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Numerical study of submerged bending vegetation under unidirectional flow

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Water Science and Engineering 2024年第1期17卷 92-100页

作者： Pei-pei Zhang yi-qing Gong Ken Vui Chua Jie Dai Jing-qiao Mao College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Institute of Water Science and Technology Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China School of Engineering Cardiff UniversityCardiff CF243AAUK

Submerged vegetation commonly grows and plays a vital role in aquatic ecosystems,but it is also regarded as a barrier to the passing *** simulations of flow through and over submerged vegetation were carried out to investigate the effect of vegetation density on flow *** simulations were computationally set up to replicate flume experiments,in which vegetation was mimicked with flexible plastic *** fluid-structure interaction between flow and flexible vegetation was solved by coupling the two modules of the COMSOL *** cases with different vegetation densities were simulated,and the results were successfully validated against the experimental *** contours of the simulated time-averaged streamwise velocity and Reynolds stress were extracted to highlight the differences in mean and turbulent flow *** turbulence intensity was found to be more sensitive to vegetation density than the time-averaged *** developing length increased with the spacing between *** snapshots of the bending vegetation under instantaneous velocity and vorticity revealed that flexible vegetation responded to the effects of eddies in the shear layer by swaying *** first two rows of vegetation suffered stronger approaching flow and were prone to more streamlined *** addition,the origin of tip vortices was investigated via the distribution of *** results reveal the variation of flow properties with bending submerged vegetation and provide useful reference for optimizationofrestorationprojects.

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics Fluid-structure interaction Turbulence Flexible and submerged vegetation

Warming intensified the effects of nitrogen addition on N_(2)O emissions from alpine meadow in the northern qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第1期15卷 101-112页

作者： Ming-Jie LI yi-qing GE Hasbagan GANJURJAV Guo-Zheng HU Hong-Bao WU Jun YAN Shi-Cheng HE qing-Zhu GAO Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China National Agricultural Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment Nagqu 852100China Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing 100091China College of Resource and Environment Anhui Science and Technology UniversityFengyang 233100China Nagqu Agriculture Animal Husbandryand Prataculture Science and Technology Research and Extension CenterNagqu 852100China Tongliao Experimental Middle School Tongliao 028000China

Warming and nitrogen(N)addition may impact soil nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)emissions,but the relationship between plant community composition and soil microbial activities remains *** a two-year field study in the qinghai-Tibet Plateau,open-top chambers were used to quantify the effects of warming,N-addition,and their interactions on N_(2)O *** found that the N-addition greatly increased N_(2)O emissions by 77.4%in 2018 when compared to the control *** contrast,warming showed little effect on N_(2)0 emissions but did increase the activity of enzymes associated with soil nitrification and denitrification.A combined effect of warming and N-addition of resulted in 208.6%(2018)and 90.8%(2019)increase in N_(2)0 emissions,respectively,compared to the individual treatments of warming or *** warming in alpine meadows is causally linked to increased legume biomass which is further intensified with the *** legume biomass(p<0.05),soil moisture(p<0.001)and enzyme activity(p<0.001)had a positive effect on N_(2)0 emissions,while diminished microbial carbon/nitrogen(MBC/MBN)(p<0.05)correlated with reduced N_(2)O *** results indicated that N-addition has a positive effect on N_(2)O emissions,and the addition of warming further intensifies this *** increased dominance of legumes and microbial N content contributes to this *** outcomes suggest that warming and atmospheric N deposition can stimulate N_(2)O emissions of alpine meadows inthefuture.

关键词： Alpine meadow Community composition Nitrogen addition Nitrous oxide flux qinghai-Tibet Plateau Warming

The association and underlying mechanism of the digit ratio(2D:4D)in hypospadias

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第4期26卷 356-365页

作者： Yu Ding Zu-Quan Chen Wen-Feng Pan Hao-Jie Chen Min Wu yi-qing Lyu Hua Xie yi-Chen Huang Zhong-Zhong Chen Fang Chen Department of Urology Shanghai Children’s HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200062China Urogenital Development Research Center Shanghai Children’s HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200062China Clinical Research Center for Hypospadias Pediatric CollegeShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200062China.

