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BTA2 regulates tiller angle and the shoot gravity response through controlling auxin content and distribution in rice

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第9期66卷 1966-1982页

作者： Zhen Li Junhua Ye Qiaoling Yuan Mengchen Zhang Xingyu Wang Jing Wang Tianyi Wang Hongge Qian Xinghua Wei yaolong yang Lianguang Shang Yue Feng China National Center for Rice Improvement State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and BreedingChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006China Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureGenome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518124China National Nanfan Research Institute(Sanya) Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesSanya 572024China

Tiller angle is a key agricultural trait that establishes plant architecture,which in turn strongly affects grain yield by influencing planting density in *** shoot gravity response plays a crucial role in the regulation of tiller angle in rice,but the underlying molecular mechanism is largely ***,we report the identification of the BIG TILLER ANGLE2(BTA2),which regulates tiller angle by controlling the shoot gravity response in ***-of-function mutation of BTA2 dramatically reduced auxin content and affected auxin distribution in rice shoot base,leading to impaired gravitropism and therefore a big tiller ***2 interacted with AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR7(ARF7)to modulate rice tiller angle through the gravity signaling *** BTA2 protein was highly conserved during *** variation in the BTA2 promoter of indica cultivars harboring a less expressed BTA2 allele caused lower BTA2 expression in shoot base and thus wide tiller angle during rice *** of BTA2 significantly increased grain yield in the elite rice cultivar Huanghuazhan under appropriate dense planting *** findings thus uncovered the BTA2-ARF7 module that regulates tiller angle by mediating the shoot gravity *** work offers a target for genetic manipulation of plant architecture and valuable information for crop improvement by producing the ideal plant type.

关键词： auxin domestication gravity response rice tiller angle

A KNOX II transcription factor suppresses the NLR immune receptor BRG8-mediated immunity in rice

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Plant Communications 2024年第10期5卷 121-138页

作者： Siliang Xu Xinghua Wei Qinqin yang Dongxiu Hu Yuanyuan Zhang Xiaoping Yuan Fengyu Kang Zhaozhong Wu Zhiqin Yan Xueqin Luo Yanfei Sun Shan Wang Yue Feng Qun Xu Mengchen Zhang yaolong yang China National Center for Rice Improvement/State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006China National Nanfan Research Institute(Sanya) Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesSanya 572024China

Nucleotide-binding site and leucine-rich repeat(NLR)proteins are activated by detecting pathogen effectors,which in turn trigger host defenses and cell *** many NLRs have been identified,the mechanisms responsible for NLR-triggered defense responses are still poorly *** this study,through a genome-wide association study approach,we identified a novel NLR gene,Blast Resistance Gene 8(BRG8),which confers resistance to rice blast and bacterial blight ***8 overexpression and complementation lines exhibit enhanced resistance to both *** localization assays showed that BRG8 is localized in both the cytoplasm and the *** evidence revealed that nuclear-localized BRG8 can enhance rice immunity without a hypersensitive response(HR)-like *** also demonstrated that the coiled-coil domain of BRG8 not only physically interacts with itself but also interacts with the KNOX II protein HOMEOBOX ORYZA SATIVA59(HOS59).Knockout mutants of HOS59 in the BRG8 background show enhanced resistance to Magnaporthe oryzae strain CH171 and Xoo strain CR4,similar to that of the BRG8 *** contrast,overexpression of HOS59 in the BRG8 background will compromise the HR-like phenotype and resistance *** analysis revealed that HOS59 promotes the degradation of BRG8 via the 26S proteasome ***,our study highlights HOS59 as an NLR immune regulator that fine-tunes BRG8-mediated immune responses against pathogens,providing new insights into NLR associations and functions in plant immunity.

关键词： rice NLR protein KNOX II protein rice blast bacterial blight

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水稻白叶枯病抗性遗传解析

生物工程学报 2024年第4期40卷 1040-1049页

作者：刘玉婷袁筱萍杨惠敏黄佳慧朱哲楠卢钿钿沈思怡杨窑龙饶玉春浙江师范大学生命科学学院浙江金华321004 中国水稻研究所水稻生物育种全国重点实验室浙江杭州311400

水稻白叶枯病是水稻主要的病害之一,对水稻生产具有重要的意义。本研究以国外引进粳稻品种Maybelle与地方籼稻品种白叶秋为亲本构建而成的加倍单倍体(doubled haploid,DH)群体为材料,调查了4个白叶枯病致病小种的致病性。结果表明,各小... 详细信息

