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Kinetic Analysis on Pyrolysis Characteristics of Butene Isomer Fuels with CO_(2) Additions

Journal of Thermal Science 2022年第5期31卷 1604-1621页

作者： CHEN Chen ZHAO Rui ying yaoyao LIU Dong MIIT Key Laboratory of Thermal Control of Electronic Equipment School of Energy and Power EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing210094China Advanced Combustion Laboratory School of Energy and Power EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing210094China

This article compared the pyrolysis characteristics of butene isomer fuels(n-butene,trans-2-butene,isobutene)under CO_(2) *** focus of the study was on the impacts of fuels isomerization and CO_(2) chemistry on the formation of important pyrolysis intermediate products under two temperature conditions(at 1273 K and 1573 K).The results demonstrated that at 1273 K,the concentrations of all products in isobutene pyrolysis were significantly lower than those of the corresponding products formed by the pyrolysis of n-butene and trans-2-butene in the process of fuels *** generation or consumption rate of each species was arranged from high to low as n-butene>trans-2-butene>*** 1573 K,the chemical effect of CO_(2) could inhibit the consumption of ethylene(C_(2)H_(4)),promote the formation of diacetylene(C_(4)H_(2)),and inhibit the formation of acetylene(C_(2)H_(2))and benzene(A_(1)).During the pyrolysis of n-butene at 1573 K,the chemical effect of CO_(2) was mainly reflected in changes of the consumption paths of C_(2)H_(2) and benzyl(A_(1)CH_(2)).For trans-2-butene pyrolysis at 1573 K,CO_(2) addition could change the main consumption paths of methyl(CH_(3)),which then inhibited C_(2)H_(2) *** addition,CO_(2) chemical action significantly changed the consumption paths of C_(4)H_(2) and A_(1) in trans-2-butene pyrolysis at 1573 *** for isobutene pyrolysis at 1573 K,the chemical effect of CO_(2) significantly inhibited the production of A_(1) by changing the main consumption paths of C_(2)H_(2) and propargyl(C_(3)H_(3)).

关键词： butene isomers pyrolysis CO_(2) chemical effect

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Soot reduction by addition of dimethyl carbonate in normal and inverse ethylene diffusion flames:Nanostructural evidence

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第10期30卷 107-117页

作者： Chutikarn Paladpokkrong Dong Liu yaoyao ying Wei Wang Rui Zhang MIIT Key Laboratory of Thermal Control of Electronic Equipment School of Energy and Power Engineering Nanjing University of Science & Technology Advanced Combustion Laboratory School of Energy and Power Engineering Nanjing University of Science & Technology

Oxygenated fuel represents an attractive alternative as an additive for reducing soot *** carbonate（DMC） is an oxygenated compound which is a good option to reduce soot,but the detailed characteristics of soot produced from combustion of hydrocarbon fuels blended with DMC are still lacking. The present research studied the nanostructure and reactivity of soot particles in ethylene/DMC normal and inverse diffusion flames. High resolution transmission electron microscopy（HRTEM）, X-ray diffraction（XRD）, and thermogravimetric analysis（TGA）were used to analyze the nanostructure and reactivity of soot. It was found that DMC addition was effective in decreasing the average weights of soot formed in flames. The results of HRTEM images showed that soot particles obtained with DMC addition showed liquid-like material and tight bonding, and exhibited more highly disorganized layers, which give it higher reactivity than soot obtained without DMC addition. Furthermore, HRTEM was used to analyze soot fringe characteristics consisting of fringe tortuosity, fringe length, and fringe separation. XRD was used to crosscheck the results for fringe separation, and was consistent with HRTEM results. In addition, the mass loss curve of TGA experiments showed that DMC addition could enhance the reactivity of soot particles.

关键词： Soot particles Dimethyl carbonate addition Reduction Nanostructure Reactivity

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Effects of dimethyl ether and ethanol additions on soot transition in ethylene counterflow diffusion flames

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 1094-1112页

作者： GUO LinGe ying yaoyao CHEN Chen ZHAO Xuan LIU Dong MIIT Key Laboratory of Thermal Control of Electronic Equipment School of Energy and Power EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Advanced Combustion Laboratory School of Energy and Power EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China

This paper investigates the effect of blending dimethyl ether(DME)and ethanol on the soot transition periods in ethylene counterflow diffusion flames by using a novel optical diagnostic *** soot critical transition point in different conditions is identified experimentally and *** kinds of flames are carried out to gain the soot critical transition point in counterflow diffusion flames by changing oxygen fraction(Xo)and changing volume flow rates of fuel and oxidizer(Qv).The red-green-blue(RGB)ratio method is used to precisely identify the soot critical transition point,and chemical kinetic simulations are performed to analyze the detailed reaction *** results show that compared to the ethylene flame,the soot critical transition point occurs at a higher Xoand a lower Qvwhen DME or ethanol is *** addition of DME and ethanol can inhibit soot formation,due to the degree of soot formation reaction being lower than the degree of the oxidation reaction in the blending flames.

