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Application of Wenner Configuration to Estimate Soil Water Content in Pine Plantations on Sandy Land

Pedosphere 2007年第6期17卷 801-812页

作者： zhu Jiao-Jun KANG Hong-Zhang y. GONDA Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 （China）. Graduate School Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 （China） Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200240 （China） Faculty of Agriculture Niigata University Niigata 950-2181 （Japan）

To estimate the mean value of surface soil water content rapidly,accurately,and nonintrusively,field investigations on soil electrical resistivity(SER)with the yokogawa 324400 earth resistivity meter and the surface(0-150 cm)soil water content(SWC)with time domain reflectometry(TDR),together with the abiotic factors including soil texture,structure. and salinity concentrations were conducted in the Mongolian pine(Pinus sylvestris ***)plantations on a sandy *** measurement of SER was based on the 4-probe Wenner configuration *** between the values of SWC and SER were obtained based on analysis of the abiotic factors of the research site,which play a key role in affecting the soil electrical *** indicate that the SER meter could be used to estimate the mean value of SWC in the Mongolian pine plantations on the sandy land during the growing *** bulky nature of the equipment simplified the cumbersome measurements of soil water content with the general *** must be noted that the Wenner configuration method could only provide the mean values of the SWC,and the soil texture,structure, temperature,and solute concentrations influenced the SER and further affected the estimation of the SWC by the SER ***,the results of this study could be applied on a sandy land during the growing seasons ***, the SWC of other soil types also may be obtained according to the individual soil types using the procedures of this study.

关键词： Mongolian pine plantation sandy land soil electrical resistivity soil water content Wenner configuration method

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^(199)Sn AND ^(57)Fe MOSSBAUER SPECTROSCOPIC STUDy OF THE MECHANICALLy ALLOyED Fe-Sn ALLOyS

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 1998年第5期11卷 335-341页

作者： y.Z.yang y.L.zhu Q.S.Li X.M.Ma y.D.Dong y.Z.Chuang Guangdong Univ of Technology Guangzhou China

Nanocrystalline supersaturated solid solutions (Sa in Fe) with Sn content less than 50 at. %,and FeSn2 and Fe1.3Sn intermetallic compounds have been prepared by mechanical alloying of Fe and Sn mixture powders with composition of Fe1-xSnx (x≤0.5).The atomic alloying the formation and microstructure, especially the coordination environments, of the resultant alloys have been studied by X-ray diffraction, 57Fe and 119Sn Mossbauer Spectroscopy and diffrrential scanning calorimetry. The Fe and Sn coordination environments and the composition dependence of the hyperfine parameters on the Fe and Sn content have been fully discussed with respect to the solid dissolution alloying, grain refinement, and distortion caused or induced by mechanical alloying.

关键词： mechanical alloying Mossbauer effect nanocrystalline Fe-Sn alloy

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Nanophase Decomposition of a Zn-Al Based Alloy Zn_(68)Al_(10)Cu_(22)

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2004年第6期20卷 687-690页

作者： y.H.zhu W.B.Lee S.To Advanced Materials Research Center Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong ChinaAdvanced Materials Research Center Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong ChinaAdvanced Materials Research Center Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China

The nanostructural evolution and phase transformation of the films of a Zn-Al based alloy (Zn68Al10Cu22 in wt pct) have been studied by using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Nanostructural thin films of the Zn-AI based alloy were produced by using an electron beam deposition technique. It was found that a nanocrystalline phase η'n had a strong preferred crystal orientation at (0002) crystal planes in the as-deposited films. During ageing at 220℃, the decomposition of nanophase η'n started with clustering to form Z-zones, and transitionai phase, which was accompanied by an eutectoid decomposition of the η'n phase: η'n β'eut T'. Decomposition, such as clustering and the formation of the Z-zones, and the transitionai phase etc. were observed in the nanophase β'eut. The formation and the decomposition of the transitionai phase of micrometers in size were involved in the decomposition of the main nanophase η'n. The mechanism of the Z-zones formation and the stability of nanophases were discussed.