The second-to-fourth digit(2D:4D)ratio is thought to be associated with prenatal androgen ***,the relationship between the 2D:4D ratio and hypospadias is poorly understood,and its molecular mechanism is not *** this study,by analyzing the hand digit length of 142 boys with hypospadias(23 distal,68 middle,and 51 proximal)and 196 controls enrolled in Shanghai Children’s Hospital(Shanghai,China)from December 2020 to December 2021,we found that the 2D:4D ratio was significantly increased in boys with hypospadias(P<0.001)and it was positively correlated with the severity of the *** was further verified by the comparison of control mice and prenatal low testosterone mice model obtained by knocking out the risk gene(dynein axonemal heavy chain 8[DNAH8])associated with ***,the discrepancy was mainly caused by a shift in *** characterization of a mouse model validated that low testosterone levels during pregnancy can impair the growth and development of *** mechanistic explorations revealed that during the androgen-sensitive window,the downregulation of the androgen receptor(AR)caused by low testosterone levels,as well as the suppressed expression of chondrocyte proliferation-related genes such as Wnt family member 5a(Wnt5a),Wnt5b,Smad family member 2(Smad2),and Smad3;mitochondrial function-related genes in cartilage such as AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK)and nuclear respiratory factor 1(Nrf-1);and vascular development-related genes such as myosin light chain(MLC),notch receptor 3(Notch3),and sphingosine kinase 1(Sphk1),are responsible for the limitation of 4D growth,which results in a higher 2D:4D ratio in boys with hypospadias via decreased endochondral *** study indicates that the ratio of 2D:4D is a risk marker of hypospadias and provides a potential molecular mechanism.

关键词： androgen receptor digit ratio(2D:4D) endochondral ossification hypospadias testosterone level

Effect of distribution of fines on evolution of cooperation in spatial public goods game

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第9期33卷 239-245页

作者： Xing-Ping Sun Yan-Zheng Bi Hong-Wei Kang Yong Shen qing-yi Chen School of Software Yunnan UniversityKunming 650000China

In the realm of public goods game,punishment,as a potent tool,stands out for fostering *** it effectively addresses the first-order free-rider problem,the associated costs can be *** incur expenses in imposing sanctions,while defectors face ***,these monetary elements seemingly vanish into thin air,representing a loss to the system ***,by virtue of the redistribution of fines to cooperators and punishers,not only can we mitigate this loss,but the rewards for these cooperative individuals can be *** upon this premise,this paper introduces a fine distribution mechanism to the traditional pool punishment *** identical parameter settings,by conducting a comparative experiment with the conventional punishment model,the paper aims to investigate the impact of fine distribution on the evolution of cooperation in spatial public goods *** experimental results clearly demonstrate that,in instances where the punishment cost is prohibitively high,the cooperative strategies of the traditional pool punishment model may completely ***,the model enriched with fine distribution manages to sustain a considerable number of cooperative strategies,thus highlighting its effectiveness in promoting and preserving cooperation,even in the face of substantial punishment cost.

关键词： public goods game fine distribution cooperation

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi regulate plant mineral nutrient uptake and partitioning in iron ore tailings undergoing eco-engineered pedogenesis

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Pedosphere 2024年第2期34卷 385-398页

作者： Zhen LI Songlin WU Yunjia LIU qing yi Merinda HALL Narottam SAHA Junjian WANG Yuanfang HUANG Longbin HUANG College of Land Science and Technology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation Sustainable Minerals InstituteThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Excess available K and Fe in Fe ore tailings with organic matter amendment and water-deficiencies may restrain plant colonization and growth,which hinders the formation of eco-engineered soil from these tailings for sustainable and cost-effective mine site *** mycorrhizal(AM)fungi are widely demonstrated to assist plant growth under various unfavorable ***,it is still unclear whether AM symbiosis in tailings amended with different types of plant biomass and under different water conditions could overcome the surplus K and Fe stress for plants in Fe ore tailings,and if so,by what ***,host plants(Sorghum *** ***),either colonized or noncolonized by the AM fungi(Glomus spp.),were cultivated in lucerne hay(LH,C:N ratio of 18)-or sugarcane mulch(SM,C:N ratio of 78)-amended Fe ore tailings under well-watered(55%water-holding capacity(WHC)of tailings)or water-deficient(30%WHC of tailings)*** mycorrhizal colonization,plant growth,and mineral elemental uptake and partitioning were *** indicated that AM fungal colonization improved plant growth in tailings amended with plant biomass under water-deficient *** mycorrhizal fungal colonization enhanced plant mineral element uptake,especially P,both in the LH-and SM-amended tailings regardless of water ***,AM symbiosis development restrained the translocation of excess elements(i.e.,K and Fe)from plant roots to shoots,thereby relieving their *** AM fungal roles in P uptake and excess elemental partitioning were greater in LH-amended tailings than in SM-amended *** deficiency weakened AM fungal colonization and functions in terms of mineral element uptake and *** findings highlighted the vital role AM fungi played in regulating plant growth and nutrition status in Fe ore tailings technosol,providing an important basis for involvement of AM fungi in the eco-engineered pedo