关键词： optical diagnosis sooting tendency counterflow diffusion flame dimethyl ether ethanol

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Nanostructure and reactivity of soot from biofuel 2,5-dimethylfuran pyrolysis with CO_(2) additions

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Frontiers in Energy 2022年第2期16卷 292-306页

作者： Lijie ZHANG Kaixuan YANG Rui ZHAO Mingfei CHEN yaoyao ying Dong LIU MIIT Key Laboratory of Thermal Control of Electronic Equipment Advanced Combustion LaboratorySchool of Energy and Power EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China

This paper investigated the nanostructure and oxidation reactivity of soot generated from biofuel 2,5-dimethylfuran pyrolysis with different CO_(2) additions and different temperatures in a quartz tube flow *** morphology and nanostructure of soot samples were characterized by a low and a high resolution transmission electron spectroscopy(TEM and HRTEM)and an X-ray diffraction(XRD).The oxidation reactivity of these samples was explored by a thermogravimetric analyzer(TGA).Different soot samples were collected in the tail of the *** the increase of temperature,the soot showed a smaller mean particle diameter,a longer fringe length,and a lower fringe tortuosity,as well as a higher degree of ***,the variation of soot nanostructures resulting from different CO_(2) additions was not *** with 0%,50%,and 100%CO_(2) additions at one fixed temperature,the soot collected from the 10%CO_(2) addition has the highest degree of graphization and *** three temperatures of 1173 K,1223 K,and 1273 K,the mean values of fringe length distribution displayed a ranking of 10%CO_(2)>100%CO_(2)>50%CO_(2) while the mean particle diameters showed the same ***,the oxidation reactivity of different soot samples decreased in the ranking of 50%CO_(2) addition>100%CO_(2) addition>10%CO_(2) addition,which was equal to the ranking of mean values of fringe tortuosity *** result further confirmed the close relationship between soot nanostructure and oxidation reactivity.

关键词： 2 5-dimethylfuran pyrolysis soot CO_(2)addition nanostructure reactivity

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Fuel type recognition of ester isomer additives in flames by optical diagnostics coupled with machine learning method

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第11期67卷 3431-3442页

作者： HE Jiaying CHEN MengFei WU BingKun ying yaoyao YAN WeiJie LI TianJiao LIU Dong MIIT Key Laboratory of Thermal Control of Electronic Equipment School of Energy and Power EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Advanced Combustion Laboratory School of Energy and Power EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China

Based on machine learning models,an approach for the type recognition of oxygenated additives(ester isomers,i.e.,methyl butyrate,methyl crotonate,ethyl acrylate,and ethyl acrylate)via optical diagnostics was *** utilizing optical diagnostic methods flame features were extracted,and three models including random forest(RF),artificial neural network(ANN),and support vector machine(SVM),were employed to establish the relationship between flame images and oxygenated ***,the impact of multiple factors on model performance,including image compression,dataset size,and feature number was also *** images of flame obtained from inverse diffusion flame under four different oxygenated additives and various combustion conditions were used as examples to examine the effectiveness of the proposed *** indicated that the accuracy of the recognition of ester isomers by the proposed approach exceeded 90%.Furthermore,it is observed that image compression had minimal impact on prediction accuracy but significantly reduced processing *** types of features contributed to predicting the type of ester isomers variously,and all models exhibited improved accuracy with an increased number of *** number of samples significantly affected model *** investigation of feature missing and insufficient training samples suggested that ANN and RF models were more suitable for cases with many missing features,while SVM was more suitable for dealing with small samples.

