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Current status and challenges of pig-to-human organ xenotransplantation

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 829-831页

作者： Minghui fang Yong-Guang yang Zheng hu Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration&Transplantation of Ministry of Education and National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human DiseasesThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130061China

Organ shortage is a global *** collected by the Global Observatory on Donation and Transplantation reveals that over 150,000 solid organ transplants are conducted globally each year,a 52%increase from 2010(http://***/... 详细信息

关键词： globally global shortage

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Superior compound coatings prepared by low-temperature vanadium-nitrocarburizing duplex treatment

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1828-1835页

作者： Gen Jin fang-fang Xu Xun-Xun hu Yue Xu School of Chemistry Beihang UniversityBeijing100191China Guobiao(Beijing)Testing and Certification Co. LtdBeijing100088China School of Materials Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing100191China

Superior compound coatings were prepared on CK45 steel surface by vanadium-nitrocarburizing duplex treatment in low-temperature salt *** this study,the microhardness,the phase constitution and the compositional distribution in the coatings prepared under different conditions were systematically *** results indicated that the reactions among activated vanadium,carbon and nitrogen atoms occurred on the steel surface,leading to the formation of compound coatings composed of outermost and compound *** mechanism for the formation of compound layer as well as the growth kinetics of the layer was also *** the duplex treatment,the wear and corrosion resistances of steel surface were significantly *** was found that the growth kinetics of compound layer obeyed the parabolic law,with the activation energy of 122.82 kJ·moL^(-1).

关键词： Vanadium-nitrocarburizing duplex treatment Compound coatings Microstructure Formation mechanism Growth kinetics

Machine learning and bioinformatics to identify biomarkers in response to Burkholderia pseudomallei infection in mice

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BIOCELL 2024年第4期48卷 613-621页

作者： YAO fang FEI XIA FEIFEI TIAN L EI QU fang yang JUAN fang ZHENHONG hu HAICHAO LIU Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine General Hospital of Center Theater of PLAWuhan430070China School of Medicine Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430065China School of Life Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu611756China

Objective:In the realm of Class I pathogens,Burkholderia pseudomallei(BP)stands out for its propensity to induce severe *** the intricate interactions between BP and host cells is imperative for comprehending the dynamics of BP infection and discerning biomarkers indicative of the host cell response ***:mRNA extraction from BP-infected mouse macrophages constituted the initial step of our *** gene expression arrays,the extracted RNA underwent conversion into digital *** percentile shift method facilitated data processing,with the identiﬁcation of genes manifesting signiﬁcant differences accomplished through the application of the ***,a comprehensive analysis involving Gene Ontology enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway was conducted on the differentially expressed genes(DEGs).Leveraging the ESTIMATE algorithm,gene signatures were utilized to compute risk scores for gene expression *** vector machine analysis and gene enrichment scores were instrumental in establishing correlations between biomarkers and macrophages,followed by an evaluation of the predictive power of the identiﬁed ***:The functional and pathway associations of the DEGs predominantly centered around G protein-coupled receptors.A noteworthy positive correlation emerged between the blue module,consisting of 416 genes,and the ***4,identiﬁed through support vector machine analysis among intersecting genes,indicated a robust interaction with macrophages,suggesting its potential as a robust ***4 exhibited commendable predictive efﬁcacy,with BP infection inducing its expression in both macrophages and mouse lung *** blotting in macrophages conﬁrmed a signiﬁcant upregulation of FZD4 expression from 0.5 to 24 h *** mouse lung tissue,FZD4 manifested higher expression in the cytoplasm of pulmonary epithelial cells in BP-infected lungs than in the

关键词： Burkholderia pseudomallei Microarray assay Machine learning Bioinformatics FZD4

Nociceptors and Macrophages in Bacterial Meningitis:Partners in Crime?

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第3期40卷 418-420页

作者： fang Gao Hongzhen hu The Kimberly and Eric J.Waldman Department of Dermatology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew York NY10029USA The Nash Family Department of Neuroscience Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew York NY10029USA The Mark Lebwohl Center for Neuroinfammation and Sensation Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew York NY10029USA Friedman Brain Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew York NY10029USA

Bacterial meningitis is a serious and potentially life-threatening infection that affects the protective layers surrounding the brain and spinal cord,known as the *** types of bacteria,including Streptococcus pneumoniae,Neisseria meningitidis,and Haemophilus influenzae,can cause this *** populations,such as infants,children,immunocompromised adults,and the elderly,are particularly vulnerable to these *** of bacterial meningitis can manifest suddenly and may include high fever,severe and persistent headache,stiff neck,vomiting,sensitivity to light,and confusion or changes in mental state[1,2].Identifying these symptoms in infants can be more challenging and may lead to long-term disability or death[3].Despite the effectiveness of vaccines,it is crucial to understand how bacteria invade the brain and how our innate immune system responds to infection(Fig.1).

