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Large animal models for Huntington's disease research

Zoological Research 2024年第2期45卷 275-283页

作者： Bofeng Han Weien liang Xiao-Jiang Li Shihua Li Sen yan Zhuchi Tu Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao CNS Regeneration Institute of Jinan University Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration(Jinan University)-Ministry of EducationGuangdong Key Laboratory of Non-Human Primate ResearchGuangzhouGuangdong 510632China Department of Pathophysiology School of MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510632China

Huntington'sdisease(HD)isahereditary neurodegenerative disorder for which there is currently no effectivetreatmentavailable.Consequently,the development of appropriate disease models is critical to thoroughly investigate disease progression.The genetic basis of HD involves the abnormal expansion of CAG repeats in the huntingtin(HTT)gene,leading to the expansion of a polyglutamine repeat in the HTT protein.Mutant HTT carrying the expanded polyglutamine repeat undergoes misfolding and forms aggregates in the brain,which precipitate selective neuronal loss in specific brain regions.Animal models play an important role in elucidating the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders such as HD and in identifying potential therapeutic targets.Due to the marked species differences between rodents and larger animals,substantial efforts have been directed toward establishing large animal models for HD research.These models are pivotal for advancing the discovery of novel therapeutic targets,enhancing effective drug delivery methods,and improving treatment outcomes.We have explored the advantages of utilizing large animal models,particularly pigs,in previous reviews.Since then,however,significant progress has been made in developing more sophisticated animal models that faithfully replicate the typical pathology of HD.In the current review,we provide a comprehensive overview of large animal models of HD,incorporating recent findings regarding the establishment of HD knock-in(KI)pigs and their genetic therapy.We also explore the utilization of large animal models in HD research,with a focus on sheep,non-human primates(NHPs),and pigs.Our objective is to provide valuable insights into the application of these large animal models for the investigation and treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.

关键词： Huntington's disease Large animal models Sheep Non-human primates Transgenic pigs

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Evaluating the tumor stratification with a lysosomal pH sensitive-probe by fluorescence lifetime imaging

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第3期35卷 262-267页

作者： Jun yan Xing liang Qian Zhang Luolin Wang Weiying Lin Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical BiologySchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China

Owing to the anaerobic metabolism in the tumor,abundant acidic metabolites are produced and accumulated in the cells.Therefore,the cells in different tumor layers are directly linked to the pH micro-environment.Nevertheless,due to the lack of robust tools,the high-efficient evaluation of the acidic micro-environment of tumor stratification faces the challenge of accurate diagnosis.We designed a new pH sensitive fluorescent lifetime probe target to lysosomes.As we expected,the fluorescence lifetime of PLN possesses a good linear fit to the pH value,which could detect the pH change at a single lysosome level in real time,and then evaluate the different acidity of tumor stratification.The probe PLN is successfully used to evaluate the tumor stratification by fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy(FLIM)for the first time,which is of great significance in the preoperative diagnosis of clinical tumor treatment or evaluation of drug delivery effect.

关键词： FLIM pH Fluorescence imaging Lysosome Tumor imaging

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Application of the finite analytic numerical method to a flowdependent variational data assimilation

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第3期43卷 30-39页

作者： yan Hu Wei Li Xuefeng Zhang Guimei Liu liang Zhang Tianjin Key Laboratory for Marine Environmental Research and Service School of Marine Science and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China School of Marine Science and Technology Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center Ministry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100081China

An anisotropic diffusion filter can be used to model a flow-dependent background error covariance matrix,which can be achieved by solving the advection-diffusion equation.Because of the directionality of the advection term,the discrete method needs to be chosen very carefully.The finite analytic method is an alternative scheme to solve the advection-diffusion equation.As a combination of analytical and numerical methods,it not only has high calculation accuracy but also holds the characteristic of the auto upwind.To demonstrate its ability,the one-dimensional steady and unsteady advection-diffusion equation numerical examples are respectively solved by the finite analytic method.The more widely used upwind difference method is used as a control approach.The result indicates that the finite analytic method has higher accuracy than the upwind difference method.For the two-dimensional case,the finite analytic method still has a better performance.In the three-dimensional variational assimilation experiment,the finite analytic method can effectively improve analysis field accuracy,and its effect is significantly better than the upwind difference and the central difference method.Moreover,it is still a more effective solution method in the strong flow region where the advective-diffusion filter performs most prominently.

