高温度。研究结果表明:最小膜厚、流量、功耗、最大弹性变形、最大热变形等参数对转速和载荷的变化均较为敏感,油膜最高温度对转速和载荷的变化都不太敏感;轴线发生偏斜后,对最小膜厚的影响较大,对油膜最高温度的影响不大,偏斜角度为20′后轴承仍能正常工作。

关键词：轴线偏斜推力轴承均载性润滑性能

人参、石菖蒲及其药对防治阿尔茨海默症的药理作用研究进展

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中国药理学通报 2024年第5期40卷 817-822页

作者：祝雨辰邝柏宇梁金萍裴晓蕾赵佳柱楚世峰陈乃宏杨岩涛湖南中医药大学药学院湖南长沙410208 湖南省中药饮片标准化及功能工程技术研究中心湖南长沙410208

阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer′s disease,AD)病因复杂,发病机制尚未完全阐明,现有药物仅能缓解其症状,亟待研发有效的治疗药物。作为补虚药及开窍药的代表药物,人参及石菖蒲均有提高记忆力、改善学习能力及减轻认知障碍的药理作用,是中医治... 详细信息

阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer′s disease,AD)病因复杂,发病机制尚未完全阐明,现有药物仅能缓解其症状,亟待研发有效的治疗药物。作为补虚药及开窍药的代表药物,人参及石菖蒲均有提高记忆力、改善学习能力及减轻认知障碍的药理作用,是中医治疗痴呆症的常用药物。人参-石菖蒲药对联用可促进活性成分入脑发挥药效,并通过抗炎、抗氧化应激、调节神经元-突触可塑性等多途径延缓AD进程,具有多层次、多系统和多靶点的作用特点。该文尝试总结现有研究成果,为进一步探讨人参、石菖蒲的联用,实现协同增效的作用机制以及配伍的量效关系奠定基础,为研制防治AD的中药创新药物提供科学依据。

关键词：人参石菖蒲药对阿尔茨海默病作用机制学习记忆

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MicroRNA-365 Knockdown Prevents Ischemic Neuronal Injury by Activating Oxidation Resistance 1-Mediated Antioxidant signals

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2019年第5期35卷 815-825页

作者： jia-Lin Mo Zhi-guang Pan Xiao Chen yu lei Ling-Ling Lv Cheng Qian Feng-yan Sun Department of Neurobiology and Institute for Basic Research on Aging and Medicine School of Basic Medical Sciences Fudan University Shanghai 200032 China Department of Neurosurgery National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine Huashan Hospital Shanghai Medical College Fudan University Shanghai 200032 China State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology School of Basic Medical Sciences Fudan University Shanghai 200032 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine Research Center on Aging and Medicine Shanghai Medical College Fudan University Shanghai 200032 China

Micro RNA-365(mi R-365) is upregulated in the ischemic brain and is involved in oxidative damage in the diabetic rat. However, it is unclear whether mi R-365 regulates oxidative stress(OS)-mediated neuronal damage after ischemia. Here, we used a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion model in rats and the hydrogen peroxide-induced OS model in primary cultured neurons to assess the roles of mi R-365 in neuronal damage. We found that mi R-365 exacerbated ischemic brain injury and OS-induced neuronal damage and was associated with a reduced expression of OXR1(Oxidation Resistance 1). In contrast, mi R-365 antagomir alleviated both the brain injury and OXR1 reduction. Luciferase assays indicated that mi R-365 inhibited OXR1 expression by directly targeting the 30-untranslated region of Oxr1. Furthermore, knockdown of OXR1 abolished the neuroprotective and antioxidant effects of the mi R-365 antagomir. Our results suggest that mi R-365 upregulationincreases oxidative injury by inhibiting OXR1 expression,while its downregulation protects neurons from oxidative death by enhancing OXR1-mediated antioxidant signals.

关键词： MicroRNA Ischemic stroke Neuronal damage Oxidative stress Neuroprotection

GH3536合金电渣重熔铸锭微观组织演变行为

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中国冶金 2024年第4期34卷 59-71,87页

作者：鄢宇灿谷雨贾雷赵朋李明宇杨树峰北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院北京100083 北京钢研高纳科技股份有限公司变形高温合金制品事业部北京100081 北京科技大学协同创新中心北京100083

由于高温合金铸锭由外向内凝固的原因,铸锭不同部位的冷却条件存在差异。当铸锭尺寸增大时,铸锭内部元素偏析情况加剧并产生粗大的析出相。为合理控制GH3536合金电渣重熔(ESR)铸锭内碳化物分布,为铸锭大型化发展提供理论基础,研究了铸... 详细信息

由于高温合金铸锭由外向内凝固的原因,铸锭不同部位的冷却条件存在差异。当铸锭尺寸增大时,铸锭内部元素偏析情况加剧并产生粗大的析出相。为合理控制GH3536合金电渣重熔(ESR)铸锭内碳化物分布,为铸锭大型化发展提供理论基础,研究了铸锭不同部位元素偏析及碳化物的演变过程。结合实际工业生产情况,在实验室条件下采取定向凝固试验和MeltFlow-ESR有限元数值模拟等方法,研究了冷却速率和碳化物形貌及二次枝晶间距之间的关系。结果表明,凝固过程中Mo、W、Cr元素的偏析是碳化物形成的重要原因;随着冷却速率的提高,二次枝晶间距与碳化物面积分数均降低,较低的冷却速率使枝晶间距增大,易于形成M6C/M23C6复合型碳化物;其中一次枝晶间距λ1与冷却速率R_(c)呈λ_(1)=396.78G^(-0.5)Rc^(-0.25)的正比例关系(G为凝固界面前沿的温度梯度),二次枝晶间距λ_(2)与冷却速率呈λ_(2)=102.74Rc^(-0.36)的指数关系。对比工业铸锭生产情况与实际模拟结果发现,所得试验结果与数值模拟结果对应良好;进一步研究发现,熔化速率为230 kg/h时有利于获得均匀致密的凝固组织。

关键词：镍基高温合金复合型碳化物冷却速率凝固偏析有限元模拟