关键词： Ageing Nanostructure Nanophase stability Zn-Al based alloy film

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Magnetohydrodynamic flows tuning in a conduit with multiple channels under a magnetic field applied perpendicular to the plane of flow

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2017年第2期29卷 332-343页

作者： y.Luo C.N.Kim M.Q.zhu Department of Mechanical Engineering Graduate SchoolKyung Hee UniversityYong-inKorea Department of Mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringKyung Hee UniversityYong-inKorea

In this study, three-dimensional liquid-metal magnetohydrodynamic flows in a conduit with multiple channels under a uniform magnetic field are numerically investigated. The geometry of the conduit is of a four-parallel-channels system including one inflow channel and three outflow channels. The liquid-metal flows into the inflow channel, then turns through 180° in the transi- tion segment, finally flows into three different outflow channels. This kind of channel system can induce counter flow and co-flow, which is rarely investigated before though the conceptual designs of duct flow in the blanket have suggested this type of flow. A structured grid system is chosen after a series of mesh independence tests in the present study. The axial velocity in the side layer near the first partitioning wall, located between the inflow channel and the first outflow channel, is the highest with the lowest electric potential formed therein. The pressure almost linearly decreases in the main flow direction, except in the transition segment. Moreover, the pressure gradient in the first outflow channel is the largest among the three outflow channels. The interdependency of the current, fluid velocity, pressure, electric potential is examined in order to describe the electromagnetic characteristics of the liquid-metal flows.

关键词： Liquid-metal magnetohydrodynamics multiple channels

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Flux focusing with a superconducting nanoneedle for scanning SQUID susceptometry

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2023年第3期9卷 411-417页

作者： B.K.Xiang S.y.Wang y.F.Wang J.J.zhu H.T.Xu y.H.Wang State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics FudanUniversity200433 ShanghaiChina Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences 201315 ShanghaiChina

A nanofabricated superconducting quantum interference device(nano-SQUID)is a direct and sensitive flux probe used for magnetic imaging of quantum materials and mesoscopic *** to the functionalities of superconductive integrated circuits,nano-SQUIDs fabricated on chips are particularly versatile,but their spatial resolution has been limited by their planar ***,we use femtosecond laser 3-dimensional(3D)lithography to print a needle onto a nano-SQUID susceptometer to overcome the limits of the planar *** nanoneedle coated with a superconducting shell focused the flux from both the field coil and the *** performed scanning imaging with such a needle-on-SQUID(NoS)device on superconducting test patterns with topographic *** NoS showed improved spatial resolution in both magnetometry and susceptometry relative to the planarized *** work serves as a proof-of-principle for integration and inductive coupling between superconducting 3D nanostructures and on-chip Josephson nanodevices.

关键词： lithography SQUID needle

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RELATIONSHIP AMONG EVAPORATION FLUX OF GROUNDWATER, DEPTH OF WATER TABLE AND NEGATIVE PRESSURE HEAD IN BARE SOIL

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2000年第4期12卷 52-58页

作者： Qian, J.Z. zhu, X.y. Zhou, N.Q. Li, G.y. Dep. of Earth Sci. Nanjing Univ. Nanjing 210093 China

Evaporation of ground water is a part of moisture circulation in the field. And it is a main natural form in which water transmits from the ground water to the soil water and atmosphere water. According to the simulated experiments, we study the relationship among the evaporation, depth of groundwater table and negative pressure. By theoretical analysis of the experimental results, the main conclusions are drawn as follows. There are two abrupt points in every Q-H curve. The locations of the abrupt points are separately in step with the height of top of the capillary fringe and the height of maximal capillary rise in the soil section. When the depth of water table H is small, the evaporation flux of ground water is large. While the depth of water table exceeds the maximal capillary rise of media in vadose zone, the capillary rise breaks up and evaporation flux of groundwater is small. The water content ratio in ground surface tends to be zero and the surface of soil tends to be drought. These conclusions show that the maximal capillary rise of media in vadose zone is an important value in regulating rational depth of ground water to reduce the evaporation of ground water and to increase effective quantity of water resources. In the meantime, these conclusions are of important theoretical and practical significance to reduce the evaporation of ground water, to prevent and cure the salinization of soil, and to make full use of and protect water resources in the northern plains in China.

