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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第6期20卷 652-657页

作者： LU Haiming yin chengqing Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Nanjing 210029 China

This field study investigated the nitrogen concentrations in the shallow groundwater from an ephemeral stream and four land uses： cropland, two-year restored （2yr） and five-years restored （Syr） woodlands, fishponds, and the nitrogen flux in the riparian zone of Yuqiao Reservoir. The groundwater nitrate-N concentrations in cropland were the highest among the four land uses. Total dissolved nitrogen （TDN） and nitrate-N concentrations in the 2yr woodland were significantly （p 〈 0.05） higher than in 5yr woodland. The lowest nitrogen concentrations were detected in fishponds. Nitrate-N was the main form in cropland and 2yr woodland, whereas both nitrate-N and dissolved organic nitrogen （DON） were the main species in 5yr woodland and fishponds. But, ammonium-N was the main form in the ephemeral stream. During the rainy season, the groundwater flow with dissolved nitrogen drains from upland into the reservoir along the hydraulic gradient. The woodland between the cropland and reservoir could act as a buffer to retain shallow groundwater nitrogen. The dominant form of ammonium-N in the groundwater TDN pool in ephemeral stream indicated that nitrogen from the village and orchard in upland flowed into the reservoir via subsurface flow. The fishpond was not an important pollution source for nitrogen transfer via shallow groundwater.

关键词： nitrogen groundwater reservoir fishpond cropland woodland riparian zone

Fraction distribution and risk assessment of heavy metals in sediments of Moshui Lake

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第4期20卷 390-397页

作者： LIU Honglei LI Liqing yin chengqing SHAN Baoqing State Key laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

To examine the status and risk of heavy metal pollution in urban lakes, in China, the distribution of several heavy metals （e.g., Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn） in the sediment of Moshui Lake, Hangyang District, Wuhan City, was characterized. The process of rapid urbanization and industrialization of the district was also studied to find out its relationship with the metal accumulation profile in the sediment. It was found that the total concentration of heavy metals in the sediment was higher than the severe effect level （SEL）, at all sampling sites, except those in the riparian zone. The Cr and Cu maximum concentrations were 1,780 and 1,250 mg/kg, approximately 16 and 11 times as much as the SEL values, and they appeared as deep as 32 cm in one sample. The carbonate and exchangeable fractions of Zn were more than 50% of the total Zn content, resulting in very high risk according to the Risk Assessment Code （RAC）. For Cu and Ni, a medium RAC value was found for carbonate and exchangeable fractions of 11%-20%. As sensitive indicators of contaminants in aquatic systems, heavy metals in the sediment reflect the outcome of regional urbanization, industrialization, and environmental management. With rapid urbanization, sedimentary Pb and Zn concentrations increased. The experimental results showed that high sedimentary heavy metal concentrations had resulted from rapid urbanization and industrialization, which would absolutely lead to substantial aquatic environmental decline in urban lakes.

关键词： distribution heavy metal risk sediment urbanization

Nitrous oxide reductase gene (nosZ) and N_2O reduction along the littoral gradient of a eutrophic freshwater lake

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第1期25卷 44-52页

作者： Chaoxu Wang Guibing Zhu Yu Wang Shanyun Wang chengqing yin State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Quality Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment Harbin Institute of Technology

Lake littoral zones are characterized by heterogeneity in the biogeochemistry of nutrient elements. This study aimed to explore the relationship between the nitrous oxide reductase gene （nosZ）-encoding denitrifier community composition/abundance and N2O reduction. Five samples （deep sediment, near-transition sediment, transition site, near-transition land and land soil） were collected along a littoral gradient of eutrophic Baiyangdian Lake, North China. To investigate the relationship between the nosZ-encoding denitrifier community structure and N20 reduction, the nosZ-encoding denitrifier community composition/abundance, potential denitrification rate （DNR） and potential N20 production rate （pN20） were investigated using molecular biological technologies and laboratory incubation experiments. The results showed that the average DNR of sediments was about 25 times higher than that of land soils, reaching 282.5 nmol N/（g dry weight （dw）.hr） and that the average pN20 of sediments was about 3.5 times higher than that of land soils, reaching 15.7 nmol N/（g dw-hr）. In the land area, the nosZ gene abundance showed a negative correlation with the N20/（N20＋N2） ratio, indicating that nosZ gene abundance dominated N20 reduction both in the surface soils of the land area and in the soil core of the transition site. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all the nosZ sequences recovered from sediment clustered closely with the isolates Azospirillum largimobile and Azospirillum irakense affiliated to Rhodospirillaceae in alpha-Proteobacteria, while about 92.3% （12/13） of the nosZ sequences recovered from land soil affiliated to Rhizobiaceae and Bradyrhizobiaceae in a-Proteobacteria. The community composition of nosZ gene-encoding denitrifiers appeared to be coupled with N20 reduction along the littoral gradient.

