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Journal of Arid Land 2020年第2期12卷 215-226页

作者： LIU Weichao FU Shuyue yan shengji REN Chengjie WU Shaojun DENG Jian LI Boyong HAN Xinhui yanG Gaihe College of Agronomy Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Research Center of Recycle Agricultural Engineering and Technology of Shaanxi Province Yangling 712100China School of Life Science Yan'an UniversityYan'an 716000China

Succession is one of the central themes of ecology;however,the relationship between aboveground plant communities and underground soils during secondary succession remains *** this study,we investigated the composition of plant community,plant-soil C:N:P stoichiometry and their relationships during secondary succession after the abandonment of farmlands for 0,10,20,30,40 and 50 a in China,*** showed that the composition of plant communities was most diverse in the farmlands after secondary succession for 20 and 50 *** organic carbon and total nitrogen contents slightly decreased after secondary succession for 30 a,but both were significantly higher than those of control farmland(31.21%-139.10%and 24.24%-121.21%,respectively).Moreover,C:N ratios of soil and microbe greatly contributed to the changes in plant community composition during secondary succession of abandoned farmlands,explaining 35.70%of the total ***,soil C:N ratio was significantly and positively related with the Shannon-Wiener *** study provides the evidence of synchronous evolution between plant community and soil during secondary succession and C:N ratio is an important linkage between them.

关键词： C:N ratio soil nutrient plant community restoration loess hilly region

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我国农田氧化亚氮排放的时空特征及减排途径

作物杂志 2022年第3期 1-8页

作者：严圣吉尚子吟邓艾兴张卫建中国农业科学院作物科学研究所北京100081 中国农业科学院农业农村碳达峰碳中和研究中心北京100081

氧化亚氮(N_(2)O)是全球第三大温室气体,农田生态系统是人为N_(2)O排放的重要来源,约占全球人为排放的30%。明确我国农田N_(2)O的排放特征、关键过程与影响因子,有助于因地制宜制定减排技术途径及行动方案。氮肥施用是农田N_(2)O排放的... 详细信息

氧化亚氮(N_(2)O)是全球第三大温室气体,农田生态系统是人为N_(2)O排放的重要来源,约占全球人为排放的30%。明确我国农田N_(2)O的排放特征、关键过程与影响因子,有助于因地制宜制定减排技术途径及行动方案。氮肥施用是农田N_(2)O排放的关键因子,国家统计数据发现,我国农田氮肥用量在2001-2007年呈上升趋势,之后趋于稳定,2014年开始下降,其中华东地区用量最高;农田N_(2)O排放总量也于2015年达到最高点,之后出现下降态势,总体呈现南高北低的特征。文献综合表明,农田N_(2)O排放主要由土壤反硝化过程主导,人为氮素添加是决定排放高低的首要影响因子。基于上述结果,在选用氮高效作物品种降低土壤N_(2)O排放的前提下,华东等施肥量高的地区可采取优化施肥比例、增施缓控释肥等途径,实现氮肥增效减量减排;在设施农地和果园等田间设施条件较好的农田,可采用水肥一体化滴灌等增效减排措施;在作物多熟种植地区,除了氮肥减量减排外,还可增加豆科作物布局,采用禾豆轮作等减排措施。最后,对农田N_(2)O减排的科技创新和政策创设等方面提出了一些建议,包括完善农田N_(2)O减排理论、创新智慧农业及高效施肥技术、健全碳监测评价体系以及碳减排激励政策与机制等,助力尽早实现我国碳达峰与碳中和目标。

关键词：作物生产气候变化氧化亚氮关键过程影响因素减排途径

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肝动脉化疗栓塞联合射频消融治疗原发性肝癌疗效的观察

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医学理论与实践 2019年第24期32卷 3948-3950页

作者：陈俊严生基李凯王晨关荣高飞新疆石河子市人民医院

目的:观察肝动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)和射频消融(RFA)及TACE联合RFA治疗原发性肝癌的可行性、安全性疗效。方法:回顾分析我院2014年1月—2018年1月期间81例资料完整的原发性肝癌病患者,同期42例行TACE治疗,25例行RFA治疗,联合治疗组14例。三... 详细信息

