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Facile Surface Engineering of NiCo_(2.O_(4) to Boost Propane Oxidation Activity

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china Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2024年第1期26卷 19-26页

作者： yang Jialei Wang Fengyi Lei yang Zhang Mingchao Sun Shiqiang Xu Wenfan Ke Jiaxiang Wu Haojie Li Xingyun Qi {2. Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment College of Materials Science and EngineeringQingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hubei Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion and New Carbon MaterialsWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China department of Burn and Plastic Surgery Qingdao Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Rehabilitation UniversityQingdao 266000China State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Spinel oxide(NiCo_(2.O_(4))has demonstrated great potential to replace noble metal catalysts for the oxidation reaction of air *** further boost the oxidation ability of such catalysts,in this study,a facile surface-engineering strategy wherein NiCo_(2.O_(4) was treated with different alkali solvents was *** obtained catalyst(NiCo_(2.O_(4)-OH)showed a higher surface alkalinity and more surface defects compared to the pristine spinel oxide,including enhanced structural distortion as well as promoted oxygen *** propane oxidation ability of NiCo_(2.O_(4)-OH was greatly enhanced,with a propane conversion rate that was approximately 6.4 times higher than that of pristine NiCo_(2.O_(4) at a reaction temperature 193℃.This work sets a valuable paradigm for the surface modulation of spinel oxide via alkali treatment to ensure a high-performance oxidation catalyst.

关键词： NiCo_(2.O_(4) surface defects alkali treatment propane oxidation

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LD Pumped Q-Switching and Self-starting Mode-locked All Fiber Laser

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Chinese Journal of Lasers 1995年第3期B4卷 229-234页

作者： ZHANG jian LI Jinghui jianG Xing LIU Xiaoming PENG jiangde(department of Electronic Engineering, tsinghua University, beijing 100084, china) tsinghua Univ Beijing China

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关键词： Q-switching passively mode-locking fiber laser

How variable progenitor clones construct a largely invariant neocortex

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 129-144页

作者： Zhongfu Shen Jiajun yang Qiangqiang Zhang Kuiyu Wang Xiaohui Lv Xiaolin Hu jian Ma Song-Hai Shi New Cornerstone Science Laboratory IDG/McG overn Institute for Brain Research Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure School of Life Sciences Tsinghua University department of Computer sciences Tsinghua University College of Life sciences Nankai University Chinese Institute for Brain Research

The neocortex contains a vast collection of diverse neurons organized into distinct layers. While nearly all neocortical neurons are generated by radial glial progenitors(RGPs), it remains largely unclear how a complex yet organized neocortex is constructed reliably and robustly. Here, we show that the division behavior and neuronal output of RGPs are highly constrained with patterned variabilities to support the reliable and robust construction of the mouse neocortex. The neurogenic process of RGPs can be well-approximated by a consistent Poisson-like process unfolding over time, producing deep to superficial layer neurons progressively. The exact neuronal outputs regarding layer occupation are variable; yet, this variability is constrained systematically to support all layer formation, largely reflecting the variable intermediate progenitor generation and RGP neurogenic entry and exit timing differences. Together, these results define the fundamental features of neocortical neurogenesis with a balanced reliability and variability for the construction of the complex neocortex.

关键词： neocortex radial glial progenitor intermediate progenitor neurogenesis clonal variability layer formation

Solidification crack characteristics and sensitivity of peritectic steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第7期31卷 1668-1679页

作者： Ya-qiang Li jian-hua Liu Zi-ming Wang Ying-ying Li yang He Xiao-wei Li department of Automotive Engineering Hebei Vocational University of Technology and EngineeringXingtai 054000HebeiChina Hebei Special Vehicle Modification Technology Innovation Center Hebei Vocational University of Technology and EngineeringXingtai 054000HebeiChina Institute of Engineering Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering Changzhou UniversityChangzhou 213164JiangsuChina

The characteristics and sensitivity of solidification cracks in peritectic steels were investigated using directional solidifi-cation *** cracks were observed in both hypoperitectic steels(12.rlMoV,15CrMo)and hyper-peritectic steel(2.CrMo)during solidification at growth velocities of 15,50,and 80 pm/*** the dendritic boundaries,sulphide precipitates were found,promoting crack *** on the statistical analysis of interdendritic cracks in peritectic steels,the area ratio(RA)of interdendritic cracks in a directional solidification structure was proposed to evaluate the crack sensitivity of peritectic ***,the crack sensitivities of peritectic steels(12.rlMoV,15CrMo,and 2.CrMo)were tested,evaluated,and compared with the surface crack rates of three types of steels produced from a steel *** results demonstrated that RA was in good agreement with that of the steel plant,and the crack sensitivity of 12.rlMoV steel was the strongest,followed by that of 15CrMo and 2.CrMo ***,RA can be used to evaluate the crack sensitivity of peritectic steel.