关键词： Fe stress fungal symbiosis K stress mine site rehabilitation mycorrhizal colonization plant biomass amendment plant nutrition water deficiency

A direct polymeric carbon nitride/tungsten oxide Z-scheme heterostructure for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen generation via reforming of plastics into value-added chemicals

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Rare Metals 2024年第8期43卷 3771-3783页

作者： Rui-Zhe Wang Zhi Lin yi-qing Wang Kai-Ni Zhang Ge-Hong Zhang Jie Zhang Samuel S.Mao Shao-Hua Shen International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China School of Civil and Architecture Engineering Xi'an Technological UniversityXi'an 710021China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of California at BerkeleyBerkeleyCA94720USA

To promote charge transfer and separation for efficient photocatalysis,a direct Z-scheme heterostructure was constructed by coupling polymeric carbon nitride(PCN) and WO_(3).Interestingly,the obtained PCN/WO_(3)Z-scheme heterostructure could photocataly tic ally produce hydrogen and value-added chemicals(e.g.,formate and acetate) by reforming of plastic polylactic acid(PLA) in alkaline aqueous *** optimizing WO_(3) contents and reaction conditions,the obtained PCN/WO_(3)heterostructure exhibits much increased photocatalytic activity for PLA photoreforming under visible light,with hydrogen evolution rate reaching 402.90 μmol·g~(-1)·h~(-1),which is 3.5 times that of *** is revealed that the Z-scheme charge transfer between PCN and WO_(3) mainly contributes to the promoted charge separation and thus the improved photocatalytic ***,with h+and·OH experimentally evidenced as the predominant active species,a possible reaction pathway for the reforming of PLA into value-added chemicals(e.g.,formate and acetate)over PCN/WO_(3) Z-scheme heterostructure is cleared by monitoring the reaction intermediates and *** work paves a carbon neutrality and scalable route toward the synergistical production of hydrogen and value-added chemicals by utilizing and recycling plastic waste.

关键词： Carbon nitride Z-scheme heterojunction Plastic waste conversion Photocatalytic H_(2)production Value-added chemicals

Publication trends of Leber congenital amaurosis researches:a bibliometric study during 2002-2022

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第8期17卷 1501-1509页

作者： Xiao-Xu Huang yi-Min Wang Min-Yue Xie yi-qing Sun Xiao-Huan Zhao Yu-Hong Chen Jie-Qiong Chen Si-Yang Han Min-Wen Zhou Xiao-Dong Sun Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200080China National Clinical Research Center for Eye Disease Shanghai 200080China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases Shanghai 200080China Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine Shanghai 200080China Department of Ophthalmology Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200030China Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100054China Eberly College of Science Penn State UniversityUniversity Park 16802-1503United States

AIM:To analyze the changes in scientific output relating to Leber congenital amaurosis(LCA)and forecast the study trends in this ***:All of the publications in the field of LCA from 2002 to 2022 were collected from Web of Science(WOS)*** analyzed the quantity(number of publications),quality(citation and H-index)and development trends(relative research interest,RRI)of published LCA research over the last two ***,VOSviewer software was applied to define the co-occurrence network of keywords in this ***:A total of 2158 publications were ultimately *** found that the focus on LCA kept rising and peaked in 2015 and 2018,which is consistent with the development trend of gene *** USA has contributed most to this field with 1162 publications,56674 citations and the highest H-index value(116).The keywords analysis was divided into five clusters to show the hotspots in the field of LCA,namely mechanism-related,genotype-related,local phenotype-related,system phenotype-related,and *** also identified gene therapy and antiretinal degeneration therapy as a major focus in recent ***:Our study illustrates historical research process and future development trends in LCA *** may help to guide the orientation for further clinical diagnosis,treatment and scientific research.