目的:观察肝动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)和射频消融(RFA)及TACE联合RFA治疗原发性肝癌的可行性、安全性疗效。方法:回顾分析我院2014年1月—2018年1月期间81例资料完整的原发性肝癌病患者,同期42例行TACE治疗,25例行RFA治疗,联合治疗组14例。三组患者治疗后定期复查甲胎蛋白(AFP)并行CT跟踪随访,观察各组患者术后的AFP浓度下降率,缓解率,6个月、1年、2年生存率。结果:TACE组患者缓解率为52.4%,6个月、1年、2年生存率分别为:81.6%、62.5%、42.7%;RFA组患者缓解率为68.0%,6个月、1年、2年生存率分别为:91.9%、85.8%、52.4%;联合治疗组患者缓解率为85.7%,6个月、1年、2年生存率分别为:100.0%、90.5%、66.9%;三组患者血清AFP浓度较术前均明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论:RFA、TACE治疗肝癌可行、安全、有效。初步提示RFA与TACE联合治疗肝癌可行、安全,且疗效优于单纯TACE或RFA治疗。

关键词：肝癌栓塞化疗射频消融

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农业温室气体排放统计核算体系的规范化建设

中国农业科学 2023年第22期56卷 4467-4477页

作者：张卫建尚子吟张俊严圣吉邓艾兴张鑫郑成岩宋振伟中国农业科学院作物科学研究所中国农业科学院碳达峰碳中和研究中心

农业是人类的衣食之源，也是人为温室气体(Greenhouse Gas,GHG)排放(尤其是甲烷(CH4)和氧化亚氮(N2O))及其减排的重要部门。开展科学规范的GHG统计核算，不仅是农业碳排放清单编制、碳减排交易核验、碳减排补贴以及低碳农产品认证等工... 详细信息

农业是人类的衣食之源，也是人为温室气体(Greenhouse Gas,GHG)排放(尤其是甲烷(CH4)和氧化亚氮(N2O))及其减排的重要部门。开展科学规范的GHG统计核算，不仅是农业碳排放清单编制、碳减排交易核验、碳减排补贴以及低碳农产品认证等工作的基础，也是农业减排固碳政策制定和技术选用及行动方案落实的决策依据。为此，在系统梳理国内外农业GHG统计核算相关规范和方法及标准的基础上，本文针对现有统计制度体系不健全、计量方法不完善和核算结果不确定等问题，就农业GHG统计核算体系建设提出以下建议。首先，健全和完善统计核算制度体系，明确责任主体。在我国现有的农业统计和面源污染监测报告等体系基础上，加强统计监测(Monitoring,M)、报告(Reporting,R)和核验(Verifying,V)的MRV体系建设，优化调整现有政策与机构安排，明晰农业GHG统计核算和减排固碳行动的责任主体。其次，补充和完善统计核算标准和方法。结合国际最新的标准和方法以及我国农业生产实际与发展规划，对我国农业领域相关标准和方法进行补充与完善。比如补充生物炭施用、生态农场、高标准农田建设和秸秆综合利用等农业综合固碳和光伏农场能源替代，以及石灰和尿素施用、反刍动物饲养和农区淡水养殖等GHG排放的统计核算标准与方法；修订间接排放的统计核算标准与方法，并针对农业减排固碳开发新的CCER(Chinese Certified Emission Reduction)方法学。第三，加强数据库更新与升级。通过科技创新和数据积累，并结合田间监测和模型估测等，对现有基础数据、活动数据和排放因子数据等进行更新升级。另外，还需开发统计核算标准与方法配套的应用软件，开展科普宣传和技术培训与应用示范。本文可以为农业温室气体排放清单编制指南的修订提供参考，为农业碳减排交易的核验和低碳农产品认证的碳足迹评价体系构建等提供支撑。

