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Smad4 and ERK2 stimulated by transforming growth factor betal in rhabdomyosarcoma

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Chinese Medical Journal 2007年第6期120卷 515-521页

作者： GUO hua ZHANG Hong-ying WANG Shou-li YE LU yang guang-hua BU Hong Department of Pathology West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China Department of Pathology Peking University First Hospital Beijing 100034 China Department of Pathology Medical School Soochow University Suzhou 215007 China

Background Transforming growth factor beta （TGF-beta） plays an essential role in the regulation of normal physiologic processes of cells. TGF-beta has been shown to regulate several mitogen-activated protein kinases （MAPK） pathways in several epithelial cells. However, the effects of TGF-beta on soft tissue sarcoma are seldom reported. Our previous studies suggested that there should be some other signal transduction pathways besides Smads, which are important to regulate the growth of human embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma （RMS） cells. In the present study, we examined the expression and functional relations of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 （ERK2） and Smad4 in human RMS tissue and a RMS cell line, RD. Methods RD cells and normal human primary skeletal myoblasts （Mb） were treated with TGF-betal to establish the expression profile of ERK2 at the mRNA and protein levels detected by RT-PCR and immunofluorescence. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of ERK2 and Smad4 in 50 tissue specimens of human RMS and 23 specimens of normal skeletal muscles. Follow-up of specimens was performed 6 months to 70 months later. Results RD cells and human RMS tissues showed the higher expression of ERK2 and Smad4 than the normal control, either the protein level or the mRNA level. And, exogenous TGF-betal stimulation can lead to higher expression of ERK2 and its nuclear translocation, so TGF-betal can also activatedMAPK （ERK2） pathway, resulting in a sustained activation of ERK2 for at least 2 hours. Immunohistochemistry analysis, however, showed that there was no correlation between ERK2 and Smad4 protein. The overexpression of ERK2 and Smad4 had no indicative effects on histological subtypes, histological grading, gender, age, and prognosis. Conclusions In RMS, signaling of TGF-betal from cell surface to nucleus can also be directed through the MAPK （ERK2） pathway besides the TGF-betal/Smads pathway. The activation of ERK2 by TGF-betal may be Smad4 independent. M

关键词： transforming growth factor betal mitogen-activated prtein kinase Smad4 rhabdomyosarcoma

Clinicopathological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural study of 13 cases of melanotic schwannoma

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Chinese Medical Journal 2005年第17期118卷 1451-1461页

作者： ZHANG Hong-ying yang guang-hua CHEN Hui-jiao WEI Bing KE Qi GUO hua YE Lü BU Hong yang Ke ZHANG Yuan-heng Department of Pathology West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China Department of Southwestern Petroleum College Nanchong 637001 China

Melanotic schwannoma is a rare variant of schwannoma composed of melanin-producing cells with ultrastructural features of schwann cells. The description of the course of the tumors differs somewhat, but it is generally considered as a benign lesion. We investigated the clinicopathologic features, immunophenotypes, and ultrastructural features of 13 patients with nonpsammomatous melanotic schwannoma （NPMS）.

关键词： melanotic schwannoma melanoma diagnosis, differential microscopy, electron pathology immunohistochemistry

Diabetic retinopathy identification based on multi-sourcefree domain adaptation

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第7期17卷 1193-1204页

作者： guang-hua Zhang guang-Ping Zhuo Zhao-Xia Zhang Bin Sun Wei-hua yang Shao-Chong Zhang School of Big Data Intelligent Diagnosis&Treatment Industry Taiyuan UniversityTaiyuan 030032Shanxi ProvinceChina Shanxi Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optimization Computing and Blockchain Technology Taiyuan Normal UniversityTaiyuan 030619Shanxi ProvinceChina Shanxi Eye Hospital Taiyuan 030002Shanxi ProvinceChina College of Computer Science and Technology Taiyuan Normal UniversityTaiyuan 030619Shanxi ProvinceChina Shenzhen Eye Institute Shenzhen Eye HospitalJinan UniversityShenzhen 518040Guangdong ProvinceChina

