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Synergistic effects of multiple driving factors on the runoff variations in the Yellow River Basin,China

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Journal of Arid Land 2021年第8期13卷 835-857页

作者： WANG Junjie SHI Bing ZHAO Enjin CHEN Xuguang yang shaopeng College of Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Hubei Key Laboratory of Marine Geological Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China College of Ocean Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China

River runoff plays an important role in watershed ecosystems and human survival,and it is controlled by multiple environmental ***,the synergistic effects of various large-scale circulation factors and meteorological factors on the runoff on different time-frequency scales have rarely been *** light of this,the underlying mechanism of the synergistic effects of the different environmental factors on the runoff variations was investigated in the Yellow River Basin of China during the period 1950-2019 using the bivariate wavelet coherence(WTC)and multiple wavelet coherence(MWC)***,the continuous wavelet transform(CWT)method was used to analyze the multiscale characteristics of the *** results of the CWT indicate that the runoff exhibited significant continuous or discontinuous annual and semiannual oscillations during the study *** inter-annual time scales were also observed for the runoff in the Yellow River *** meteorological factors better explained the runoff variations on seasonal and annual time *** average wavelet coherence(AWC)and the percent area of the significant coherence(PASC)between the runoff and individual meteorological factors were 0.454 and 19.89%,*** circulation factors mainly regulated the runoff on the inter-annual and decadal time scales with more complicated phase relationships due to their indirect effects on the *** AWC and PASC between the runoff and individual circulation factors were 0.359 and 7.31%,*** MWC analysis revealed that the synergistic effects of multiple factors should be taken into consideration to explain the multiscale characteristic variations of the *** AWC or MWC ranges were 0.320-0.560,0.617-0.755,and 0.819-0.884 for the combinations of one,two,and three circulation and meteorological factors,*** PASC ranges were 3.53%-33.77%,12.93%-36.90%,and 20.67%-39.34%for the combinations one,two,and three driving facto

关键词： synergistic effects precipitation runoff variations atmospheric circulations multiple wavelet coherence Yellow River Basin

Unraveling the Effects of Austenitizing Temperature and Austenite Grain Size on the Crystallographic Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of Martensitic Transformation Products in a Low‑Alloy Steel

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2023年第4期36卷 694-704页

作者： Binbin Wu Fangzhong Hu Zhiquan Wang shaopeng yang Rui Zhong Chengjia Shang Zhigang yang Chi Zhang Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Technical Center Masteel Co.Ltd.Ma’anshan 243000China Collaborative Innovation Center of Steel Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China yangjiang Branch Guangdong Laboratory for Materials Science and Technology(Yangjiang Advanced Alloys Laboratory)Yangjiang 529500China

The influence of austenitizing temperature and austenite grain size on the crystallographic characteristics and mechanical properties of transformation products was investigated in a low-alloy *** at a lower temperature after austenitization at 1050℃ can reduce the vacancy concentration and enhance the stability of austenite,thereby determining the martensite-start(Ms)temperature and density of twin-related V1/V2 variant pairs.V1/V2 variant pairs are predominately generated by autocatalytic nucleation,which can promote transformation by *** at 800℃ after austenitization at 1050℃ generated the highest content of V1/V2 variant pairs,which contributed to high values of strength,Charpy impact energy,and *** addition to refining the austenite grain size,niobium(Nb)microalloying increases the packet boundaries of the transformation products,mainly because the refined austenite grains provide more nucleation sites for the martensitic ***,the density of block boundaries decreases after austenite refinement by Nb microalloying,owing to insufficient autocatalytic nucleation.