关键词： protective infection suddenly

Grain size effect on the assembly quality of micro-scaled barrel formed by microforming

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Advances in Manufacturing 2024年第1期12卷 19-32页

作者： Dien hu Jieyichen fang Feng Zeng Ming-Wang Fu Department of Mechanical Engineering Research Institute of Advanced ManufacturingThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongPeople’s Republic of China Xiamen Yulong Machinery Co.Ltd. Xiamen361023FujianPeople’s Republic of China

In this research,a method employing micro-extrusion was designed to produce the micro-scaled barrel-shaped parts with complex geometrical features to study the feasibility of the proposed microforming method and its grain size effect on the formability of the complicated internal features in terms of deformation behavior,material evolution,accuracy of dimensions and final components *** results reveal that the deformation behavior is highly affected by grain size and becomes unpredictable with increased grain *** addition,assembly parameters including feature dimension,tolerance and coaxiality also vary with grain size,and the variation of grain size needs to be accommodated by different assembly types,viz.,clearance fit or transition *** the microstructural evolution aspect,it was identified there were two dead zones and four shear bands,and the formation of these deformation zones was barely affected by the variation in grain *** bulges,cracks,and fracture induced voids were observed on the surface of the final components,tailoring the microstructure of the working material with finer grains could significantly avoid these *** study advances the understanding of forming microparts by extrusion processes and provides guidance for microforming of similar microparts.

关键词： Microformed part Size effect Extrusion Microstructural evolution Dimensions Assembly accuracy

Effect of catalyst diesel particulate filter aging and catalyst loadings on particulate emission characteristics from a diesel vehicle

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 35-44页

作者： Yunhua Zhang Diming Lou Piqiang Tan Zhiyuan hu Liang fang School of Automotive Studies Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China

In this study,the effect of new and used catalyzed diesel particulate filter(CDPF)with different catalyst loadings on the particulate emissions including the particle mass(PM),particle number(PN),particle size distribution(PSD)and geometric mean diameter(GMD)from a diesel vehicle were investigated based on a heavy chassis *** showed that more than 97.9%of the PN and 95.4%of the PM were reduced by the CDPF,and the reduction efficiency was enhanced by the catalyst *** using the CDPF,the PSD transformed from bimodal to trimodal with the peak shifting towards smaller particle size,more nucleation mode particles were reduced compared with accumulation mode ones,but the reduction effect on the accumulation mode particles was more significantly influenced by the catalyst ***,the CDPF increased the accumulation mode particles proportion,producing a larger *** the used CDPF,its reduction effect on the particulate emissions enhanced,especially for the PM in accumulation *** PSD returned to bimodal,but the peak at accumulation mode began to be higher than that at nucleation mode,illustrating that more nucleation mode particles was *** aging of the CDPF resulted in greater effect on the PN-based PSD than that of PM-based PSD,but the effect of catalyst loading on the PN and PM emission factors was *** used CDPF further increased the GMD,and the effect of catalyst loading on the GMD was strengthened,a higher catalyst loading led to a reduction in the GMD.

关键词： Catalyzed diesel particulate filter (CDPF) Catalyst loading Aging Particle Particle size distribution Geometric mean diameter

Structural characteristics and drivers of greenhouse gas emissions at county-level and long-time scales:A case study of the Anji County,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期140卷 319-330页

作者： Zhouxiang Cai Liting hu Di Chen Ying Zhang Xuekun fang College of Environmental&Resource Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Center for Global Change Science Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139United States Anji Meteorological Bureau Anji 313300China

To achieve carbon neutrality,the Chinese government needs to gain a comprehensive understanding of the sources and drivers of greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions,particularly at the county *** County in eastern China is a typical example of an industrial transformation from quarrying to a low-carbon *** study analyzed the decoupling types and structural characteristics of GHG emissions and the driving factors of carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emissions in the Anji from 2006 to 2019,and explored the differences between countylevel and provincial-level or city-level *** was observed that energy-related activities are the main source of GHG emissions in Anji and that economic development is the driving factor behind the increasing CO_(2)***,industrial transformation and upgradation coupled with the alternative use of clean energy limit the growth of GHG *** study details the GHG emissions of county during the industrial transformation stage and provides corresponding policy recommendations for county governments.