关键词：粮食安全气候变化绿色低碳发展碳排放清单碳减排交易 MRV方法体系

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秸秆还田下水稻丰产与甲烷减排的技术模式

作物杂志 2021年第6期 230-235页

作者：张俊邓艾兴尚子吟唐志伟严圣吉张卫建中国农业科学院作物科学研究所北京100081 中国农业科学院农业农村碳达峰碳中和研究中心北京100081

依托作者主持的"十三五"国家重点研发计划项目,提出了一种新型实用的秸秆好氧还田耕作与水稻丰产减排栽培的稻作新模式,并总结分析了该模式大面积示范的综合效益及推广应用的技术要点。该稻作模式以秸秆切碎匀抛、稻田旱耕湿整和增密调... 详细信息

依托作者主持的"十三五"国家重点研发计划项目,提出了一种新型实用的秸秆好氧还田耕作与水稻丰产减排栽培的稻作新模式,并总结分析了该模式大面积示范的综合效益及推广应用的技术要点。该稻作模式以秸秆切碎匀抛、稻田旱耕湿整和增密调氮控水为关键技术,改善稻田耕层的通透性和水稻通气组织的输氧能力及抗倒防衰性能,提耕层和水稻根际氧含量,实现秸秆还田下水稻丰产与甲烷减排协同。在我国水稻主产区大面积示范中,产条件下取得氮肥利用增效30.2%~36.0%、稻作节本增收8.3%~9.7%和甲烷减排31.7%~75.7%的显著效果。最后就该稻作模式的大面积推广应用,从政府激励机制和配套技术等层面提出了一些建议。

关键词：水稻生产秸秆还田耕作制度甲烷减排粮食安全碳中和

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Morphology engineering of ZnO micro/nanostructures under mild conditions for optoelectronic application

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第2期32卷 498-503页

作者： Liang Chu Haoyu Shen Hudie Wei Hongyu Chen Guoqiang Ma Wensheng yan Institute of Carbon Neutrality and New Energy&School of Electronics and Information Hangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou 310018China School of Applied Physics and Materials Wuyi UniversityJiangmen 529020China

Zinc oxide(ZnO)serves as a crucial functional semiconductor with a wide direct bandgap of approximately 3.37 *** reaction is commonly used in the synthesis of ZnO micro/nanostructures,given its low cost,simplicity,and easy ***,ZnO morphology engineering has become desirable through the alteration of minor conditions in the reaction process,particularly at room *** this work,ZnO micro/nanostructures were synthesized in a solution by varying the amounts of the ammonia added at low temperatures(including room temperature).The formation of Zn^(2+)complexes by ammonia in the precursor regulated the reaction rate of the morphology engineering of ZnO,which resulted in various structures,such as nanoparticles,nanosheets,microflowers,and single ***,the obtained ZnO was used in the optoelectronic application of ultraviolet detectors.

关键词： morphology engineering low temperature ZnO nanosheets microflowers ultraviolet detector

Silk damping in scalar-induced gravitational waves: a novel probe for new physics

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 79-85页

作者： yan-Heng Yu Sai Wang Theoretical Physics Division Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Silk damping is well known in the study of cosmic microwave background（CMB） and accounts for suppression of the angular power spectrum of CMB on large angular multipoles. In this article, we study the effect of Silk damping on the scalar-induced gravitational waves（SIGWs）. Resulting from the dissipation of cosmic fluid, the Silk damping notably suppresses the energydensity spectrum of SIGWs on scales comparable to a diffusion scale at the decoupling time of weakly-interacting particles. The effect offers a novel observable for probing the underlying particle interaction, especially for those mediated by heavy gauge bosons beyond the standard model of particles. We anticipate that pulsar timing arrays are sensitive to gauge bosons with mass ～10～3-10～4 GeV, while space-and ground-based interferometers to those with mass ～10～7-1012GeV, leading to essential complements to on-going and future experiments of high-energy physics.