关键词： Peritectic steel-Directional solidification Growth velocity Dendritic structure Solidification crack Crack sensitivity

Growth of ablative Rayleigh-Taylor instability induced by time-varying heat-flux perturbation

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第1期9卷 85-93页

作者： yang Liu De-Hua Zhang Jing-fei Xin Yudong Pu Jun Li Tao Tao Dejun Sun Rui Yan {2. Zheng department of Modern Mechanics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Deep Space Exploration Laboratory Hefei 230026China Laser Fusion Research Center China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621900China Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing 100094China department of Plasma Physics and Fusion Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui 230026China Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA(CICIFSA) Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-intense Laser Science Shanghai 201800China

The evolution of ablative Rayleigh–Taylor instability(ARTI)induced by single-mode stationary and time-varying perturbations in heat flux is studied numerically in two *** with the stationary case,time-varying heat-flux perturbation mitigates ARTI growth because of the enhanced thermal smoothing induced by the wave-like traveling heat flux.A resonance is found to form when the phase velocity of the heat-flux perturbation matches the average sound speed in the ablation *** the resonant regime,the coherent density and temperature fluctuations enhance the electron thermal conduction in the ablation region and lead to larger ablation pressure and effective acceleration,which consequently yield higher linear growth rate and saturated bubble *** enhanced effective acceleration offers increased implosion velocity but can also compromise the integrity of inertial confinement fusion shells by causing faster ARTI growth.

关键词： perturbation stationary acceleration

Underestimated Methane Emissions from Solid Waste Disposal Sites Reveal Missed Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Opportunities

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Engineering 2024年第5期36卷 12-15页

作者： Yao Wang Chuanbin zhou Ziyang Lou Houhu Zhang Abid Hussain Liangtong Zhan Ke Yin Mingliang Fang Xunchang {2. School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China department of Environmental Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Nanjing Institute of Environmental sciences Ministry of Ecology and EnvironmentNanjing 210042China department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Carleton UniversityOttawaON K1S 5B6Canada Ministry of Education(MOE)Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China department of Environmental Engineering School of Biology and the EnvironmentNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

*** Cities are responsible for approximately 70%of all anthropogenic greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions and about 60%of all anthropogenic methane(CH4)emissions[1,2..Solid waste disposal sites(including landfills and dumpsites),which are prevalent in global cities,emit CH4 generated from the anaerobic biodegradation of municipal solid waste(MSW).Notably,the proportions of CH4 emissions from disposal sites surpass 50%of the total CH4 emissions in some megalopolises[3].CH4 has a high global warming potential(GWP),being 2. times stronger than carbon dioxide(CO_(2.)over a 100-year period and 80 times stronger over a 2.-year period[4].Understanding and mitigating CH4 emissions from solid waste disposal sites is particularly pertinent and pressing,considering that the latest Synthesis Report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC)emphasizes that the current pace of mitigation and adaptation policies and measures falls short of restraining global temperature rise to under 1.5℃ within the 2.st century[4].More than 150 countries signed the Global Methane Pledge at the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Glasgow(COP2.),which aims to reduce global annual CH4 emissions by 30%by 2.30,compared with emissions in 2.2.[5].