AIM:To address the challenges of data labeling difficulties,data privacy,and necessary large amount of labeled data for deep learning methods in diabetic retinopathy(DR)identification,the aim of this study is to develop a source-free domain adaptation(SFDA)method for efficient and effective DR identification from unlabeled ***:A multi-SFDA method was proposed for DR *** method integrates multiple source models,which are trained from the same source domain,to generate synthetic pseudo labels for the unlabeled target ***,a softmax-consistence minimization term is utilized to minimize the intra-class distances between the source and target domains and maximize the inter-class *** is performed using three color fundus photograph datasets(APTOS2019,DDR,and EyePACS).RESULTS:The proposed model was evaluated and provided promising results with respectively 0.8917 and 0.9795 F1-scores on referable and normal/abnormal DR identification *** demonstrated effective DR identification through minimizing intra-class distances and maximizing inter-class distances between source and target ***:The multi-SFDA method provides an effective approach to overcome the challenges in DR *** method not only addresses difficulties in data labeling and privacy issues,but also reduces the need for large amounts of labeled data required by deep learning methods,making it a practical tool for early detection and preservation of vision in diabetic patients.

关键词： diabetic retinopathy multisource-free domain adaptation pseudo-label generation softmaxconsistence minimization

Clinicopathologic features of pleomorphic hyalinizing angiectatic tumor of soft parts

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Chinese Medical Journal 2007年第10期120卷 876-881页

作者： KE Qi Erbolat ZHANG Hong-ying BU Hong LI Sheng SHI Dan-ni yang guang-hua CHEN Hui-jiao WEI Bing Department of Pathology West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China Department of Pathology Kuitun Hospital Yili 833200 Xinjiang China Department of Pathology Langzhong Hospital Langzhong 637400 China Department of Pathology Luzhou Hospital Luzhou 646000 China

Background Pleomorphic hyalinizing angiectatic tumor （PHAT） of soft parts is a rare soft tissue tumor, which is generally considered low-grade. To distinguish the tumor from other soft tissue lesions, we analyzed the clinicopathologic and ultrastructural features, immunophenotypes, and flow cytometric DNA ploidy of PHAT in 9 cases. Methods PHAT specimens were collected from 9 patients with PHAT from 1990 to 2004. Each specimen was cut into pieces and stained with hematoxylin-eosin, phosphotungstic acid-hematoxylin, Prussian blue, and Masson trichrome, respectively. Immunohistochemical stains for vimentin, S-100 protein, CD34, CD31, CD99, VEGF, desmin, CDl17, α-SMA, and MIB-1 were performed with the Envision system. Flow cytometry was used in four specimens, two of which were observed by electron microscopy. Results In the 9 cases, the PHAT occurred at the lower extremity in 2 patients, inguinal in 2, waist in 1, forearm in 1, buttock in 1, foot in 1, and the chest wall in 1. All the lesions presented in the superficial subcutaneous tissues. Follow-up data were available in 7 of the patients, among whom 2 （28.6%） had recurrence after primary therapy. Microscopically, typical PHAT was characterized by sheet-like proliferation of spindle or pleomorphic cells and clusters of thin-walled hyalinized cstatic vessels. In some areas of the tumor, hemosiderin-laden spindle cells, numerous small single vessels, and myxoid extracellular matrix could be identified, indicating an ＂atypical PHAT＂. Mitotic figures were rare in all the cases In 5 of the 9 patients （55.6%）, the tumor was typical PHAT; and in the other 4 （44.4%）, typical and atypical PHAT coexisted. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells were positive for vimentin, CD34, CD99, and VEGF, but negative for S-100 protein, desmin, SMA, and CD31. In all the cases, the MIB-1 proliferative activity of the neoplastic cells was lower than 2%. Ultrastructural analysis did not reveal any evidence of specific differentiat

关键词： pleomorphic hyalinizing angiectatic tumor soft tissue neoplasms

Counterion-Mediated Hydrogen Bonding Making Strong Polyelectrolytes pH-Responsive:Current Understanding and Perspectives