关键词： scalar-induced gravitational waves Silk damping new physics

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 366-377页

作者： Samuel Abokyi Dennis yan-yin Tse School of Optometry The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Research Center for SHARP Vision The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Center for Eye and Vision Research Sha TinHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

Retinal aging has been recognized as a significant risk factor for various retinal disorders,including diabetic retinopathy,age-related macular degeneration,and glaucoma,following a growing understanding of the molecular underpinnings of their *** comprehensive review explores the mechanisms of retinal aging and investigates potential neuroprotective approaches,focusing on the activation of transcription factor *** meta-analyses have demonstrated promising outcomes of transcription factor EB-targeted strategies,such as exercise,calorie restriction,rapamycin,and metformin,in patients and animal models of these common retinal *** review critically assesses the role of transcription factor EB in retinal biology during aging,its neuroprotective effects,and its therapeutic potential for retinal *** impact of transcription factor EB on retinal aging is cell-specific,influencing metabolic reprogramming and energy homeostasis in retinal neurons through the regulation of mitochondrial quality control and nutrient-sensing *** vascular endothelial cells,transcription factor EB controls important processes,including endothelial cell proliferation,endothelial tube formation,and nitric oxide levels,thereby influencing the inner blood-retinal barrier,angiogenesis,and retinal ***,transcription factor EB affects vascular smooth muscle cells,inhibiting vascular calcification and *** retinal pigment epithelial cells,transcription factor EB modulates functions such as autophagy,lysosomal dynamics,and clearance of the aging pigment lipofuscin,thereby promoting photoreceptor survival and regulating vascular endothelial growth factor A expression involved in *** cell-specific functions of transcription factor EB significantly impact retinal aging mechanisms encompassing proteostasis,neuronal synapse plasticity,energy metabolism,microvasculature,and inflammation,ultimately offering pro

关键词： age-related macular degeneration anti-aging interventions autophagy calorie restriction diabetic retinopathy exercise glaucoma neuromodulation phagocytosis photoreceptor outer segment degradation retinal aging transcription factor EB

后疫情时期医学院校智慧教育实践的现实困境和应对路径

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卫生职业教育 2022年第13期40卷 15-18页

作者：胡姗姗王莉严圣吉孙珊珊肖璐上海健康医学院上海207318

智慧教育是医学教育未来发展方向,医学院校智慧教育实践存在智慧教育概念认知模糊、智慧教育优质资源不足、智慧管理平台建设缺乏系统性及智慧型师资力量薄弱等问题。本文分析了医学院校智慧教育实践路径,并结合实例着重从智慧教学、智... 详细信息

智慧教育是医学教育未来发展方向,医学院校智慧教育实践存在智慧教育概念认知模糊、智慧教育优质资源不足、智慧管理平台建设缺乏系统性及智慧型师资力量薄弱等问题。本文分析了医学院校智慧教育实践路径,并结合实例着重从智慧教学、智慧实验实训、智慧资源等5个方面论述医学院校实现智慧教育的有效方法。

关键词：医学教育智慧教育医学院校

Autophagy-targeting modulation to promote peripheral nerve regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1864-1882页

作者： yan Chen Hongxia Deng Nannan Zhang Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology West China Second HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Women and Children’s Diseases Ministry of EducationSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Reproductive Regulation Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring West China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina

Nerve regeneration following traumatic peripheral nerve injuries and neuropathies is a complex process modulated by diverse factors and intricate molecular *** studies have focused on factors that stimulate axonal outgrowth and myelin ***,recent studies have highlighted the pivotal role of autophagy in peripheral nerve regeneration,particularly in the context of traumatic ***,autophagy-targeting modulation has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach to enhancing peripheral nerve *** current understanding suggests that activating autophagy facilitates the rapid clearance of damaged axons and myelin sheaths,thereby enhancing neuronal survival and mitigating injury-induced oxidative stress and *** actions collectively contribute to creating a favorable microenvironment for structural and functional nerve regeneration.A range of autophagyinducing drugs and interventions have demonstrated beneficial effects in alleviating peripheral neuropathy and promoting nerve regeneration in preclinical models of traumatic peripheral nerve *** review delves into the regulation of autophagy in cell types involved in peripheral nerve regeneration,summarizing the potential drugs and interventions that can be harnessed to promote this *** hope that our review will offer novel insights and perspectives on the exploitation of autophagy pathways in the treatment of peripheral nerve injuries and neuropathies.

关键词： autophagy autophagy related genes Charcot–Marie–Tooth diseases diabetic peripheral neuropathy metformin myelination peripheral nerve injury Schwann cells sciatic nerve Wallerian degeneration