关键词： landfill Solid restrain

Parallel Driving with Big Models and Foundation Intelligence in Cyber-hysical-ocial Spaces

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Research 2024年第2期2024卷 1-17页

作者： Xiao Wang Jun Huang Yonglin Tian Chen Sun Lie yang Shanhe Lou Chen Lv Changyin Sun fei-Yue Wang School of Artificial Intelligence Anhui UniversityHefeiChina Macao University of Science and Technology MacaoChina State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina MVSLab Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics EngineeringUniversity of Waterloo200 University Ave WestWaterlooON N2L3G1Canada School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore

Recent years have witnessed numerous technical breakthroughs in connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs). On the one hand, these breakthroughs have significantly advanced the development of intelligent transportation systems (ITSs);on the other hand, these new traffic participants introduce more complex and uncertain elements to ITSs from the social space. Digital twins (DTs) provide real-time, data-driven, precise modeling for constructing the digital mapping of physical-world ITSs. Meanwhile, the metaverse integrates emerging technologies such as virtual reality/mixed reality, artificial intelligence, and DTs to model and explore how to realize improved sustainability, increased efficiency, and enhanced safety. More recently, as a leading effort toward general artificial intelligence, the concept of foundation model was proposed and has achieved significant success, showing great potential to lay the cornerstone for diverse artificial intelligence applications across different domains. In this article, we explore the big models embodied foundation intelligence for parallel driving in cyber-physical-social spaces, which integrate metaverse and DTs to construct a parallel training space for CAVs, and present a comprehensive elucidation of the crucial characteristics and operational mechanisms. Beyond providing the infrastructure and foundation intelligence of big models for parallel driving, this article also discusses future trends and potential research directions, and the ?S?goals of parallel driving.

关键词： breakthrough integrate corners

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基于加权循环算法的高分辨成像波形设计

舰船科学技术 2024年第10期46卷 126-131页

作者：周飞俞健上海船舶电子设备研究所上海201108 中国船舶集团有限公司工程管理中心北京100097

为实现感兴趣区域目标的高分辨成像,MIMO-SAS声呐(Multiple Input Multiple output SyntheticAper-tureSonar,MIMO-SAS)一般采用长的发射信号对目标进行照射,但发射信号过长会导致近距离目标和远距离目标回波产生混叠,从而引起距离模糊... 详细信息

为实现感兴趣区域目标的高分辨成像,MIMO-SAS声呐(Multiple Input Multiple output SyntheticAper-tureSonar,MIMO-SAS)一般采用长的发射信号对目标进行照射,但发射信号过长会导致近距离目标和远距离目标回波产生混叠,从而引起距离模糊,影响目标成像质量。为了抑制距离向的模糊,通常的做法是降低脉冲重复率,然而脉冲重复率过低会导致MIMO-SAS方位向欠采样,使回波信号频谱相互混叠,声呐成像时会在方位向出现珊瓣,很难把目标回波有效分离出来。针对这个问题,提出一种基于加权循环算法(Muti-sequenceWeightedCyclic Algorithms,Multi-WeCAN)的阵列发射波形设计方法,通过计算机仿真发现,相比传统的发射波形,在不改变脉冲重复率的情况下,通过Multi-WeCAN波形设计方法能够有效抑制回波混叠,提高MIMO-SAS目标的成像质量。

关键词：多输入多输出合成孔径声呐加权循环算法波形设计

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Improving Removal Efficiency of Organic Matters by Adding Phosphorus in Drinking Water Biofiltration Treatment

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Biomedical and Environmental sciences 2003年第1期16卷 29-39页

作者： XIN YU, XIAO-jian ZHANG, AND ZHAN-SHENG WANGdepartment of Environmental Science and Engineering, {2. University, beijing 100084, china department of Environmental Science and Engineering Tsinghua University 北京 100084

Objective To investigate phosphorus limitation and its effect on the removal efficiency of organic matters in drinking water biological treatment. Methods Bacterial growth potential (BGP) method and a pair of parallel pilot-scale biofilters were used for the two objectives, respectively. Results The addition of phosphorus could substantially increase the BGPs of the water samples and the effect was stronger than that of the addition of carbon. When nothing was added into the influents, both CODMn removals of the parallel biofilters (BF1 and BF2. were about 15%. When phosphate was added into its influent, BF1 performed a CODMn removal, 6.02.percentage points higher than the control filter (BF2. and its effluent had a higher biological stability. When the addition dose was 2.μg. L-1, no phosphorus pollution would occur and there was a good linear relationship between the microbial utilization of phosphorus and the removal efficiency of organic matters. Conclusions Phosphorus was a limiting nutrient and its limitation was stronger than that of carbon. The addition of phosphate was a practical way to improve the removal efficiency of organic matters in drinking water biological treatment.

关键词： Drinking water Biofiltration Phosphorus Limiting nutrient Organic matters Biological stability

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