关键词： VOSviewer bibliometrics Leber congenital amaurosis gene therapy hotpots

Automatic detection of small bowel lesions with different bleeding risks based on deep learning models

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第2期30卷 170-183页

作者： Rui-Ya Zhang Peng-Peng Qiang Ling-Jun Cai Tao Li Yan Qin Yu Zhang yi-qing Zhao Jun-Ping Wang Department of Gastroenterology The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan 030012Shanxi ProvinceChina School of Computer and Information Technology Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006Shanxi ProvinceChina School of Life Sciences and Technology Mudanjiang Normal UniversityMudanjiang 157011Heilongjiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Deep learning provides an efficient automatic image recognition method for small bowel(SB)capsule endoscopy(CE)that can assist physicians in ***,the existing deep learning models present some unresolved *** To propose a novel and effective classification and detection model to automatically identify various SB lesions and their bleeding risks,and label the lesions accurately so as to enhance the diagnostic efficiency of physicians and the ability to identify high-risk bleeding *** The proposed model represents a two-stage method that combined image classification with object ***,we utilized the improved ResNet-50 classification model to classify endoscopic images into SB lesion images,normal SB mucosa images,and invalid ***,the improved YOLO-V5 detection model was utilized to detect the type of lesion and its risk of bleeding,and the location of the lesion was *** constructed training and testing sets and compared model-assisted reading with physician *** The accuracy of the model constructed in this study reached 98.96%,which was higher than the accuracy of other systems using only a single *** sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy of the model-assisted reading detection of all images were 99.17%,99.92%,and 99.86%,which were significantly higher than those of the endoscopists’*** image processing time of the model was 48 ms/image,and the image processing time of the physicians was 0.40±0.24 s/image(P<0.001).CONCLUSION The deep learning model of image classification combined with object detection exhibits a satisfactory diagnostic effect on a variety of SB lesions and their bleeding risks in CE images,which enhances the diagnostic efficiency of physicians and improves the ability of physicians to identify high-risk bleeding groups.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Deep learning Capsule endoscopy Image classification Object detection Bleeding risk

Gamma/Hadron Separation Method for the HADAR Experiment

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第3期24卷 70-74页

作者： Yang-Zhao Ren Tian-Lu Chen You-Liang Feng Dan-Zeng Luo-Bu yi-qing Guo Cheng Liu Qi Gao Mao-Yuan Liu Xiang-Li Qian Ya-Ping Wang Zi-Hao Zhang Xin-Long Li qing-Yuan Hou Heng-Jiao Liu qing-Qian Zhou Shan-Jie Shu The Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays(Tibet University) Ministry of EducationLhasa 850000China Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Intelligent Engineering Shandong Management University

Ground-based arrays of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes(IACTs)are the most sensitiveγ-ray detectors for energies of approximately 100 Ge V and *** such IACT is the High Altitude Detection of Astronomical Radiation(HADAR)experiment,which uses a large aperture refractive water lens system to capture atmospheric Cherenkov photons(i.e.,the imaging atmospheric Cherenkov technique).The telescope array has a low threshold energy and large field of view,and can continuously scan the area of the sky being observed,which is conducive to monitoring and promptly responding to transient *** process ofγ-hadron separation is essential in very-high-energy(>30 Ge V)γ-ray astronomy and is a key factor for the successful utilization of *** this study,Monte Carlo simulations were carried out to model the response of cosmic rays within the HADAR *** analyzing the Hillas parameters and the distance between the event core and the telescope,the distinction between air showers initiated byγ-rays and those initiated by cosmic rays was ***,a Quality Factor was introduced to assess the telescope’s ability to suppress the background and to provide a more effective characterization of its performance.

关键词： astroparticle physics-telescopes-methods data analysis