关键词： fuel recognition machine learning feature extraction optical diagnostics ester isomers

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Coupled interactive effects of ammonia and hydrogen additions on ethylene diffusion flames: A detailed kinetic study

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 930-948页

作者： XIAO JiaYi XU TingTing SHU ZhiMei DENG QiGe ZHAO Xuan ying yaoyao LI TianJiao LIU Dong MIIT Key Laboratory of Thermal Control of Electronic Equipment School of Energy and Power EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Advanced Combustion Laboratory School of Energy and Power EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing210094China

In order to create effective combustion technologies and fuels with low or no carbon emissions,the research was conducted to assess the coupled interactive effects of NH_(3) and H_(2) additions on ethylene counterflow diffusion flames from a kinetic *** effects of the NH_(3)/H_(2) combination on flame temperatures,major species,key radicals,important intermediate species,representative oxygenated species and NO_xwere *** results of the study utilizing fictitious inert NH_(3) and/or H_(2) revealed the chemical effects of the two *** was found that the NH_(3)/H_(2) coupled effects had a more effective inhibitory effect on soot precursors than the effects of corresponding sum of single NH_(3) or H_(2) *** production of soot precursors was promoted by the coupled chemical effects of NH_(3) and H_(2),but the coupled dilution and thermal effects were observed to have a greater impact,resulting in a decrease of the mole fractions of soot *** for the interaction of NH_(3) and H_(2) effects,the presence of H_(2) decreased the chemical effects of NH_(3) on the augmentation of C_(2)H_(2),A1,A2,and CH_(3)CHO mole *** NH_(3) addition alleviated the H_(2) chemical effects on increasing C_(2)H_(2),C_(3)H_(3),A1 and A2 ***,the NH_(3)chemical effects on C_(3)H_(3),OH and CH_(3)CHO were enhanced when H_(2) was *** presence of NH_(3) augmented the chemical effects of H_(2) on the growth of OH mole ***,the H_(2) chemical effects hindered the production of NO and NO_(2) in the presence of NH_(3).

关键词： NH_(3)/H_(2)addition kinetic analysis coupled interactive effects chemical effects

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Comprehensive kinetic study on ammonia/ethylene counter-flow diffusion flames:influences of diluents

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2024年第1期11卷 232-249页

作者： Zhimei Shu Tingting Xu Jiayi Xiao Qige Deng Xuan Zhao Tianjiao Li yaoyao ying Dong Liu MIIT Key Laboratory of Thermal Control of Electronic Equipment School of Energy and Power EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing210094China Advanced Combustion Laboratory School of Energy and Power EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing210094China

This study aimed to investigate the effects of ammonia addition on ethylene counter-flow diffusion flames with different diluents on the fuel or oxidizer side,using kinetic analyses.A special emphasis was put on assessing the coupled chemical effects of NH_(3) and CO_(2) on C2H4 combustion *** chemical effects could be evaluated by comparing fictitious inert NH_(3) or CO_(2) with normal active NH_(3) or CO_(2).The results revealed that the addition of NH_(3) decreased the mole fractions and production rates of key soot precursors,such as acetylene,propynyl,and *** CO_(2) was used as the dilution gas,the coupled chemical effects of NH_(3) and CO_(2) were affected by the chemical effects of CO_(2) to varying *** the oxidizer-side CO_(2) addition,the coupled chemical effects of NH_(3) and CO_(2) reduced the mole fractions of H,O,OH radicals,acetylene,propynyl,and benzene,while the effects differed from the fuel-side CO_(2) *** coupled chemical effects of NH_(3) and CO_(2) also promoted the formation of aldehyde contaminants,such as acetaldehyde,to some extent,particularly with CO_(2) addition on the oxidizer side.

关键词： Ammonia addition Diluents Coupled chemical effects Kinetic analysis

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Interplay between creeping fat and gut microbiota: A brand-new perspective on fecal microbiota transplantation in Crohn's disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第2期31卷 138-143页

作者： ying Wang Jie Liu Department of Life Sciences and Medicine South District of Endoscopic CenterThe First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of ChinaUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230001Anhui ProvinceChina Department of Gastroenterology The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230001Anhui ProvinceChina

Inflammatory bowel disease,particularly Crohn's disease(CD),has been linked to modifications in mesenteric adipose tissue(MAT)and the phenomenon known as"creeping fat"(CrF).The presence of CrF is believed to serve as a predictor for early clinical recurrence following surgical intervention in patients with ***,the incorporation of the mesentery during ileocolic resection for CD has been correlated with a decrease in surgical recurrence,indicating the significant role of MAT in the pathogenesis of *** numerous studies have indicated that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is a critical factor in the development of CD,the functional implications of translocated microbiota within the MAT of CD patients remain *** manuscript commentary discusses a recent basic research conducted by Wu et *** their study,intestinal bacteria from individuals were transplanted into CD model mice,revealing that fecal microbiota trans-plantation(FMT)from healthy donors alleviated CD symptoms,whereas FMT from CD patients exacerbated these ***,FMT was found to affect intestinal permeability,barrier function,and the levels of proinflammatory factors and ***,these findings suggest that targeting MAT and CrF may hold therapeutic potential for patients with ***,the study did not evaluate the composition of the intestinal microbiota of the donors or the subsequent alterations in the gut ***,the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the histopathology of CD,and thus,targeting MAT and CrF may represent a promising avenue for treatment in this patient population.