关键词： finite analytic method advection-diffusion equation data assimilation flow-dependent

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Digital signal acquisition system for complex nuclear reaction experiments

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第1期35卷 124-133页

作者： Wei-liang Pu yan-Lin Ye Jian-Ling Lou Jia-Hao Chen School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing 100094China

A digital data-acquisition system based on XIA LLC products was used in a complex nuclear reaction experiment using radioactive ion beams.A flexible trigger system based on a field-programmable gate array(FPGA)parametrization was developed to adapt to different experimental sizes.A user-friendly interface was implemented,which allows converting script language expressions into FPGA internal control parameters.The proposed digital system can be combined with a conventional analog data acquisition system to provide more flexibility.The performance of the combined system was veri-fied using experimental data.

关键词： Digital signal acquisition system Trigger Programmable logic Timestamp

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Organic near-infrared optoelectronic materials and devices:an overview

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Advanced Photonics 2024年第1期6卷 17-42页

作者： Zong-Lu Che Chang-Cun yan Xue-Dong Wang liang-Sheng Liao Soochow University Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials(FUNSOM)Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and DevicesSuzhouChina Soochow University College of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceJiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric MaterialsSuzhouChina Macao University of Science and Technology Macao Institute of Materials Science and EngineeringMacaoChina

Near-infrared(NIR)light has shown great potential for military and civilian applications owing to its advantages in the composition of sunlight,invisibility to human eyes,deeper penetration into biological tissues,and low optical loss in optical fibers.Therefore,organic optoelectronic materials that can absorb or emit NIR light have aroused great scientific interest in basic science and practical applications.Based on these NIR organic optoelectronic materials,NIR optoelectronic devices have been greatly improved in performance and application.In this review,the representative NIR organic optoelectronic materials used in organic solar cells,organic photodetectors,organic light-emitting diodes,organic lasers,and organic optical waveguide devices are briefly introduced,and the potential applications of each kind of device are briefly summarized.Finally,we summarize and take up the development of NIR organic optoelectronic materials and devices.

关键词： near-infrared organic optoelectronic materials organic solar cells organic light-emitting devices organic optical waveguides

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Experimental Study on Impingement Processes of Fuel Sprays on Biomimetic Structured Surfaces

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第1期21卷 362-373页

作者： yanling Chen liang Guo Wanchen Sun Yuying yan Rong Xuan Junfeng Zhang State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin UniversityChangchun 130025China Faculty of Engineering University of NottinghamNottingham NG72RDUK

To improve the controllability of the wall-wetting process after the fuel spray-wall impingement in internal combustion engines,the methods of laser etching,chemical etching and surface free energy modification are used to prepare biomimetic structured surfaces with different wettability.The impingement processes of diesel and n-butanol sprays on the walls under different conditions are experimentally investigated.As the surface oleophilicity increases,the spreading radius of wall-impinging sprays decreases.At about 5 s after the fuel injections,the fuel spray droplets hit the walls for the first time,and the secondary breakup and rebound occur.The mixture concentrations of different fuels hitting the various walls reach the peak value.Under a higher surface temperature,the peak value of the mixture concentration is mainly related to the heat flux to the fuel droplets in different boiling regimes from the metal surfaces.The concentration of the air–fuel mixture in the near wall region increases with increasing surface oleophilicity,increasing wall temperature and decreasing ambient pressure.Compared with diesel,n-butanol presents a higher air–fuel mixture concentration in the near wall region.