水稻白叶枯病是水稻主要的病害之一,对水稻生产具有重要的意义。本研究以国外引进粳稻品种Maybelle与地方籼稻品种白叶秋为亲本构建而成的加倍单倍体(doubled haploid,DH)群体为材料,调查了4个白叶枯病致病小种的致病性。结果表明,各小种的致病性在DH群体间呈现连续分布,并伴有一定的超亲变异。而且,各个致病小种的致病性具有一定的相关性,相关系数处在0.3与0.6之间。数量性状位点(quantitative trait locus,QTL)分析共检测到12个QTL,分别位于水稻第1、2、3、5、6、7、9和12号染色体,贡献率介于4.95%−16.05%之间,其中位于5号染色体上的RM6024−RM163区间在3个致病小种中均检测到,并且是效应最大的主效QTL。另外,QTL座位的聚合进一步表明,通过不同的QTL座位的聚合能够显著提高水稻白叶枯病的抗性。该研究对拓宽我国白叶枯病抗性基因资源具有重要的意义。

关键词：白叶枯病数量性状位点(QTL) 水稻基因聚合

Characterization and cloning of a brittle culm mutant (bc88) in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2013年第24期58卷 3000-3006,2914页

作者： RAO YuChun yang yaolong XIN DeDong LI XiaoJing ZHAI KaiEn MA BoJun PAN JianWei QIAN Qian ZENG DaLi College of Chemistry and Life Sciences Zhejiang Normal University State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research Institute

This study characterizes a brittle culm (bc88) mutant of rice (Oryza sativa L.) obtained by ethylene methylsulfonate (EMS)-induced mutagenesis of Wuyunjing 7. The bc88 mutant exhibits a diversity of pleiotropic phenotypes, including brittle culm at the whole-plant growth stages, withered leaf tips at the seedling stage, and 18-d delay in heading date at the mature stage. Genetic analysis indicates that the bc88 mutant is controlled by a single recessive nuclear gene. The mutated bc88 gene isolated by map-based cloning contains only one point mutation in the 5th exon relative to its wild-type BC88 (LOC_Os09g25490 and Os09g0422500), leading to an amino acid change from P to L in bc88 plants. Alignment of the putative protein sequence with its homologs indicates that the mutation is located in the conserved region of the sequence. Detection of the transcription level of BC88 in rice plants shows that the expression level of BC88 is higher in spikes and culms than in leaves, roots, and leaf sheaths. These contribute to understanding of the molecular mechanism of cellulose synthesis. The target gene BC88 can be a useful tool in molecular marker-assisted selection for rice culm trait breeding.

关键词： rice (Oryza sativa L.) brittle culm Wuyunjing 7 clone mutation

Classification and Identification of indica P/TGMS Lines in China

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Rice science 2019年第3期26卷 195-198页

作者： ZHANG Mengchen WANG Shan YAN Jianfang SUN Shuiyong XU Xin XU Qun YUAN Xiaoping WEI Xinghua yang yaolong State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research Institute Seeds Administration Center of Zhejiang Province

Despite extensive studies on cultivated rice, the population structure and genetic diversity of the indica photoperiod-and thermo-sensitive genic male sterility(P/TGMS) lines in China remains unclear. Using 48 simple sequence repeat(SSR) markers, we genotyped a panel of 208 indica P/TGMS lines and confirmed three subgroups, named indica-I, indica-II and indica-III, in indica P/TGMS lines. Further diversity analysis indicated indica-II had the highest genetic diversity. The genetic differentiation between indica-II and indica-III was demonstrated as the largest among the three subgroups. Moreover, indica/japonica component identification was detected that five P/TGMS lines possess indica components less than 0.900. These results improve our knowledge on the genetic background for P/TGMS lines in China and will be beneficial for hybrid rice breeding programs.

关键词： Classification Identification Despite

两种温度处理条件下水稻苗期形态性状及耐热性相关QTL定位

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种子 2024年第7期43卷 1-8,16页

作者：王静王兴宇徐群章孟臣王珊孙燕飞魏兴华杨窑龙郭晓红冯跃黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院/中国水稻研究所水稻生物育种全国重点实验室黑龙江大庆163000

为了揭示不同温度条件下苗期形态性状和耐热性的分子遗传基础,本研究以籼稻中9B和粳稻M494杂交衍生的重组自交系(Recombinant inbred line, RIL)群体为试验材料,结合高密度SNP图谱,在两种温度条件下对水稻苗期株高、根长、地上干重、地... 详细信息

为了揭示不同温度条件下苗期形态性状和耐热性的分子遗传基础,本研究以籼稻中9B和粳稻M494杂交衍生的重组自交系(Recombinant inbred line, RIL)群体为试验材料,结合高密度SNP图谱,在两种温度条件下对水稻苗期株高、根长、地上干重、地下干重、地上鲜重、地下鲜重及高温处理下干枯叶长等级进行QTL分析。结果表明,在两种温度处理下,RIL群体苗期耐热性存在明显差异;共检测到28个苗期形态性状和耐热性相关QTL,分布于第1、2、3、4、7、8、10号染色体上,可解释的表型贡献率介于3.26%~34.10%之间。其中在第3号染色体Chunk343~351区间存在同时控制两种温度条件下株高、地上鲜重、地下鲜重、地上干重、地下干重和高温下干枯叶长等级的主效QTL簇;在第3号染色体Chunk338~343区间存在控制高温条件下根长的QTL;在第8号染色体Chunk796~803区间检测到同时调控高温条件下地上鲜重和地下鲜重的新QTL位点。