关键词： Crohn's disease Mesenteric adipose tissue Creeping fat Fecal microbiota transplantation Gut microbiota

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Effects of Bifidobacterium lactis BLa80 on fecal and mucosal flora and stem cell factor/c-kit signaling pathway in simulated microgravity rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第1期31卷 93-109页

作者： Ping Zhang ying Zhu Pu Chen Tong Zhou Zhe-Yi Han Jun Xiao Jian-Feng Ma Wen Ma Peng Zang ying Chen Graduate School Hebei North UniversityZhangjiakou 075000Hebei ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Aerospace Nutrition and Food Engineering China Astronaut Research and Training CenterBeijing 100094China Department of Gastroenterology The Air Force Medical CenterBeijing 100142China Department of Blood Transfusion Air Force Medical CenterBeijing 100142China

BACKGROUND Simulated microgravity environment can lead to gastrointestinal motility *** pathogenesis of gastrointestinal motility disorders is closely related to the stem cell factor(SCF)/c-kit signaling pathway associated with intestinal flora and Cajal stromal ***,intestinal flora can also affect the regulation of SCF/c-kit signaling pathway,thus affecting the expression of Cajal stromal *** cells are the pacemakers of gastrointestinal *** To investigate the effects of Bifidobacterium lactis(***)BLa80 on the intestinal flora of rats in simulated microgravity and on the gastrointestinal motility-related SCF/c-kit *** The internationally recognized tail suspension animal model was used to simulate the microgravity environment,and 30 rats were randomly divided into control group,tail suspension group and drug administration tail suspension group with 10 rats in each group for a total of 28 *** tail group was given *** BLa80 by intragastric administration,and the other two groups were given water intragastric administration,the concentration of intragastric administration was 0.1 g/mL,and each rat was 1 mL/***&eosin staining was used to observe the histopathological changes in each segment of the intestine of each group,and the expression levels of SCF,c-kit,extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK)and p-ERK in the gastric antrum of each group were detected by Western blotting and *** fecal flora and mucosal flora of rats in each group were detected by 16S *** Simulated microgravity resulted in severe exfoliation of villi of duodenum,jejunum and ileum in rats,marked damage,increased space between villi,loose arrangement,shortened columnar epithelium of colon,less folds,narrower mucosal thickness,reduced goblet cell number and crypts,and significant improvement after probiotic *** microgravity reduced the expressions of SCF and c-kit,and increased the express

关键词： Simulated microgravity Rat Intestinal flora Gastrointestinal motility Stem cell factor/c-kit signaling pathway

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NOX4 exacerbates Parkinson's disease pathology by promoting neuronal ferroptosis and neuroinflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2038-2052页

作者： Zhihao Lin Changzhou ying Xiaoli Si Naijia Xue Yi Liu Ran Zheng ying Chen Jiali Pu Baorong Zhang Department of Neurology The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina

Parkinson's disease is primarily caused by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra ***,a novel form of regulated cell death characterized by iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation,plays a vital role in the death of dopaminergic ***,the molecular mechanisms underlying ferroptosis in dopaminergic neurons have not yet been completely *** oxidase 4 is related to oxidative stress,however,whether it regulates dopaminergic neuronal ferroptosis remains *** aim of this study was to determine whether NADPH oxidase 4 is involved in dopaminergic neuronal ferroptosis,and if so,by what *** found that the transcriptional regulator activating transcription factor 3 increased NADPH oxidase 4 expression in dopaminergic neurons and astrocytes in an 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6 tetrahydropyridine-induced Parkinson's disease *** oxidase 4 inhibition improved the behavioral impairments observed in the Parkinson's disease model animals and reduced the death of dopaminergic ***,NADPH oxidase 4 inhibition reduced lipid peroxidation and iron accumulation in the substantia nigra of the Parkinson's disease model ***,we found that NADPH oxidase 4 interacted with activated protein kinase Cαto prevent ferroptosis of dopaminergic ***,by lowering the astrocytic lipocalin-2 expression,NADPH oxidase 4 inhibition reduced 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6 tetrahydropyridine-induced *** findings demonstrate that NADPH oxidase 4 promotes ferroptosis of dopaminergic neurons and neuroinflammation,which contribute to dopaminergic neuron death,suggesting that NADPH oxidase 4 is a possible therapeutic target for Parkinson's disease.

关键词： dopaminergic neuron ferroptosis NADPH oxidase 4(NOX4) neuroinflammation Parkinson's disease

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