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Perfluorooctane sulfonate(PFOS) and related fluorochemicals in chicken egg in China

Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第4期53卷 501-507页

作者： WANG Yuan YEUNG Leo Wai Yin yamashita nobuyoshi TANIYASU Sachi SO Man Ka Margaret B. MURPHY LAM Paul Kwan Sing Centre for Coastal Pollution and Conservation Department of Biology and Chemistry City University of Hong Kong 83 Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Tong HKSAR China National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) 16-10nogawa Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8569 Japan

The ubiquitous occurrence of perfluorinated compounds(PFCs) in environmental samples has drawn much *** human exposure studies found relatively high perfluorooctane sulfonate(PFOS) concentrations in blood samples from several cities in China when compared with other *** objectives of the present study were:(1) to measure PFC concentrations and compositions in chicken egg samples from local markets in China;and(2) to conduct a preliminary human health risk assessment of egg *** pooled egg samples from eight locations were analyzed for 11 *** results showed that close to 100% of the PFOS in the egg was distributed in egg yolk and PFOS was not detected in egg white(<0.08 ng/g wet weight,w/w).Of the perfluoroalkylsulfonates,only PFOS was detected in all egg samples,while of the perfluoroalkylcarboxylates,perfluoroundecanoic acid(PFUnDA) was detected in all samples,followed by perfluorooctanoate(PFOA)(75% occurrence) and perfluorodecanoic acid(PFDA)(50% occurrence).PFOS concentrations in egg ranged from 45.0 to 86.9 ng/g w/*** results suggested that current concentrations of PFOS in domestic chicken eggs are unlikely to cause immediate harm to Chinese populations.

关键词：中国鸡蛋人体健康风险评估污染物含氟化合物全氟辛烷磺酸

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胶州湾内外沉积物岩芯中多氯萘的分布特征研究

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环境科学学报 2011年第4期31卷 816-823页

作者：潘静杨永亮杨伟贤路国慧谷保佐知山下信义国家地质实验测试中心中国地质科学院生态地球化学重点开放实验室北京100037 多伦多大学日本综合产业技术研究所

利用13C同位素稀释-高分辨率气相色谱-高分辨率质谱法测定了胶州湾内、外沉积物岩芯中多氯萘(PCNs)异构体的含量,对其同系物分布、可能来源、沉积通量及毒性当量进行了初步探讨,并研究了由各类来源PCNs进入到胶州湾的历史沉积趋势.结果... 详细信息

利用13C同位素稀释-高分辨率气相色谱-高分辨率质谱法测定了胶州湾内、外沉积物岩芯中多氯萘(PCNs)异构体的含量,对其同系物分布、可能来源、沉积通量及毒性当量进行了初步探讨,并研究了由各类来源PCNs进入到胶州湾的历史沉积趋势.结果表明,胶州湾内、外沉积物岩芯中∑PCNs含量范围分别为3.9～56.4pg·g-1和9.9～29.5pg·g-1(以干重计).胶州湾内、外PCNs同系物分布的共同特点是以三氯代和四氯代CNs为主,占∑PCNs的80%以上,这种同系物组成与工业制品Halowax相似.沉积物岩芯中PCNs沉积通量峰值分别出现在20世纪70年代中期(湾外)和20世纪90年代末(湾内).PCNs各异构体在沉积物垂直剖面中的含量变化表明,在20世纪50年代,PCNs主要来自木柴和煤的燃烧,在20世纪70年代至90年代初期间,有Halowax1014的输入,而垃圾焚烧飞灰的指示性单体PCN66/67和PCN52/60在岩芯上部的含量增长则表明来自城市固体废弃物焚烧的贡献越来越重要.所有样品中PCNs毒性当量含量(TEQ)都小于0.1pg·g-1(以干重计).

关键词：多氯萘沉积物岩芯来源胶州湾

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沈阳地区水环境和生物样品中全氟化合物的污染分布特征

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环境科学学报 2010年第10期30卷 2097-2107页

作者：杨永亮路国慧杨伟贤潘静谷保佐知山下信义林群声国家地质实验测试中心中国地质科学院生态地球化学重点开放实验室北京100037 海洋污染国家重点实验室香港城市大学生物化学系日本综合产业技术研究所

采用高效液相色谱/电喷雾负电离源串联质谱法对沈阳市各类水环境和生物样品中全氟化合物(PFCs)进行测定,研究了PFCs的河流分布及季节分布特征.同时,对通过饮用水及家禽和鱼摄入全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)和全氟辛酸(PFOA)的人体健康风险进行了... 详细信息