关键词：水稻苗期形态性状耐热性 QTL

Overall eVTOL aircraft design for urban air mobility

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Green Energy and Intelligent Transportation 2024年第2期3卷 9-19页

作者： Jiechao Zhang yaolong Liu Yao Zheng School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

Electric vertical takeoff and landing(eVTOL)aircraft have emerged as a potential alternative to the existing transportation system,offering a transition from two-dimensional commuting and logistics to three-dimensional *** a groundbreaking innovation in both the automotive and aviation sectors,eVTOL holds significant promise but also presents notable *** paper aims to address the overall aircraft design(OAD)approach specifically tailored for eVTOL in the context of Urban Air Mobility(UAM).In contrast to traditional OAD methods,this study introduces and integrates disciplinary methodologies specifically catered to eVTOL aircraft design.A case study is conducted on a tilt-duct eVTOL aircraft with a typical UAM mission,and the disciplinary performance,including initial sizing,aerodynamics,electric propulsion systems,stability and control,weight,mission analysis and noise,is examined using the OAD *** findings demonstrate that the current approach effectively evaluates the fundamental aircraft-level performance of eVTOL,albeit further high-fidelity disciplinary analysis and optimization methods are required for future MDO-based eVTOL overall aircraft design.

关键词： Electric vertical takeoff and landing Urban air mobility Overall aircraft design Tilt-duct

Brittle culm 25, which encodes an UDP-xylose synthase, affects cell wall properties in rice

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The Crop Journal 2023年第3期11卷 733-743页

作者： Siliang Xu Mengchen Zhang Junhua Ye Dongxiu Hu Yuanyuan Zhang Zhen Li Junrong Liu Yanfei Sun Shan Wang Xiaoping Yuan Yue Feng Qun Xu Xinghua Wei Dali Zeng yaolong yang China National Center for Rice Improvement/State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006ZhejiangChina The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300ZhejiangChina

Because plant mechanical strength influences plant growth and development,the regulatory mechanisms underlying cell-wall synthesis deserve *** mutants are useful for such *** have identified a novel brittle culm 25(bc25)mutant with reduced growth and partial ***25 encodes an UDP-glucuronic acid decarboxylase involved in cellulose synthesis and belongs to the UXS family.A single-nucleotide mutation in BC25 accounts for its altered cell morphology and cellwall *** electron microscopy analysis showed that the thickness of the secondary cell wall was reduced in *** analysis revealed significant increases in content of rhamnose and arabinose but not of other monosaccharides,indicating that BC25 was involved in xylose synthesis with some level of functional *** assays suggested that BC25 functions with high activity to interconvert UDP-glucuronic acid(UDP-Glc A)and *** staining showed that BC25 was ubiquitously expressed with higher expression in culm,root and sheath,in agreement with that shown by quantitative real-time(q RT)-***-seq further suggested that BC25 is involved in sugar *** conclude that BC25 strongly influences rice cell wall formation.

关键词： Brittle culm Mechanical strength UDP-xylose Cell wall Rice

Characterization and fine mapping of an early senescence mutant (es-t) in Oryza sativa L.

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第23期56卷 2437-2443页

作者： yang yaolong RAO YuChun LIU HuiJuan FANG YunXia DONG GuoJun HUANG LiChao LENG YuJia GUO LonBiao ZHANG GuangHeng HU Jiang GAO ZhenYu QIAN Qian ZENG DaLi State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research Institute Hangzhou 310006 China College of Life and Environment Sciences Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 310036 China

An es-t (early senescence-temporary) mutant, produced by ethylene methylsulfonate treatment of strain Nipponbare, was identified in rice. The leaves of es-t appeared yellow at the seedling stage, and had decreased chlorophyll content. Rust spots were found during growth in es-t, especially at the leaf margin and tip. The plants showed a typical early-senescence phenotype at the milky stage. The leaf surface of es-t appeared smoother than wild-type leaves under a scanning electron microscope, because the leaves lack siliceous protuberances around the stoma. Chloroplasts grow abnormally and are filled with many starch grains in es-t. Paraffin section analysis showed that the development of the sclerenchyma cells and vascular bundles were also abnormal in es-t. Genetic analysis indicated that es-t was controlled by a recessive gene, which was finely mapped to a 42-kb interval on chromosome 5. These results will facilitate the positional cloning and functional studies of the gene.

关键词： ES 衰老早期精细定位突变水稻扫描电子显微镜表征