关键词： Spray-wall impingement Morphological development Air-fuel mixture concentration Surface wettability Wall temperature:Ambient pressure

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Strong,tough,and thermally conductive nacre-inspired boron nitride nanosheet/epoxy layered nanocomposites

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 820-828页

作者： Huagao Wang Rongjian Lu Lei Li Cheng liang Jia yan Rui liang Guoxing Sun Lei Jiang Qunfeng Cheng School of Chemistry Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of EducationBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China School of Chemistry and Materials Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research University of Science and Technology of ChinaSuzhou 215123China Department of Stomatology Fifth Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100039China Department of Engineering Science Faculty of Innovation EngineeringMacao University of Science and TechnologyAvenida Wai LongTaipaMacao 999078 China Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education Institute of Applied Physics and Materials EngineeringUniversity of MacaoAvenida da UniversidadeTaipaMacao 999078China Institute of Energy Materials Science(IEMS) University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China

Thermally conductive polymer nanocomposites integrated with lightweight,excellent flexural strength,and high fracture toughness(KIc)would be of great use in many fields.However,achieving all of these properties simultaneously remains a great challenge.Inspired by natural nacre,here we demonstrate a lightweight,strong,tough,and thermally conductive boron nitride nanosheet/epoxy layered(BNNEL)nanocomposite.Because of the layered structure and enhancing the interfacial interactions through hydrogen bonding and Si–O–B covalent bonding,the resulting nacre-inspired BNNEL nanocomposites show high fracture toughness of~4.22 MPa·m^(1/2),which is 7 folds as high as pure epoxy.Moreover,the BNNEL nanocomposites demonstrate sufficient flexural strength(~168.90 MPa,comparable to epoxy resin),while also being lightweight(~1.23 g/cm^(3)).Additionally,the BNNEL nanocomposites display a thermal conductivity(κ)of~0.47 W/(m·K)at low boron nitride nanosheet loading of 2.08 vol.%,which is 2.7 times higher than that of pure epoxy resin.The developed nacre-inspired strategy of layered structure design and interfacial enhancement provides an avenue for fabricating high mechanical properties and thermally conductive polymer nanocomposites.

关键词： nacre-inspiration nanocomposites flexural strength fracture toughness(KIc) thermal conductivity

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Missing Value Imputation for Radar-Derived Time-Series Tracks of Aerial Targets Based on Improved Self-Attention-Based Network

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 3349-3376页

作者： Zihao Song yan Zhou Wei Cheng Futai liang Chenhao Zhang Department of Early Warning Intelligence Early Warning AcademyWuhan430019China

The frequent missing values in radar-derived time-series tracks of aerial targets(RTT-AT)lead to significant challenges in subsequent data-driven tasks.However,the majority of imputation research focuses on random missing(RM)that differs significantly from common missing patterns of RTT-AT.The method for solving the RM may experience performance degradation or failure when applied to RTT-AT imputation.Conventional autoregressive deep learning methods are prone to error accumulation and long-term dependency loss.In this paper,a non-autoregressive imputation model that addresses the issue of missing value imputation for two common missing patterns in RTT-AT is proposed.Our model consists of two probabilistic sparse diagonal masking self-attention(PSDMSA)units and a weight fusion unit.It learns missing values by combining the representations outputted by the two units,aiming to minimize the difference between the missing values and their actual values.The PSDMSA units effectively capture temporal dependencies and attribute correlations between time steps,improving imputation quality.The weight fusion unit automatically updates the weights of the output representations from the two units to obtain a more accurate final representation.The experimental results indicate that,despite varying missing rates in the two missing patterns,our model consistently outperforms other methods in imputation performance and exhibits a low frequency of deviations in estimates for specific missing entries.Compared to the state-of-the-art autoregressive deep learning imputation model Bidirectional Recurrent Imputation for Time Series(BRITS),our proposed model reduces mean absolute error(MAE)by 31%~50%.Additionally,the model attains a training speed that is 4 to 8 times faster when compared to both BRITS and a standard Transformer model when trained on the same dataset.Finally,the findings from the ablation experiments demonstrate that the PSDMSA,the weight fusion unit,cascade network design,and imputation loss enhance imputation performa

