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Precursor engineering enables high-performance all-inorganic CsPbIBr_(2) perovskite solar cells with a record efficiency approaching 13%

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第3期90卷 16-22,I0003页

作者： Qingyan chang yidan An Huaiman Cao yuzhen Pan Liangyu Zhao yulong Chen yi We Sai-Wing Tsang Hin-Lap yip Licheng Sun Ze yu State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology(DUT)Dalian 116024LiaoningChina Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloon 999077Hong KongChina School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology(DUT)Dalian 116024LiaoningChina Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser Ionand Electron Beams(Ministry of Education)Dalian University of Technology(DUT)Dalian 116024LiaoningChina School of Energy and Environment City University of Hong KongKowloon 999077Hong KongChina Center of Artificial Photosynthesis for Solar Fuels and Department of Chemistry School of ScienceWestlake UniversityHangzhou 310024ZhejiangChina Department of Chemistry School of Engineering Sciences in ChemistryBiotechnology and HealthKTH Royal Institute of Technology10044 StockholmSweden

All-inorganic CsPbIBr_(2) perovskite has attracted widespread attention in photovoltaic and other optoelectronic devices because of its superior thermal ***,the deposition of high-quality solutionprocessed CsPbIBr_(2) perovskite films with large thicknesses remains ***,we develop a triple-component precursor(TCP) by employing lead bromide,lead iodide,and cesium bromide,to replace the most commonly used double-component precursor(DCP) consisting of lead bromide and cesium ***,the TCP system significantly increases the solution concentration to 1.3 M,leading to a larger film thickness(~390 nm) and enhanced light *** resultant CsPbIBr_(2) films were evaluated in planar n-i-p structured solar cells,which exhibit a considerably higher optimal photocurrent density of 11.50 mA cm^(-2) in comparison to that of DCP-based devices(10.69 mA cm^(-2)).By adopting an organic surface passivator,the maximum device efficiency using TCP is further boosted to a record efficiency of 12.8% for CsPbIBr_(2) perovskite solar cells.

关键词： All-inorganic perovskite solar cells CsPbIBr_(2) Precursor engineering Solubility High performance

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Mathematical Model,Numerical Simulation and Convergence Analysis of a Semiconductor Device Problem with Heat and Magnetic Influences

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2024年第2期40卷 302-319页

作者： chang-feng LI yi-rang yuAN Huai-ling SONG School of Economics Shandong UniversityJinan 250100China Institute of Mathematics Shandong UniversityJinan 250100China College of Mathematics and Econometrics Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

In this paper,the authors discuss a three-dimensional problem of the semiconductor device type involved its mathematical description,numerical simulation and theoretical *** important factors,heat and magnetic influences are *** mathematical model is formulated by four nonlinear partial differential equations(PDEs),determining four major physical *** influences of magnetic fields are supposed to be weak,and the strength is parallel to the *** elliptic equation is treated by a block-centered method,and the law of conservation is *** computational accuracy is improved one *** equations are convection-dominated,thus are approximated by upwind block-centered *** difference can eliminate numerical dispersion and nonphysical *** diffusion is approximated by the block-centered difference,while the convection term is treated by upwind ***,the unknowns and adjoint functions are computed at the same *** characters play important roles in numerical computations of conductor device *** the theories of priori analysis such as energy estimates,the principle of duality and mathematical inductions,an optimal estimates result is *** a composite numerical method is shown for solving this problem.

关键词： three-dimensional conductor device problem with heat and magnetic influences upwind blockcentered differences elemental conservation of mass numerical analysis

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Amplification effect of intra-seasonal variability of soil moisture on heat extremes over Eurasia

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Advances in Climate change Research 2024年第1期15卷 1-8页

作者： yi-Nuo WANG Zhi-Yan ZUO Liang QIAO Kai-Wen ZHANG Mei-yu chang Dong XIAO Zou-Xing LIN Huan WANG Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Institute of Atmospheric SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China CMA-FDU Joint Laboratory of Marine Meteorology Shanghai 200438China Key Laboratory of Cites Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate change in Shanghai China Meteorological AdministrationShanghai 200030China Collaborative Innovation Centeron Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 211800China Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Atmosphere-Ocean Interaction Shanghai 200123China College of Geography and Resources Science Sichuan Normal UniversityChengdu 610101China National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary Shanghai 202183China Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China

