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The early life immune dynamics and cellular drivers at single-cell resolution in lamb forestomachs and abomasum

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 218-235页

作者： Kailang huang Bin yang Zebang Xu Hongwei Chen Jiakun Wang Institute of Dairy Science College of Animal SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition Ministry of EducationZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Background Four-chambered stomach including the forestomachs(rumen,reticulum,and omasum)and abomasum allows ruminants convert plant fiber into high-quality animal *** early development of this four-chambered stomach is crucial for the health and well-being of young ruminants,especially the immune ***,the dynamics of immune development are poorly *** We investigated the early gene expression patterns across the four-chambered stomach in Hu sheep,at 5,10,15,and 25 days of *** found that forestomachs share similar gene expression patterns,all four stomachs underwent widespread activation of both innate and adaptive immune responses from d 5 to 25,whereas the metabolic function were significantly downregulated with *** constructed a cell landscape of the four-chambered stomach using single-cell *** transcriptomic and single-cell transcriptomic analyses revealed that the immune-associated module hub genes were highly expressed in T cells,monocytes and macrophages,as well as the defense-associated module hub genes were highly expressed in endothelial cells in the four-stomach ***,the non-immune cells such as epithelial cells play key roles in immune *** communication analysis predicted that in addition to immune cells,non-immune cells recruit immune cells through macrophage migration inhibitory factor signaling in the *** Our results demonstrate that the immune and defense responses of four stomachs are quickly developing with age in lamb's early *** also identified the gene expression patterns and functional cells associated with immune ***,we identified some key receptors and signaling involved in immune *** results help to understand the early life immune development at single-cell resolution,which has implications to develop nutritional manipulation and health management strategies based on specific targets including key

关键词： Early life Forestomachs Four-chambered stomach Immune cells Immune system maturation MIF signaling Rumen Ruminant development Single-cell transcriptomic sequencing

Acoustofluidics-enhanced biosensing with simultaneously high sensitivity and speed

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第3期10卷 335-346页

作者： Yuang Li yang Zhao yang yang Wenchang Zhang Yun Zhang Sheng Sun Lingqian Zhang Mingxiao Li Hang Gao Chengjun huang Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029P.R.China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408P.R.China Department of Medicine Brigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA

Simultaneously achieving high sensitivity and detection speed with traditional solid-state biosensors is usually limited since the target molecules must passively diffuse to the sensor surface before they can be *** techniques have been applied to shorten the diffusion time by continuously moving molecules through the biosensing ***,the binding efficiencies of the biomolecules are still limited by the inherent laminar flow inside microscale *** this study,focused traveling surface acoustic waves were directed into an acoustic microfluidic chip,which could continuously enrich the target molecules into a constriction zone for immediate detection of the immune reactions,thus significantly improving the detection sensitivity and *** demonstrate the enhancement of biosensing,we first developed an acoustic microfluidic chip integrated with a focused interdigital transducer;this transducer had the ability to capture more than 91%of passed ***,polystyrene microbeads were pre-captured with human IgG molecules at different concentrations and loaded for detection on the *** representative results,~0.63,2.62,11.78,and 19.75 seconds were needed to accumulate significant numbers of microbeads pre-captured with human IgG molecules at concentrations of 100,10,1,and 0.1 ng/mL(~0.7 pM),respectively;this process was faster than the other methods at the hour level and more sensitive than the other methods at the nanomolar *** results indicated that the proposed method could significantly improve both the sensitivity and speed,revealing the importance of selective enrichment strategies for rapid biosensing of rare molecules.