关键词： Missing value imputation time-series tracks probabilistic sparsity diagonal masking self-attention weight fusion

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Hepatomegaly and jaundice as the presenting symptoms of systemic light-chain amyloidosis: A case report

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第2期16卷 550-556页

作者： Xu Zhang Fei Tang yan-Ying Gao De-Zhao Song Jing liang Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology The Third Central Hospital of TianjinTianjin 300170China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research CenterTianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary DiseaseTianjin 300170China Department of Interventional Radiology The Third Central Hospital of TianjinTianjin 300170China

BACKGROUND Light chain(AL)amyloidosis is a plasma cell dyscrasia characterized by the pathologic production and extracellular tissue deposition of fibrillar proteins derived from immunoglobulin AL fragments secreted by a clone of plasma cells,which leads to progressive dysfunction of the affected organs.The two most commonly affected organs are the heart and kidneys,and liver is rarely the dominant affected organ with only 3.9%of cases,making them prone to misdia-gnosis and missed diagnosis.CASE SUMMARY A 65-year-old woman was admitted with a 3-mo history of progressive jaundice and marked hepatomegaly.Initially,based on enhanced computed tomography scan and angiography,Budd-Chiari syndrome was considered and balloon dilatation of significant hepatic vein stenoses was performed.However,addi-tional diagnostic procedures,including liver biopsy and bone marrow-exami-nation,revealed immunoglobulin kapa AL amyloidosis with extensive liver involvement and hepatic vascular compression.The disease course was progre-ssive and fatal,and the patient eventually died 5 mo after initial presentation of symptoms.CONCLUSION AL amyloidosis with isolated liver involvement is very rare,and can be easily misdiagnosed as a vascular disease.

关键词： Jaundice Hepatomegaly Liver amyloidosis Kappa light chain Pseudo-Budd-Chiari syndrome Case report

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Microstructure,wear and friction behavior of CoCrAITaY-xCNTs composite coatings deposited by laser-induction hybrid cladding

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1815-1827页

作者： Sheng-Feng Zhou Yu Long yan-liang Yi Cheng Deng Lian-Xi Hu Institute of Advanced Wear & Corrosion Resistant and Functional Materials Jinan University Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO) Huazhong University of Science and Technology MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for NonFerrous Metals and Materials Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-Ferrous Metals and Featured Materials Guangxi University School of Mechatronics Engineering Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology

To improve the wear performance of CoCrAlYTa coating,part of the carbon nanotubes（CNTs）chemically reacted with Ta to form reinforcement phase（TaC）,while the other CNTs were retained as lubrication phase.Subsequently,the CoCrAlYTa-xCNTs（x=0,1,2,and 4;wt%） composite coatings were prepared by laserinduction hybrid cladding（LIHC）,and the microstructure and wear resistance of coatings were systematically analyzed.Results show that the coatings are mainly composed of TaC,y-（Co,Cr） and β-（Co,Cr）Al.As the CNTs content increases from 0 wt% to 4 wt%,the volume fraction of TaC increases from 13.11 vol% to 16.12 vol%.Meanwhile,the nano-hardness of γ-（Co,Cr） and β-（Co,Cr）Al are improved from 7.49 and 9.72 to 9.36 and 11.19 GPa,respectively.As a result,the microhardness of coating increases from HV536.25 to HV 738.16,the wear rate decreases from32.4 × 10-3to 6.1 × 10-3mg·m-1,and the average friction coefficient decreases from 0.55 to 0.44.The good wear performance of the coating is attributed to the formation of TaC and the existence of remained CNTs lubricant film.

关键词： Carbon nanotube MCrAlY coating Friction and wear performance Laser-induction hybrid cladding

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