Drying soil has been conducive to a high frequency of extreme high-temperature events over many regions worldwide in recent ***,changes in the intraseasonal variability of soil moisture can also influence the likelihood of extremely high *** previous investigators have examined the association between extremely high temperatures and large-scale atmospheric circulation variability,the role of land-atmosphere coupling dominated by soil moisture variability in extremely high temperatures,particularly over the Eurasian continent,is not well *** this study,on the basis of the Land Surface,Snow,and Soil Moisture Model Intercomparison Project,we found that land-atmosphere feedback amplified the variability of soil moisture in most regions of Eurasia during summer from 1980 to *** amplification of soil moisture variability is closely correlated with more intensive intraseasonal variability of surface air temperature and more frequent occurrences of extreme high-temperature events,particularly in Europe,Siberia,Northeast Asia,and the Indochina *** correlation implies that increasing the intraseasonal variability of soil moisture results in a high likelihood of heat extremes during summer in most parts of Eurasia except Asian desert *** the intraseasonal timescale,the land-atmosphere coupling increases the variability of surface sensible heat flux and net long-wave radiation heating the atmosphere by intensifying the soil moisture variability,thus amplifying the variability of surface air temperature and enhancing the extreme high-temperature *** finding demonstrates the importance of changes in intraseasonal soil moisture variability for the increasing likelihood of heat extremes in summer.

关键词： Soil moisture Intraseasonal variability Land-atmosphere coupling Heat extremes

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Near real-time gravitational wave data analysis of the massive black hole binary with TianQin

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第7期67卷 175-186页

作者： Hong-yu Chen Xiang-yu Lyu En-Kun Li yi-Ming Hu MOE Key Laboratory of TianQin Mission TianQin Research Center for Gravitational Physics&School of Physics and AstronomyFrontiers Science Center for TianQinGravitational Wave Research Center of CNSASun Yat-sen University(Zhuhai Campus)Zhuhai 519082China

Space-borne gravitational wave(GW)detectors can detect the merger of massive black *** early warning and localization of GW events before merging can be used to inform electromagnetic telescopes and conduct multimessenger ***,this requires real-time data transmission and analysis *** geocentric orbit of the space-borne GW detector Tian Qin makes it possible to conduct real-time data *** this study,we develop a search and localization pipeline for massive black hole binaries(MBHBs)with Tian Qin under both regular and real-time data transmission *** demonstrate that,with real-time data transmission,MBHBs can be accurately localized on the *** the approaching merger,each analysis can be finished in only 40 *** an MBHB system at a distance of 1 Gpc,if we receive data every hour,then we can pinpoint its location to within less than 1 deg^(2)on the final day before the merger.

关键词： gravitational wave detectors and experiments black holes data analysis algorithms and implementation data management

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Ultrasmall copper-based clusterzymes ameliorate Achilles tendinopathy by inhibiting acute oxidative stress

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5374-5389页

作者： Xuzhuo Chen yi Du Yazi Huang Xianhao Zhou Xinru Xie chang Li Chen Zhao Fengrong Dai Xijiao yu Shanyong Zhang Department of Oral Surgery Shanghai Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNational Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of StomatologyShanghai Research Institute of StomatologyShanghai 200011China Department of Endodontics Central LaboratoryJinan Stomatological HospitalJinan Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue RegenerationShandong Provincial Health Commission Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Tissue RegenerationJinan 250001China State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002China Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and EnvironmentGuangdong Ocean UniversityZhanjiang 524088China Department of Orthopedics Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic ImplantShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200011China

Tendinopathy is a prevalent musculoskeletal disorder,accounting for over 30%of musculoskeletal ***,current therapeutic strategies for tendinopathy are limited and often yield unsatisfactory clinical ***,there is a critical need to explore novel therapeutic approaches with minimal side effects for tendinopathy and its early *** this study,we successfully designed and synthesized a copper(I)-based nanocluster,named Cu_(11),which possesses remarkable enzyme-like and ROS-scavenging *** unique combination of properties qualifies Cu_(11)as an attractive anti-inflammatory and anti-ROS *** Cu_(11)clusterzymes specifically target mitochondria,effectively scavenging excessive reactive oxygen species(ROS)and reducing oxidative ***,Cu_(11)clusterzymes inhibit the activation of key signaling pathways involved in inflammation,namely tumor necrosis factor(TNF),mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK),and nuclear factor(NF)-κB,leading to a decrease in the release of proinflammatory ***,our in vivo experiments using a collagenase-induced acute Achilles tendinopathy model demonstrated that Cu_(11)clusterzymes effectively alleviate inflammation and oxidative stress,without causing systemic *** study highlights the potential of copper-based clusterzymes as therapeutic agents for the treatment of Achilles tendinopathy and other inflammatory *** unique enzyme-like and ROS-scavenging activities of Cu_(11)make it a promising candidate for further development and clinical translation.