关键词： County GHG emissions Decoupling Driving factors Policy recommendations

Privacy-Preserving Healthcare and Medical Data Collaboration Service System Based on Blockchain and Federated Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 2897-2915页

作者： fang hu Siyi Qiu Xiaolian yang ChaoleiWu Miguel Baptista Nunes hui Chen College of Information Engineering Hubei University of Chinese MedicineWuhan430065China College of Information Engineering Zhongnan University of Economics and LawWuhan430073China School of Advanced Technologies Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySuzhou215400China School of Information Management Central China Normal UniversityWuhan430079China

As the volume of healthcare and medical data increases from diverse sources,real-world scenarios involving data sharing and collaboration have certain challenges,including the risk of privacy leakage,difficulty in data fusion,low reliability of data storage,low effectiveness of data sharing,*** guarantee the service quality of data collaboration,this paper presents a privacy-preserving Healthcare and Medical Data Collaboration Service System combining Blockchain with Federated Learning,termed *** system is composed of three layers:Data extraction and storage,data management,and data *** on healthcare and medical data,a healthcare and medical blockchain is constructed to realize data storage,transfer,processing,and access with security,real-time,reliability,and *** improved master node selection consensus mechanism is presented to detect and prevent dishonest behavior,ensuring the overall reliability and trustworthiness of the collaborative model training ***,healthcare and medical data collaboration services in real-world scenarios have been discussed and *** further validate the performance of FL-HMChain,a Convolutional Neural Network-based Federated Learning(FL-CNN-HMChain)model is investigated for medical image *** model achieves better performance compared to the baseline Convolutional Neural Network(CNN),having an average improvement of 4.7%on Area Under Curve(AUC)and 7%on Accuracy(ACC),***,the probability of privacy leakage can be effectively reduced by the blockchain-based parameter transfer mechanism in federated learning between local and global models.

关键词： Blockchain technique federated learning healthcare and medical data collaboration service privacy preservation

Outlier-resistant distributed fusion filtering for nonlinear discrete-time singular systems under a dynamic event-triggered scheme

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2024年第2期25卷 237-249页

作者： Zhibin hu Jun hu Cai CHEN Hongjian LIU xiaojian YI Department of Applied Mathematics Harbin University of Science and TechnologyHarbin150080China Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Optimization Control and Intelligent Analysis for Complex Systems Harbin University of Science and TechnologyHarbin150080China School of Automation Harbin University of Science and TechnologyHarbin150080China School of Mathematics and Physics Anhui Polytechnic UniversityWuhu241000China School of Mechatronical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China yangtze Delta Region Academy of Beijing Institute of Technology Jiaxing314003China Tangshan Research Institute Beijing Institute of TechnologyTangshan063099China

This paper investigates the problem of outlier-resistant distributed fusion filtering(DFF)for a class of multi-sensor nonlinear singular systems(MSNSSs)under a dynamic event-triggered scheme(DETS).To relieve the effect of measurement outliers in data transmission,a self-adaptive saturation function is ***,to further reduce the energy consumption of each sensor node and improve the efficiency of resource utilization,a DETS is adopted to regulate the frequency of data *** the addressed MSNSSs,our purpose is to construct the local outlier-resistant filter under the effects of the measurement outliers and the DETS;the local upper bound(UB)on the filtering error covariance(FEC)is derived by solving the difference equations and minimized by designing proper filter ***,according to the local filters and their UBs,a DFF algorithm is presented in terms of the inverse covariance intersection fusion *** such,the proposed DFF algorithm has the advantages of reducing the frequency of data transmission and the impact of measurement outliers,thereby improving the estimation ***,the uniform boundedness of the filtering error is discussed and a corresponding sufficient condition is ***,the validity of the developed algorithm is checked using a simulation example.

关键词： Distributed fusion filtering Multi-sensor nonlinear singular systems Dynamic event-triggered scheme Outlier-resistant filter Uniform boundedness