关键词： fluid continuously simultaneous

Multiple regulatory roles of the transfer RNA-derived small RNAs in cancers

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第2期11卷 597-613页

作者： Yu Zhang Xinliang Gu yang Li Yuejiao huang Shaoqing Ju Medical School of Nantong University Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu 226001China Department of Laboratory Medicine Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu 226001China Research Center of Clinical Medicine Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu 226001China Department of Medical Oncology Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu 226001China

With the development of sequencing technology,transfer RNA(tRNA)-derived small RNAs(tsRNAs)have received extensive attention as a new type of small noncoding *** on the differences in the cleavage sites of nucleases on tRNAs,tsRNAs can be divided into two categories,tRNA halves(tiRNAs)and tRNA-derived fragments(tRFs),each with specific subcellular ***,the biogenesis of tsRNAs is tissue-specific and can be regulated by tRNA *** this review,we first elaborated on the classification and biogenesis of *** summarizing the latest mechanisms of tsRNAs,including transcriptional gene silencing,post-transcriptional gene silencing,nascent RNA silencing,translation regulation,rRNA regulation,and reverse transcription regulation,we explored the representative biological functions of tsRNAs in ***,this review summarized the clinical value of tsRNAs in cancers,thus providing theoretical support for their potential as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

关键词： Biogenesis Biological function Cancer Mechanism Therapeutic strategy tsRNAs

Highly Improved Creep Resistance in Polypropylene Through Thermally Reduced Graphene Oxide and Its Creep Lifetime Prediction

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第2期42卷 256-266,I0010页

作者： Can-Can Zhang Jun-Long yang Ya-Jiang huang Guang-Xian Li College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of ChinaSichuan UniversityChengdu610065China

Polypropylene(PP) exhibits suboptimal creep resistance due to the presence of methyl groups on its main chain, leading to irregular chain segment distribution, diminished inter-chain interaction, and crystallinity. This structural feature causes chain slippage in PP under stress,significantly constraining its service lifetime. In this study, thermally reduced graphene oxide(TrGO) nanosheets were incorporated into the PP matrix, yielding a nanocomposite with exceptional creep resistance performance. Results demonstrated that at a stress of 25 MPa, a 2.0 wt% TrGO content could enhance the creep failure lifetime of PP by 21.5 times compared to neat PP. Rheology, transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) characterization techniques were employed to analyze the mechanism of TrGO's influence on PP's creep behavior. It was observed that when TrGO content exceeded 1.0 wt%, an effective particle network structure formed within the PP matrix. This homogeneously dispersed TrGO-formed particle network structure restricted the migration and rearrangement of PP molecular chains, enabling prolonged stress resistance without structural failure. By combining the time-strain superposition method with the critical failure strain as a criterion, generalized creep compliance curves for PP and its composites were established, facilitating the prediction of material creep failure lifetimes, with a strong agreement between experimental and predicted lifetime values. This research proposes a novel strategy aimed at developing polypropylene materials and products with enhanced long-term stability and durability, thus extending service life, reducing failure risk, and broadening their potential across various application domains.

关键词： Thermally reduced graphene oxide Polypropylene Creep failure and lifetime prediction

Stochastic Gradient Compression for Federated Learning over Wireless Network

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China Communications 2024年第4期21卷 230-247页

作者： Lin Xiaohan Liu Yuan Chen Fangjiong huang yang Ge Xiaohu School of Electronic and Information Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China Key Laboratory of Dynamic Cognitive System of Electromagnetic Spectrum Space Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China School of Electronic Information and Communications Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

As a mature distributed machine learning paradigm,federated learning enables wireless edge devices to collaboratively train a shared AI-model by stochastic gradient descent(SGD).However,devices need to upload high-dimensional stochastic gradients to edge server in training,which cause severe communication *** address this problem,we compress the communication by sparsifying and quantizing the stochastic gradients of edge *** first derive a closed form of the communication compression in terms of sparsification and quantization ***,the convergence rate of this communicationcompressed system is analyzed and several insights are ***,we formulate and deal with the quantization resource allocation problem for the goal of minimizing the convergence upper bound,under the constraint of multiple-access channel *** show that the proposed scheme outperforms the benchmarks.