关键词： littoral gradient N2O reduction nosZ gene abundance community composition

Size distribution and diffuse pollution impacts of PAHs in street dust in urban streams in the Yangtze River Delta

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第2期21卷 162-167页

作者： ZHAO Hongtao yin chengqing CHEN Meixue WANG Weidong Jefferies Chris SHAN Baoqing State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China Urban Water Technology Centre University of Abertay Dundee Bell Street Dundee Scotland DD1 1HG UK

Particles of dust washed off streets by stormwater are an important pathway of polyaromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） into urban streams. This article presented a comprehensive assessment of the size distribution of PAHs in street dust particles, the potential risks of the particles in urban streams, and the sources and sinks of PAHs in the stream network. This assessment was based on measurements of 16 PAHs from the USEPA priority list in street dust particles and river sediments in Xincheng, China. The content of total PAHs ranged from 1629 to 8986 Dg/kg in street dust particles, where smaller particles have a higher concentrations. Approximately 55% of the total PAHs were associated with particles less than 250 μm which accounted for 40% of the total mass of street dust. The PAH quantities increased from 2.41 to 46.86 μg/m2 in the sequence of new residential, rising through main roads, old town residential, commercial and industrial areas. The sediments in stream reaches in town were found to be sinks for street dust particle PAHs. The research findings suggested that particle size, land use and the hydrological conditions in the stream network were the factors which most influenced the total loads of PAH in the receiving water bodies.

关键词： PAHs street dust particle size distribution land use pollutant load

Performance of pond–wetland complexes as a preliminary processor of drinking water sources

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第1期28卷 119-133页

作者： Weidong Wang Jun Zheng Zhongqiong Wang Rongbin Zhang Qinghua Chen Xinfeng Yu chengqing yin Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China Jiaxing Water Conservancy Investment Co. Ltd. Jiaxing 314033 China Jiaxing Jiayuan Water Supply and Drainage Co. Ltd. Jiaxing 314001 China

Shijiuyang Constructed Wetland（110 hm^2） is a drinking water source treatment wetland with primary structural units of ponds and plant-bed/ditch systems. The wetland can process about 250,000 tonnes of source water in the Xincheng River every day and supplies raw water for Shijiuyang Drinking Water Plant. Daily data for 28 months indicated that the major water quality indexes of source water had been improved by one grade. The percentage increase for dissolved oxygen and the removal rates of ammonia nitrogen, iron and manganese were 73.63%, 38.86%, 35.64%, and 22.14% respectively. The treatment performance weight of ponds and plant-bed/ditch systems was roughly equal but they treated different pollutants preferentially. Most water quality indexes had better treatment efficacy with increasing temperature and inlet concentrations. These results revealed that the pond–wetland complexes exhibited strong buffering capacity for source water quality improvement. The treatment cost of Shijiuyang Drinking Water Plant was reduced by about 30.3%. Regional rainfall significantly determined the external river water levels and adversely deteriorated the inlet water quality, thus suggesting that the ＂hidden＂ diffuse pollution in the multitudinous stream branches as well as their catchments should be the controlling emphases for river source water protection in the future. The combination of pond and plant-bed/ditch systems provides a successful paradigm for drinking water source pretreatment. Three other drinking water source treatment wetlands with ponds and plant-bed/ditch systems are in operation or construction in the stream networks of the Yangtze River Delta and more people will be benefited.

关键词： Pond–wetland combination Plant-bed/ditch system Constructed root channel technology Semi-subsurface flow wetland Weighted comprehensive water quality index

Development and application of innovative technologies for drinking water quality assurance in China

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2007年第3期1卷 257-269页

作者： QU Jiuhui yin chengqing YANG Min LIU Huijuan State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China

The continuously deteriorating quality of source water is threatening the safety of drinking water in *** efforts have been made to update water treatment processes to decrease the pollution problems of drinking water,such as protection of drinking water sources,enhance-ment of conventional treatment processes,and development of new or advanced treatment *** paper reviews a variety of protection and remediation methods for drinking water sources,development and application of drinking water treatment technologies,new technologies for special pollutants removal from groundwater,and the latest research progress on water distribution systems in China.