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第9期42卷 1270-1277,I0005页

作者： Yue huang guang-Tao Mei Zan hua guang-Ming Liu Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of Chemical PhysicsKey Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education InstitutesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids Ministry of Educationand Department of Materials ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceAnhui Normal UniversityWuhu214002China

The counterion-mediated hydrogen bonding(CMHB)is related to the hydrogen bonding between bound counterions and polyelectrolyte chains in polyelectrolyte systems,where the counterions can both electrostatically bind to the charged groups of polyelectrolyte chains and act as hydrogen bond donors or acceptors to form hydrogen bonds with the hydrogen bond sites associated with polyelectrolyte chains simultaneously.A large number of literatures illustrate that strong polyelectrolytes(SPs)are insensitive to pH,which severely limmits the applications of SPs as smart ***,our studies have demonstrated that the CMHB makes SPs *** perspective discusses the mechanism of pH responsiveness of SPs and the pH-tunable properties of SPs,based on the pH-controlled CMHB *** future research directions on the pH responsiveness of SPs are also discussed *** is anticipated that the study of the pH responsiveness of SPs not only will provide a new understanding of the fundamental properties of SPs,but also will greatly expand the applications of SPs in the field of smart materials.

关键词： Counterion binding Hydrogen bond Polyelectrolyte brush Polyelectrolyte complexation

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地基沉降计算的困难与突破

岩土工程学报 2019年第10期41卷 1893-1898页

作者：杨光华广东省水利水电科学研究院广东省岩土工程技术研究中心

太沙基(Terzaghi)创立土力学理论已近百年,但土力学的两个最基本的问题也是工程设计应用最广的内容:地基沉降计算和承载力合理确定还没有很好的解决,以致土力学被称为是一门半理论半经验的“艺术”科学。问题的根源是什么?如何突破?能... 详细信息

太沙基(Terzaghi)创立土力学理论已近百年,但土力学的两个最基本的问题也是工程设计应用最广的内容:地基沉降计算和承载力合理确定还没有很好的解决,以致土力学被称为是一门半理论半经验的“艺术”科学。问题的根源是什么?如何突破?能使理论更接近实际一点吗?这里介绍我们所做的一些工作和思考,就是分析沉降计算不准的原因是由于室内土样试验获得的参数与现场原位土试验获得的参数差异大,同时通常的沉降计算方法难以考虑土体应力水平产生的侧向变形引起的非线性沉降。建议对硬土地基采用原位压板试验建立的切线模量法计算地基的沉降,可以解决原位土参数和应力非线性的问题,对软土主要是解决应力非线性问题。对合理确定地基承载力,应该计算实际基础的荷载沉降曲线,由基础的荷载沉降曲线,用强度和变形双控的方法,才能合理的确定地基的承载力。希望抛砖引玉,共同努力,推进学科发展。

关键词：沉降计算切线模量法地基承载力

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土钉支护中土钉力和位移的计算问题

岩土力学 2012年第1期33卷 137-146页

作者：杨光华广东省水利水电科学研究院广东省岩土工程技术研究中心广州510610

土钉支护是一种比较经济的支护方式,工程实践中已广泛应用,但其设计理论则相对缺乏。针对目前土钉支护设计中存在的主要问题,即土钉力和土钉支护位移的计算分析,以工程实测资料为背景,根据侧壁主动土压力与总土钉力相等的原则,考虑施工... 详细信息

土钉支护是一种比较经济的支护方式,工程实践中已广泛应用,但其设计理论则相对缺乏。针对目前土钉支护设计中存在的主要问题,即土钉力和土钉支护位移的计算分析,以工程实测资料为背景,根据侧壁主动土压力与总土钉力相等的原则,考虑施工过程的影响和增量法的思想,提出了基于经验和理论相结合的土钉力计算公式。按照弹性力学理论,对由于土的开挖引起支护的土体侧移提出了简易的位移计算公式。通过工程实测检验了公式的正确性。这些计算公式简便,其结果较符合实际,较好地解决了土钉支护设计的主要问题,可为工程设计提供参考。