关键词： federated learning gradient compression quantization resource allocation stochastic gradient descent(SGD)

Gas-generating polymersomes-based amplified photoimmunotherapy for abscopal effect and tumor metastasis inhibition

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第6期35卷 456-461页

作者： Chenlu huang Xinyu yang Qingyu Yu Linhua Zhang Dunwan Zhu Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology for Cancer ImmunotherapyInstitute of Biomedical EngineeringChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjin 300192China

Due to the heterogeneity of tumors,single phototherapy cannot completely ablate tumors and inhibit tumor *** overcome these,we formulated targeted and multifunctional polymersomes ABC@ICGIMQ-LHRH(AIRL)that encapsulated Toll-like receptor(TLR)7/8 agonist imiquimod(IMQ)and photosensitizer indocyanine green(ICG)in the hydrophobic layer as well as bubble-generator NH_(4)HCO_(3) in the hydrophilic cavity to inhibit the growth of primary and distant tumors,and prevent tumor metastasis through synergistic *** AIRL polymersomes exhibited uniform and stable size,and high drug encapsulation efficiency,acid/reduction/laser responsiveness,excellent photothermal conversion efficiency,effective reactive oxygen species generation,high tumor *** could be effectively internalized by dendritic cells(DCs),achieve lysosome escape and enhance DCs *** synergistic photoimmunotherapy via AIRL polymersomes remarkably promoted the differentiation and activation of T cells,elevated strong systemic immune response to eradicate primary tumors and inhibit the growth of distant ***,the endurable immunological memory prevented tumor metastasis,which provided a promising nanoplatform for the combination therapy of cancer.

关键词： Polymersomes Phototherapy Immunotherapy TLR 7/8 agonist Gas-generating

Microstructures and micromechanical behaviors of high -entropy alloys investigated by synchrotron X-ray and neutron diffraction techniques: A review

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第6期31卷 1333-1349页

作者： Yubo huang Ning Xu Huaile Lu yang Ren Shilei Li Yandong Wang Beijing Advanced Innovation Center of Materials Genome Engineering State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and MaterialsUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China AnSteel Beijing Research Institute Co.Ltd. Beijing 102200China Spallation Neutron Source Science Center Dongguan 523803China Department of Physics City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Institute for Materials Intelligent Technology Liaoning Academy of MaterialsShenyang 110004China

High-entropy alloys(HEAs)possess outstanding features such as corrosion resistance,irradiation resistance,and good mechan-ical properties.A few HEAs have found applications in the fields of aerospace and *** studies on the deformation mech-anisms of HEAs can guide microstructure control and toughness design,which is vital for understanding and studying state-of-the-art structural *** X-ray and neutron diffraction are necessary techniques for materials science research,especially for in situ coupling of physical/chemical fields and for resolving macro/microcrystallographic information on ***,several re-searchers have applied synchrotron X-ray and neutron diffraction methods to study the deformation mechanisms,phase transformations,stress behaviors,and in situ processes of HEAs,such as variable-temperature,high-pressure,and hydrogenation *** this review,the principles and development of synchrotron X-ray and neutron diffraction are presented,and their applications in the deformation mechanisms of HEAs are *** factors that influence the deformation mechanisms of HEAs are also *** review fo-cuses on the microstructures and micromechanical behaviors during tension/compression or creep/fatigue deformation and the application of synchrotron X-ray and neutron diffraction methods to the characterization of dislocations,stacking faults,twins,phases,and intergrain/interphase stress *** on future developments of synchrotron X-ray and neutron diffraction and on research directions on the deformation mechanisms of novel metals are discussed.