关键词： China drinking water quality source water treatment processes safety assurance

Microbial Diversity of Planctomycetes and Related Bacteria in Wetlands with Different Anthropogenic Disturbances

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湿地科学 2013年第2期11卷 158-166页

作者： Yu Wang Guibing Zhu Erwin van der Biezen Mike S M Jetten chengqing yin State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Quality Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Microbiology Institute for Water and Wetland Research (IWWR) Radboud University Nijmegen

The diversity of Planctomycetes and related bacteria in 3 types of freshwater wetlands with different anthropogenic disturbances were investigated by cloning and sequencing PCR-amplified partial 16S rRNA genes. Three clone libraries were constructed using 16S rRNA-targeted forward PCR primer specific for Planctomycetales and general bacterial reverse primer. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences defined 95 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) with 163 sequences. The clone libraries covered a wide microbial diversity of Proteobacteria and the Planctomycetes-Verrucomicrobia-Chlamydiales (PVC) superphylum. The majority of the OTUs were related to the phylum of Planctomycetes (33 OTUs), Proteobacteria (22 OTUs) and Verrucomicrobia (22 OTUs). Four known genera from the Planctomycetes phylum were all detected. The genus Pirellula (18 OTUs) dominated the Planctomycetes community, but different patterns of distribution were observed in the wetlands. The littoral wetlands of Baiyangdian Lake with the least anthropogenic disturbances covered more species and showed the highest biodiversity. However, the Jiaxing paddy fields with the highest anthropogenic disturbances showed a higher biodiversity than that in the riparian wetlands of the North Canal. Bacteria distantly related to anammox bacteria were also detected with a small proportion (4 OTUs). It showed that wetlands hold a great biodiversity of phyla Planctomycetes and related bacteria; furthermore, there is ample opportunity to discover novel phylotypes of Planctomycetes in the wetland ecosystems.

关键词： Planctomycetes biodiversity PVC superphylum anthropogenic disturbances freshwater wetlands

Ecological wetland paradigm drives water source improvement in the stream network of Yangtze River Delta

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第12期33卷 55-72页

作者： Weidong Wang Ting Yang Weibing Guan Weixi Peng Ping Wu Bin Zhong Chundong Zhou Qinghua Chen Rongbin Zhang Kewen Xu chengqing yin Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Marine Ecology and Environment Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China Jiaxing Water Conservancy Investment Co.Ltd. Jiaxing 314033China Water Resources&Hydroelectric Prospecting&Design Research Institute of Jiaxing City Jiaxing 314033China Haining Clean Source Water Co.Ltd. Haining 314400China Jiaxing Qiuyuan Monitoring Technology Co.Ltd. Jiaxing 314006China

Jiaxing created a precedent using bypass riparian marshes to purify micro-polluted water sources in ***-wetland complex with constructed root channel technology becomes a paradigm which can be analogized as"human-body wetland model"based on bionics or *** plant-bed/ditch system with highly active land/water ecotone interfaces,especially meandering boundaries,breeds many biochemical reactions"living areas".Optimization of hydraulic regulation promotes redox environment alternations and wetland treatment *** we reported a series of upgrades and performances in Guanjinggang wetland after the Shijiuyang *** reform of plant-bed/ditch system played a vital *** root channel zone was main force of wetland purification,and temporally the treatment effect was higher in low-temperature seasons indicating non-temperature dependent mechanisms *** pollution comprehensive index improved steadily from IV to III,and comprehensive pollution load was reduced by ca.40%–60%.Comprehensive evaluation function value further showed the gradients purification effect of the upgraded *** wetlands ameliorated source water quality,and reduced drinking water treatment reagents,thereby bringing about economic *** wetlands operation,people can see how the micro-polluted surface water becomes clear and clean,so promoting a significant social *** a viable component of urban green space,wetlands could beautify regional eco-environment,freshen the air,increase urban ecological taste,and enhance the eco-environmental protection ***,the multifunctional service values and indirect benefits are *** ecological wetlands provide a typical paradigm for water pollution remediation in developing countries and plays a leading role in technology engineering radiation effect.

关键词： Pond-wetland combination Constructed root channel technology Plant-bed/ditch system Semi-subsurface flow wetland Human-body wetland model

Diffuse pollution: A hidden threat to the water environment of the developing world

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第9期26卷 1769-1769页

作者： chengqing yin Xiaoyan Wang SKLEAC Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Resources Environment & TourismCapital Normal University

This Special Section collects eight articles from the 16th IWA International Conference on Diffuse Pollution and Eutrophication （16th DIPCON）, which was held in Beijing on 18 to 23 August, 2013. These articles focus... 详细信息

关键词： Diffuse pollution A hidden threat to the water environment of the developing world

城市面源污染问题:我国城市化进程的新挑战——代“城市面源污染研究”专栏序言

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环境科学学报 2006年第7期26卷 1053-1056页

作者：尹澄清中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境水质学国家重点实验室北京100085

城市面源污染是造成水环境恶化的重要原因之一.以国家“863”项目的《汉阳地区城市面源污染控制技术与工程示范》课题为背景,介绍了城市面源污染的特点,所造成的环境问题,课题研究中控制城市面源污染的思路、技术和3个示范工程,以及研... 详细信息

城市面源污染是造成水环境恶化的重要原因之一.以国家“863”项目的《汉阳地区城市面源污染控制技术与工程示范》课题为背景,介绍了城市面源污染的特点,所造成的环境问题,课题研究中控制城市面源污染的思路、技术和3个示范工程,以及研究取得的主要成果.

关键词：城市面源污染特点技术项目成果