关键词： Steel Martensite Transformation Nucleation Variant

Fluorine,chlorine,and gallium co-doped zinc oxide transparent conductive films fabricated using the sol-gel spin method

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Journal of Materiomics 2023年第4期9卷 745-753页

作者： Liwei Che Jianmin Song Jinzheng yang Xiaoyang Chen Junjie Li Nan Zhang shaopeng yang Yanfeng Wang College of Sciences Hebei North UniversityPhotovoltaic Conductive Film Engineering Research Center of Hebei ProvinceZhangjiakou075000China College of Sciences Hebei Agriculture UniversityBaoding071001China Department of Intelligence Reconnaissance Special Police Academy of the Chinese People's Armed Police ForceBeijing102211China Province-Ministry Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Technology of Hebei Province Hebei UniversityBaoding071002China

Transparent conductive films(TCFs)are crucial components of solar *** this study,F,Cl,and Ga codoped ZnO(FCGZO)TCFs were deposited onto a glass substrate using the sol-gel spin-coating method and rapid thermal *** effects of F-doping content on the structural,morphological,electrical,and optical properties of FCGZO films were examined by XRD,TEM,FE-SEM,PL spectroscopy,XPS,Hall effects testing,and UVeviseNIR *** prepared ZnO films exhibited a hexagonal wurtzite structure and preferentially grew along the c axis perpendicular to the *** in the doping concentration of F changed the interplanar crystal spacing and O vacancies in the *** a doping ratio of 2%(in mole),the F,Cl,and Ga co-doped ZnO film exhibited the best photoelectric performance,with a carrier concentration of 2.62×10^(20)cm^(-3),mobility of 14.56 cm^(2)/(V·s),and resistivity of 1.64×10^(-3)*** average transmittance(AT)in the 380-1600 nm region nearly 90%with air as the reference,and the optical band gap was 3.52 eV.

关键词： ZnO transparent Conductive films Sol-gel spin coating Electrical property Optical property

Improving the efficiency of organic photovoltaic cells by introducing an ultrathin modification layer with a strong dipole moment

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2012年第14期57卷 1655-1658页

作者： FU GuangSheng KONG WeiGuang HAN LingJie yang QiMan HOU LiXin yang shaopeng College of Physics Science and Technology Hebei University Baoding 071002 China China Lucky Film Corporation Baoding 071054 China

A method to improve the efficiency of organic photovoltaic cells through inclusion of an ultrathin modification layer of Al2O3 or LiF sandwiched between poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-polystyrene sulfonic acid(PEDOT:PSS) and indium tin oxide layers is *** of the strong dipole moments of LiF and Al2O3,either can enhance the built-in electric field,which increases the probability of the carriers reaching the corresponding *** addition,the low work function of PEDOT:PSS can decrease the energy barrier for carrier transmission.A 21.7% improvement in the power conversion efficiency of experimental devices was achieved,mainly because the short circuit current was enhanced by almost 30%.

关键词：有机光伏电池偶极矩改性层超薄 PEDOT 聚苯乙烯磺酸电源转换效率铟锡氧化物

Enhancing the power conversion efficiency of PCDTBT:PC_(71)BM polymer solar cells using a mixture of solvents

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第3期59卷 297-300页

作者： shaopeng yang Ye Zhang Tao Jiang Xuefeng Sun Chaoqun Lu Guang Li Xiaowei Li Guangsheng Fu Hebei Key Laboratory of Optic-electronic Information Materials College of Physics Science and TechnologyHebei University

Organic polymer solar materials are shown to exhibit better solubility in mixed solvents than in pure ones,which affects the performance of their solar *** this article,poly[N-9-hepta-decanyl-2,7-carbazole-alt-5,5-(4.7-di-2-thienyI-2,l,3-benzothiadiazole)(PCDTBT0)and[6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester(PC_(71)BM)are used as active layer materials in solar *** optimize the performance of these active materials,the ratio of chloroform(CF)to chlorobenzene used as solvents to dissolve PCDTBT,and PC_(71)BM is varied,which is shown to affect power conversion efficiency(PCE).The solar cell that shows the best performance with a PCE as high as 6.82%is produced using a volume ratio of CF to chlorobenzene of1:1.