关键词： high-entropy alloys microstructures micromechanical behaviors synchrotron X-ray diffraction neutron diffraction

Maximum initial primary wave model for low-Froude-number reservoir landslides based on wave theory

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第8期21卷 2664-2680页

作者： LI yang huang Bolin QIN Zhen DONG Xingchen HU Lei National Field Observation and Research Station of Landslides in Three Gorges Reservoir Area of yangtze River Yichang 443002China College of Civil Engineering&Architecture China Three Gorges UniversityYichang 443002China

The impulse waves induced by large-reservoir landslides can be characterized by a low Froude ***,systematic research on predictive models specifically targeting the initial primary wave is *** the Shuipingzi 1#landslide that occurred in the Baihetan Reservoir area of the Jinsha River in China as an engineering example,this study established a large-scale physical model(with dimensions of 30 m×29 m×3.5 m at a scale of 1:150)and conducted scaled experiments on 3D landslide-induced impulse *** the process in which a sliding mass displaced and compressed a body of water to generate waves,the maximum initial wave amplitude was found to be positively correlated with the sliding velocity and the volume of the *** the increase in the water depth,the wave amplitude initially increased and then *** duration of pressure exertion by the sliding mass at its maximum velocity directly correlated with an elevated wave *** on the theories of low-amplitude waves and energy conservation,while considering the energy conversion efficiency,a predictive model for the initial wave amplitude was *** model could fit and validate the functions of wavelength and wave *** accuracy of the initial wave amplitude was verified using physical experiment data,with a prediction accuracy for the maximum initial wave amplitude reaching 90%.The conversion efficiency(η)directly determined the accuracy of the estimation *** clear conditions for landslide-induced impulse wave generation,estimating the value ofηthrough analogy cases was *** study has derived the landslide-induced impulse waves amplitude prediction formula from the standpoints of wave theory and energy conservation,with greater consideration given to the intrinsic characteristics in the formation process of landslide-induced impulse waves,thereby enhancing the applicability and extensibility of the *** can facilitate the development

关键词： Three-dimensional physical model experiments Reservoir-landslide-induced impulse wave Energy conversion efficiency Landslide-induced impulse wave prediction model Shuipingzi 1#landslide

MIL-100(V) derived porous vanadium oxide/carbon microspheres with oxygen defects and intercalated water molecules as high-performance cathode for aqueous zinc ion battery

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第3期90卷 578-589,I0013页

作者： Yuexin Liu Jian huang Xiaoyu Li Jiajia Li Jinhu yang Kefeng Cai Shanghai Key Laboratory of Development and Application for Metal-Functional Materials Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering MaterialsMinistry of EducationSchool of Materials Science&EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 201804China State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China Research Center for Translational Medicine East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200092China

The development of aqueous zinc ion battery cathode materials with high capacity and high magnification is still a ***,porous vanadium oxide/carbon(p-VO_(x)@C,mainly VO_(2) with a small amount of V_(2)O_(3)) core/shell microspheres with oxygen vacancies are facilely fabricated by using a vanadium-based metal-organic framework(MIL-100(V)) as a sacrificial *** unique structure can improve the conductivity of the VO_(x),accelerate electrolyte diffusion,and suppress structural collapse during ***,H_(2)O molecules are introduced into the interlayer of VO_(x) through a highly efficient in-situ electrochemical activation process,facilitating the intercalation and diffusion of zinc *** the activation,an optimal sample exhibits a high specific capacity of 464.3 mA h g^(-1) at0.2 A g^(-1) and 395.2 mA h g^(-1) at 10 A g^(-1),indicating excellent rate ***,the optimal sample maintains a capacity retention of about 89.3% after 2500 cycles at 10 A g^(-1).Density functional theory calculation demonstrates that the presence of oxygen vacancies and intercalated water molecules can significantly reduce the diffusion barrier for zinc *** addition,it is proved that the storage of zinc ions in the cathode is achieved by reversible intercalation/extraction during the charge and discharge process through various ex-situ analysis *** work demonstrates that the p-VO_(x)@C has great potential for applications in aqueous ZIBs after electrochemical activation.

关键词： Metal-organic frameworks Vanadium oxide Carbon Zn-ion batteries Electrochemical activation