关键词： nanoclusters clusterzymes oxidative stress tendinopathy reactive oxygen species(ROS)

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MSADCN:Multi-Scale Attentional Densely Connected Network for Automated Bone Age Assessment

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 2225-2243页

作者： Yanjun yu Lei yu Huiqi Wang Haodong Zheng yi Deng College of Computer and Information Science Chongqing Normal UniversityChongqing401331China College of Mathematics and Statistics Chongqing UniversityChongqing401331China

Bone age assessment(BAA)helps doctors determine how a child’s bones grow and develop in clinical *** BAA methods rely on clinician expertise,leading to time-consuming predictions and inaccurate *** deep learning-based BAA methods feed the extracted critical points of images into the network by providing additional *** operation is costly and *** address these problems,we propose a multi-scale attentional densely connected network(MSADCN)in this *** constructs a multi-scale dense connectivity mechanism,which can avoid overfitting,obtain the local features effectively and prevent gradient vanishing even in limited training ***,MSADCN designs multi-scale structures in the densely connected network to extract fine-grained features at different ***,coordinate attention is embedded to focus on critical features and automatically locate the regions of interest(ROI)without additional *** addition,to improve the model’s generalization,transfer learning is applied to train the proposed MSADCN on the public dataset IMDB-WIKI,and the obtained pre-trained weights are loaded onto the Radiological Society of North America(RSNA)***,label distribution learning(LDL)and expectation regression techniques are introduced into our model to exploit the correlation between hand bone images of different ages,which can obtain stable age *** experiments confirm that our model can converge more efficiently and obtain a mean absolute error(MAE)of 4.64 months,outperforming some state-of-the-art BAA methods.

关键词： Bone age assessment deep learning attentional densely connected network muti-scale

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Self-adaptive gas flow and phase change behaviors during hydrate exploitation by alternate injection of N2 and CO_(2)

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 2120-2129页

作者： Bo-Jian Cao yi-Fei Sun Hong-Nan Chen Jin-Rong Zhong Ming-Long Wang Ming Wang chang-yu Sun Guang-Jin Chen State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Changsha University of Science&TechnologyChangsha410114HunanChina

Since hydrate resources play a part of the stratigraphic framework structure in sediments,establishing a safe and economic method for hydrates exploitation remains the primary challenge to this *** the proposed methods,the spontaneous displacement of CH_(4) from hydrate cages by CO_(2) seems to be a perfect mechanism to address gas production and CO_(2) storage,especially in today's strong demand for carbon reduction and replacing clean *** extensive lab researches,in the past decade,injecting a mixture of CO_(2) and small molecule gas has become a key means to enhance displacement efficiency and has great potential for ***,there is a lack of in-depth research on gas flow in the reservoir,while the injected gas always passes through low-saturated hydrate areas with high permeability and then occurs gas channel in a short term,finally resulting in the decreases in gas production efficiency and produced gas ***,we explored a new injection-production mode of alternate injection of N2 and CO_(2) in order to fully coordinate the advantages of N2 in enhanced hydrate decomposition and CO_(2) in solid storage and heat *** alternate"taking"and"storing"processes perfectly repair the problem of the gas channel,achieving self-regulation effect of CH_(4) recovery and CO_(2) *** 3-D experimental results show that compared to the mixed gas injection,CH_(4) recovery is increased by>50%and CO_(2) storage is increased by>70%.Additionally,this alternate injection mode presented a better performance in CH_(4) concentration of produced gas and showed outstanding N2 utilization ***,we analyzed its self-adaptive gas flow mechanism and proposed an application model of"one injection and multiple production".We look forward to this study accelerating the application of CO_(2)-CH_(4) replacement technology.