关键词： Capillarity Evaporation Soils

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Stationary Potential Formation and Oscillations in Plasma with Immovable Dust Particles

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Plasma Science and Technology 2005年第1期7卷 2657-2659页

作者： y.Tomita R.Smirnov S.zhu NationalInstituteforFusionScience 322-60roshi-choToki509-5292Japan TheGraduateUniversityforAdvancedStudies 322-60roshi-choToki509-5292Japan InstituteofPlasmaPhysics ChineseAcademyofSciencesHefei230031China

Stationary electrostatic-potential formation in plasma with immovable dustparticles was investigated by using one-dimensional kinetic analysis. It is clarified that thedensity of negatively charged dust particles below the threshold value makes the potential decreasemonoton-ically. When the dust densities are above the threshold, there appears the stationaryoscillation in an electrostatic potential due to the streaming plasma. It is found that thewavelength of this mode is of the order of Debye length. These phenomena are different from those ofthe conventional dust ion-acoustic waves in plasma, where the effect of dust-charging is not takeninto account.

关键词： dust particle stationary potential dust ion-acoustic wave

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COMPARISON ON REFINEMENT OF IRON POWDER By BALL MILLING ASSISTED By DIFFERENT EXTERNAL FIELDS

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2006年第6期19卷 411-417页

作者： L.y.Dai B.Cao M.zhu School of Mechanical Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China Marine Engineering Institute Jimei UniversityXiamen 361021China

The cryogenic milling and milling in conjunction with dielectric barrier discharge plasma (DBDP) have been separately set up. The combined effect of low temperature and plasma on ball milling has been investigated by examining the refinement of particle size and grain size of iron powder using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and small angle X-ray scattering. It was found that the mean size of iron particles could reach 104nm only after 10 hours of ball milling in conjunction with DBDP, whereas a minimum average grain size of 8.4nm was obtained by cryomilling at -20℃; however, it is difficult to refine the particle size and grain size under the same milling condition in the absence of DBDP and cryogenic temperature.

关键词： ball milling cryomilling dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) nanoparticle

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HIGH－PERFORMANCE　CAPILLARy　ELECTROPHORESIS　OF　REDUCING　OLIGOSACCHARIDES　AS　THEIR　ETHyL　P－AMINOBENZOATE　DERIVATIVES

引用

Chinese Chemical Letters 1996年第2期7卷 159-160页

作者： Chang, LW Guo, Q yu, ZL Chen, y zhu, A ACAD SINICA INST CHEMBEIJING 100080PEOPLES R CHINA

A modified method for the separation of oligosaccharides derivatized with p-aminoben-zoate ethyl ester by high performance capillary electrophoresis (HPCE) is described. The isomers of larger oligosaccharides up to 10... 详细信息

关键词： AS OLIGOSACCHARIDES THEIR ETHyL CAPILLARy AMINOBENZOATE

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Analysis on EAST LHCD Operation Space by Using Simple Core-SOL-Divertor Model

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Plasma Science and Technology 2009年第4期11卷 389-393页

作者： R.HIWATARI A.HATAyAMA S.zhu y.TOMITA Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry Faculty of Science and Technology Keio University Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences National Institute for Fusion Science

A simple core-SOL-divertor model （CSD model） was developed to investigate qual- itatively the overall features of the operational space for the integrated core and edge plasma. In the CSD model, the core plasma model of ITER physics guidelines and the two-point SOL-divertor model are applied, This CSD model is validated by the two dimensional divertor transport code （B2-EIRINE） and by the JT-60U divertor recycling database, and this model is applicable to the low- and high-recycling state of the divertor plasma. The CSD model is applied to the study of the EAST operational space with lower hybrid current drive under various kinds of trade-off for the basic plasma parameters, and the relationship between the operational space and the plasma discharge duration is also discussed.

关键词： core transport SOL-divertor transport operation space EAST LHCD

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