关键词：太阳能电池材料有机聚合物电源转换效率溶剂比混合物功率转换效率最佳性能苯并噻二唑

Study on time-resolved fluorescence dynamics of cyanine dye sensitizing AgBr

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2008年第3期51卷 243-250页

作者： yang shaopeng FAN ShanShan LI ChunLei FAN GuoZhi MENG Tao LI XiaoWei FU GuangSheng AI XiCheng ZHAO XiaoHui YE JianPing WANG LingXuan College of Physics Science&Technology Hebei UniversityBaoding 071002China Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100080China

The fluorescence spectra of three different dyes adsorbed on the tabular and cubic AgBr microcrystals are obtained by the picosecond time-resolved streak camera technique. The dependence of the ultrafast electron transferring from dye-aggre-gates to the conduction band of AgBr and the efficiency of spectral sensitization on different kinds of dyes with different concentrations is analyzed. Further more,the microcosmic mechanism of the sensitization process is discussed. It is found that the fluorescence decay curves are fitted very well by the double exponential func-tion,consisting of a slow component and a fast one with large amplitude. We con-sider this fast one mainly attributable to the electron transfer from dye J-aggre-gates to the conduction band of AgBr.

关键词： spectral sensitization electron transfer rate Streak Camera AgBr

Enhanced Efficiency and Reproducibility in Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells by Simple Post Processing over the Hole Transport Layer

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Enhanced Efficiency and Reproducibility in Inverted Perovski...

第六届新型太阳能电池材料科学与技术学术研讨会

作者： Kang Chen shaopeng yang Hebei Key Laboratory of Optic-electronic Information and Materials College of Physics Science and TechnologyHebei University

In recent years, perovskite solar cells with inverted structures have become increasingly attractive due to their low temperature solution process, cost-effectiveness and suppressed notorious hysteresis characteristics. At the same time, PTAA has become one of the most widely used hole transport layer(HTL) materials in inverted perovskite solar cells due to it has a high hole mobility and has a good energy level matching with the perovskite absorption layer. However, bare PTAA film was so smooth and non-wetting as to the perovskite precursor solution has little drag force on the hydrophobic surface of PTAA, and the solution processed perovskite on PTAA usually has a poor coverage to the substrate with large pinholes so that the efficiency and repeatability of the device are greatly adversely affected. In this work, we use chlorobenzene(CB) to wash PTAA films as a simple strategy to greatly improve the quality of perovskite films, and then significantly increase the efficiency and reproducibility of PSCs. It is found that PTAA can anchor on ITO surface through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) analysis. This study provides a simple and convenient direction for the preparation of high quality perovskite films.

关键词： perovskite solar cells drag force high quality perovskite films XPS

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海底管线作用下沙质海床冲刷深度的计算

哈尔滨工程大学学报 2018年第6期39卷 984-989页

作者：杨少鹏拾兵中国海洋大学工程学院山东青岛266100

针对海底管线在输送石油过程中出现的管线冲刷问题,采用物理模型试验并控制一系列不同的试验变量,研究了单向恒定流作用下,海底管线未安装阻流器、安装阻流器及不同间隙比作用下,其下方海床冲刷深度的变化规律。试验结果显示,冲刷深度... 详细信息

针对海底管线在输送石油过程中出现的管线冲刷问题,采用物理模型试验并控制一系列不同的试验变量,研究了单向恒定流作用下,海底管线未安装阻流器、安装阻流器及不同间隙比作用下,其下方海床冲刷深度的变化规律。试验结果显示,冲刷深度随雷诺数及阻流器高度的增加而增加;冲刷深度随间隙比的增大而减小,同时根据海床冲刷停止的流速公式(冲止流速),认为动水休止角是冲止流速的主要影响参数。利用流体的连续性条件,从不同角度推导了管线安装阻流器且有间隙比条件下冲刷坑深度的计算公式。结果表明:冲止流速、管线周围流场分布是冲刷深度的决定因素。经试验数据与计算公式的对比验证发现,计算值与试验值吻合良好,本文建立的公式能反应冲刷坑深度的变化规律,在实际工程应用中可适当参考此公式。

关键词：海底管线单向恒定流阻流器间隙比冲止流速动水休止角流场分布冲刷深度

Enhanced efficiency in perovskite solar cells by eliminating the electron contact barrier between the metal electrode and electron transport layer

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Enhanced efficiency in perovskite solar cells by eliminating...