关键词： Hydrate Replacement CH_(4) recovery CO_(2)storage Reservoir remediation

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A visual modeling method for spatiotemporal and multidimensional features in epidemiological analysis:Applied COVID-19 aggregated datasets

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Computational Visual Media 2024年第1期10卷 161-186页

作者： yu Dong Christy Jie Liang yi Chen Jie Hua School of Computer Science University of Technology SydneySydneyNSW2007Australia Beijing Key Laboratory of Big Data Technology for Food Safety Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing100048China

The visual modeling method enables flexible interactions with rich graphical depictions of data and supports the exploration of the complexities of epidemiological ***,most epidemiology visualizations do not support the combined analysis of objective factors that might influence the transmission situation,resulting in a lack of quantitative and qualitative *** address this issue,we developed a portrait-based visual modeling method called+*** method considers the spatiotemporal features of virus transmission patterns and multidimensional features of objective risk factors in communities,enabling portrait-based exploration and comparison in epidemiological *** applied+msRNAer to aggregate COVID-19-related datasets in New South Wales,Australia,combining COVID-19 case number trends,geo-information,intervention events,and expert-supervised risk factors extracted from local government area-based *** perfected the+msRNAer workflow with collaborative views and evaluated its feasibility,effectiveness,and usefulness through one user study and three subject-driven case *** feedback from experts indicates that+msRNAer provides a general understanding for analyzing comprehension that not only compares relationships between cases in time-varying and risk factors through portraits but also supports navigation in fundamental geographical,timeline,and other factor *** adopting interactions,experts discovered functional and practical implications for potential patterns of long-standing community factors regarding the vulnerability faced by the *** confirmed that+msRNAer is expected to deliver visual modeling benefits with spatiotemporal and multidimensional features in other epidemiological analysis scenarios.

关键词： visual modeling epidemiological analysis spatiotemporal multidimensional COVID-19

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Simulating the GRF of Humanoid Robot Vertical Jumping Using a Simplified Model with a Foot Structure for Foot Design

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第1期21卷 112-125页

作者： Chuanku yi Xuechao Chen yu Zhang Zhangguo yu Haoxiang Qi Yaliang Liu Qiang Huang School of Mechatronical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyZizhuyaunHaidianBeijing 100081China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems Beijing Institute of Tec

There are many theories and tools for human or robot motion simulation,but most of them require complex *** LNZN model(a simplified model named by the proposers)simplifies the human model and facilitates simulation of the Ground Reaction Force(GRF)of body landing by spring damping model and ignoring joint rotation movements,which can reduce the amount of computation *** this paper,the LNZN model of human running is selected as the basis and is modified to obtain the LNZN model of a robot,which expands the application of the LNZN *** to the structure of the human foot,a foot structure is then added to the simplified model to reduce the *** also applied driving forces to the new model to simulate the whole high jump motion of the robot to expand the functions of the LNZN *** obtained GRF data were anastomotic to the actual experimental *** addition,the effects of variables,such as the mass,hardness,and damping,of the foot on the GRF at the moment of landing were also ***,based on the guidelines obtained for the design of the robot’s foot structure,we fabricated new robot’s feet and installed them on the actual robot and achieved a better cushioning effect than the original foot in experiments.

关键词： LNZN model-GRF simulation Humanoid foot structure Foot parameters

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Exploring changes of precipitation extremes under climate change through global variable-resolution modeling

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Science Bulletin 2024年第2期69卷 237-247页

作者： Wei Sun Jian Li Rucong yu Nina Li yi Zhang State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China Institute of Tibetan Plateau Meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationChengdu 610072China Department of Atmospheric Science Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China National Meteorological Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China 2035 Future Laboratory PIESAT Information Technology Co.Ltd.Beijing 100105China

Understanding the responses of precipitation extremes to global climate change remains limited owing to their poor representations in models and complicated interactions with multi-scale *** we take the record-breaking precipitation over China in 2021 as an example,and study its changes under three different climate scenarios through a developed pseudo-global-warming(PGW)experimental framework with 60-3 km variable-resolution global ensemble *** to the present climate,the precipitation extreme under a warmer(cooler)climate increased(decreased)in intensity,coverage,and total amount at a range of 24.3%-37.8%(18.7%-56.1%).With the help of the proposed PGW experimental framework,we further reveal the impacts of the multi-scale system interactions in climate change on the precipitation *** the warmer climate,large-scale water vapor transport converged from double typhoons and the subtropical high marched into central China,enhancing the convective energy and instability on the leading edge of the transport *** a result,the mesoscale convective system(Mcs)that directly contributed to the precipitation extreme became stronger than that in the present *** the contrary,the cooler climate displayed opposite changing characteristics relative to the warmer climate,ranging from the large-scale systems to local environments and to the *** summary,our study provides a promising approach to scientifically assess the response of precipitation extremes to climate change,making it feasible to perform ensemble simulations while investigating the multi-scale system interactions over the globe.

关键词： Precipitation extreme Climate change Pseudo-global-warming experiment Variable-resolution modeling Multi-scale system interaction

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