采用高效液相色谱/电喷雾负电离源串联质谱法对沈阳市各类水环境和生物样品中全氟化合物(PFCs)进行测定,研究了PFCs的河流分布及季节分布特征.同时,对通过饮用水及家禽和鱼摄入全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)和全氟辛酸(PFOA)的人体健康风险进行了评价.结果表明,沈阳市各类水环境样品中总PFCs浓度范围为nd～6.01ng·L-1,平均浓度为5.23ng·***和PFOA是沈阳地区所有水环境样品中最主要的PFCs污染物,浓度范围分别为nd～2.83ng·L-1和nd～5.71ng·L-1,平均浓度分别为1.11和2.13ng·L-1.细河的PFOS含量最高,约为浑河PFOS含量的2倍,蒲河PFOS含量的3倍.一些PFCs化合物之间呈正相关关系,说明其可能具有相同的来源.PFOS与PFOA之间无相关关系,由此推断沈阳水体中二者具有不同来源.浑河流经沈阳市时,PFOS和PFOA浓度升高.流经沈阳市区后,PFOS和全氟己烷磺酸钾(PFHxS)浓度明显升高.细河中PFHxS也有检出,表明沈阳市是周边水体中PFOS及PFHxS的主要污染来源.丰水期地表水中PFOS和PFOA浓度与枯水期相比没有明显差异,但丰水期水中PFCs组成更为丰富,出现了大量全氟庚酸(PFHpA).沈阳地区自来水中PFOS和PFOA浓度平均值分别为0.39和0.85ng·L-1,最高浓度分别为1.16和2.55ng·L-1,均低于美国饮用水健康参考值.沈阳生物样品中PFOS和全氟十一酸(PFUnDA)是最普遍的化合物.总PFCs平均含量在鱼样品中为6.59ng.g-1(以干重计),鸡和鸭血清样品中分别为1.65和0.69ng·mL-1,鸡和鸭肝脏样品中分别为0.41和1.68ng.g-1(以干重计),与文献报道相比处于较低水平.

关键词：全氟化合物地表水地下水生物样品沈阳

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Effects of flash-boil shucking on biochemical,sensorial and ultrastructural properties of Yesso Scallop(Mizuhopecten yessoensis)adductor muscle during refrigeration

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Food Quality and Safety 2023年第3期7卷 456-465页

作者： Yabin Niu Shiliang Dong nobuyoshi Wada Huamao Wei Tetsuro yamashita Koichi Takaki Chunhong Yuan United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences Iwate UniversityUedaMoriokaIwateJapan Faculty of Agriculture Iwate UniversityUedaMoriokaIwateJapan College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences Ningbo UniversityNingboChina Faculty of Science and Engineering Iwate UniversityUedaMoriokaIwateJapan Agri-Innovation Center Iwate UniversityUedaMoriokaIwateJapan

Scallop adductor muscle has great popularity for raw consumption in Japan,but conventionally shucking live scallops with high vitality by knife requires skill and is ***-boil shucking is a convenient shucking method in sushi restaurants for live ***,the effects of this treatment on the quality of its main edible part,the adductor muscle,are not *** study was conducted to investigate the impact of flash-boil shucking on the quality of raw-edible scallop adductor muscle,focusing on flavor-enhancing components and *** treatment could contribute to the formation of flavor-enhancing nucleotides in the external layer of the adductor *** monophosphate content increased with the boiling time,which significantly increased to 1.47±0.42μmol/g in the 30 s-boiled group compared with 0.38±0.13μmol/g in the control group(p<0.05).The rapid adenosine monophosphate accumulation after boiling resulted in a faster accumulation of inosine and hypoxanthine during subsequent refrigeration,which could bring bitterness to aquatic ***-boil shucking had no discernible effect on the proportion of free amino acids relevant to the flavor of scallop adductor muscle,despite the possibility of a reduction in total free amino *** external layer of the scallop adductor muscle could be hardened after flash-boil *** the ultrastructural level,muscle fibers tend to aggregate transversely and contract longitudinally depending on the heating ***-boil shucking is ideal for consuming the raw-edible scallop adductor muscle ***-boil shucking treatment is recommended for households,restaurants,and small factories for treating scallops with high vitality.

关键词： Shellfish flash-boil shucking flavor-enhancing components ultrastructure sensory evaluation

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Computer-aided differential diagnosis system for Alzheimer’s disease based on machine learning with functional and morphological image features in magnetic resonance imaging

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2013年第11期6卷 1090-1098页

作者： Yasuo yamashita Hidetaka Arimura Takashi Yoshiura Chiaki Tokunaga Ohara Tomoyuki Koji Kobayashi Yasuhiko Nakamura nobuyoshi Ohya Hiroshi Honda Fukai Toyofuku Department of Clinical Radiology Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan Department of Neuropsychiatry Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan Division of Radiology Department of Medical Technology Kyusyu University Hospital Fukuoka Japan Faculty of Medical Science Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan Graduate School of Medical Science Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan Division of Radiology Department of Medical Technology Kyusyu University Hospital Fukuoka Japan

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a dementing disorder and one of the major public health problems in countries with greater longevity. The cerebral cortical thickness and cerebral blood flow (CBF), which are considered as morphological and functional image features, respectively, could be decreased in specific cerebral regions of patients with dementia of Alzheimer type. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a computer-aided classification system for AD patients based on machine learning with the morphological and functional image features derived from a magnetic resonance (MR) imaging system. The cortical thicknesses in ten cerebral regions were derived as morphological features by using gradient vector trajectories in fuzzy membership images. Functional CBF maps were measured with an arterial spin labeling technique, and ten regional CBF values were obtained by registration between the CBF map and Talairach atlas using an affine transformation and a free form deformation. We applied two systems based on an arterial neural network (ANN) and a support vector machine (SVM), which were trained with 4 morphological and 6 functional image features, to 15 AD patients and 15 clinically normal (CN) subjects for classification of AD. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values for the two systems based on the ANN and SVM with both image?features were 0.901 and 0.915, respectively. The AUC values for the ANN-and SVM-based systems with the morphological features were 0.710 and 0.660, respectively, and those with the functional features were 0.878 and 0.903, respectively. Our preliminary results suggest that the proposed method may have potential for assisting radiologists in the differential diagnosis of AD patients by using morphological and functional image features.

关键词： Computer-aided Classification (CAD) Alzheimer’s Disease Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Arterial Spin Labeling (ASL) Fuzzy Membership Image Cortical Thickness Cerebral Blood Flow (CBF)

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