关键词：土钉支护土钉力土钉墙位移增量法

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现代地基设计理论的创新与发展

岩土工程学报 2021年第1期43卷 1-18页

作者：杨光华广东省水利水电科学研究院广东广州510635 广东省岩土工程技术研究中心广东广州510635

主要介绍了依据现场原位压板载荷试验而建立的一套地基设计的新理论。地基设计中地基沉降计算与地基承载力合理确定的问题是土力学中的经典问题。现代土力学理论虽然发展了土的本构模型和现代数值计算方法,解决了非线性等复杂的计算难题... 详细信息

主要介绍了依据现场原位压板载荷试验而建立的一套地基设计的新理论。地基设计中地基沉降计算与地基承载力合理确定的问题是土力学中的经典问题。现代土力学理论虽然发展了土的本构模型和现代数值计算方法,解决了非线性等复杂的计算难题,但实际工程设计中,目前采用的仍是传统的半理论半经验的方法,这是土力学理论创立近百年以来都没很好解决的一个问题。问题的根本原因是什么?应如何破解?本文认为对于结构性的硬土地基,传统理论依据室内土样试验求参数,由于取样扰动等的影响,这样得到的参数不能反映原位土的特性,从而使依据这些参数计算的结果与实际结果差异大。为解决这个难题,依据现场原位压板载荷试验曲线建立了切线模量法的计算模型并反算出模型的3个土体参数:初始切线模量E_(t0),黏聚力c和内摩擦角φ。该法所需参数少,物理意义明确,参数来源于现场原位试验,避免了取样扰动影响,精度可靠,可以计算基础沉降的非线性直到破坏的全过程。对于地基承载力,提出了用切线模量法计算实际基础的荷载沉降的p–s曲线,根据p–s曲线依据强度和变形双控的原则确定最合适的地基承载力的方法,实现变形控制设计,解决了以往直接由压板载荷试验曲线确定承载力存在的尺寸效应问题。对软土地基的沉降计算,在Duncan-Chang模型基础上,用压缩试验的e–p曲线构建了非线性沉降的实用计算方法,并建立了用压缩模量E_(s1-2)求e–p曲线的方法,这样只用压缩模量E_(s1-2)即可进行非线性沉降计算。由于一般饱和软土的E_(s1-2)为2~4 MPa,变化范围小,参数简单而较为可靠,从而使方法易于应用。该项研究为破解土力学的百年难题提供了新的思路,值得进一步发展完善,为现代地基设计提供更科学的新方法。

关键词：地基沉降承载力切线模量法压板载荷试验

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土的现代本构理论的发展回顾与展望

岩土工程学报 2018年第8期40卷 1363-1372页

作者：杨光华广东省水利水电科学研究院华南理工大学土木与交通学院广东省岩土工程技术研究中心

土的本构模型是现代土力学的核心和关键。自从剑桥弹塑性模型创立以来,土的本构模型历经了50多年的研究,建立的模型数以百计,但真正能为工程所应用的则很少,如何更好地发展岩土本构模型？为此,回顾和分析了各种建立岩土本构模型的理论,... 详细信息

土的本构模型是现代土力学的核心和关键。自从剑桥弹塑性模型创立以来,土的本构模型历经了50多年的研究,建立的模型数以百计,但真正能为工程所应用的则很少,如何更好地发展岩土本构模型？为此,回顾和分析了各种建立岩土本构模型的理论,认为要较好解决岩土本构模型的问题,首先要有适合岩土材料的本构理论,传统应用的一些理论用于岩土材料是有其局限性的。广义位势理论是一种普遍和方便的建模理论。本构模型的验证除在主空间上进行试验验证外,更合理的应该是进行边值问题的验证。同时,要使模型能用于工程设计,则应发展参数易于确定的模型,还需要解决模型参数的合理确定问题,对于天然岩土材料,由于取样扰动等的影响,室内参数与原位土差异较大,发展基于原位试验的模型参数确定方法,可能是解决的途径。

关键词：本构理论广义位势理论进展与展望