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Green synthesis of glycolic acid through the electrocatalytic reduction of oxalic acid over black TiO_(2): An experimental and theoretical study

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 544-556页

作者： Hugo Olvera-Vargas Oscar Andrés Jaramillo-Quintero Luis Darío Alarcón León Orlando castro-Ocampo christian A.celaya Marina E.Rincón Jesús Muñiz Instituto de Energías Renovables Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México(IER-UNAM)Priv.Xochicalco s/nCol.CentroTemixcoMorelos.CP 62580Mexico centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México(UNAM)Km 107Carretera Tijuana-EnsenadaEnsenadaB.C.C.P.22800Mexico

Herein,we present the electrocatalytic four-electron hydrogenation of oxalic acid into glycolic acid using black TiO_(2)as an *** acid is an abundant compound found in several sources of organic *** results showed a high selectivity of black TiO_(2)toward glycolic acid,with the formation of glyoxylic acid being the rate-limiting step (glyoxylic acid is the two-electron intermediate).The highest Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 69.6%±8.3% was achieved at 10.2 mA cm^(-2)in 4 h of electrolysis using an H-type cell operated at room temperature,with 50.2%±3.8% of oxalic acid conversion (degradation kinetic constant k=0.0042±0.0001 min-1),58.8%±7.0%of reaction yield and 1.2±0.18 g L-1of glycolic acid production.A theoretical model of black TiO_(2)coming from anatase TiO_(2)was implemented by introducing Ti3+defects,which gave black TiO_(2)the theoretical capability to easily transform oxalic acid into glycolic acid as experimentally *** reaction mechanism was supported and described in detail by density functional theory calculations,which revealed that surface Ti^(3+)states were the main catalytic *** is the first time that a detailed step-by-step mechanism at the atomic level has been proposed for this electrocatalytic reaction,which represents a valuable contribution to the understanding of this process of high energy/environmental *** is also the first time that black TiO_(2)has been used as an electrocatalyst for this sustainable process.

关键词： chemical energy storage Electrochemical hydrogenation Density functional theory Renewable energy Oxalic acid

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Distinct Electrical and Mechanical Responses of a cu-10Fe composite Prepared by Hot-Pressed sintering and Post Treatment

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Acta Metallurgica sinica(English Letters) 2024年第2期37卷 255-265页

作者： X.y.yue s.y.Peng X.Zhang c.N.He y.Z.Tian Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials(Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and EngineeringNortheastern UniversityShenyang110819China school of Materials science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of composite and Functional Materials Tianjin UniversityTianjin300350China Research centre for Metallic Wires Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819China

A cu-10wt%Fe composite was prepared through hot-pressed sintering,and the material was subsequently solution *** hot-pressed sintered and solution treated materials were rolled and *** precipitation behavior and performance changes were systematically studied by using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron *** contrast to the hot-pressed sintered specimen,the solution treatment significantly affects the thermal stability and properties of the cu-10wt%Fe *** cu-10wt%Fe composite was prepared after solid solution,cold rolling and aging at 773 K for 1 h,and it obtained excellent tensile strength of 494 MPa,uniform elongation of 16.3%,electrical conductivity of 51.1%IAcs and softening temperature of 838 *** for the distinct difference in thermal stability and properties between hot-pressed sintered and solution treated specimens were *** findings provide a theoretical basis for designing high-performance cu-based in-situ composites by post treatment.

关键词： cu-Fe composite Hot-pressed sintering Thermal stability strength Electrical conductivity

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BEM Analysis of Wave Propagation in a Water-Filled Borehole in an Anisotropic solid

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Tsinghua science and Technology 2007年第5期12卷 520-526页

作者： s. Hirose y. Ushida c. y, Wang Department of Mechanical and Environmental Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo 152-8552 Japan schlumberger-Doll Research 36 Old Quarry Road Ridgefield CT 06877-4108 USA

This paper describes a time-domain boundary element method developed to analyze the interactions of acoustic and elastic waves near the interfaces between water and an anisotropic elastic solid. Two models are analyzed with one being the interface between two half spaces of fluid and solid and the other being a fluid region sandwiched by half space domains of anisotropic elastic solids. Both monopole and dipole point sources are used to generate an initial pressure wave in the fluid. some snapshots of the transient wave behavior near the fluid-solid interfaces are given. The effect of the anisotropy in the solid on the pressure waveforms in the fluid is discussed. The numerical results allow detailed arrival identification and interpretation of acoustic and elastic waves propagating along the fluid-solid interfaces.

关键词： boundary element method wave propagation anisotropic solid fluid-solid interface

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Experimental and finite element analysis for fracture of coating layer of galvannealed steel sheet

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals society of china 2011年第A01期21卷 111-116页

作者： s.I.KIM J.U.HER y.c.JANG y.LEE sheet Products and Process Research Group POSCO Techology Research Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineering Chung-Ang University

Mechanical properties of galvannealed (GA) steel sheet used for automotive exposed panel and predicted failure phenomenon of its coating layer were evaluated using finite element method. V-bending test was performed to understand better the fracture of coating layer of GA steel sheet during plastic deformation. yield strength of the coating layer was calculated by using a relative difference between hardness of coating layer measured from the nano-indentation test and that of substrate. To measure shearing strength at the interface between substrate and coating layer, shearing test with two specimens attached by an adhesive was carried out. Using the mechanical properties measured, a series of finite element analyses coupled with a failure model was performed. Results reveal that the fracture of coating layer occurs in an irregular manner at the region where compressive deformation is dominant. Meanwhile, a series of vertical cracks perpendicular to material surface are observed at the tensile stressed-region. It is found that 0.26-0.28 of local equivalent plastic strain exists at the coating and substrate at the beginning of failure. The fracture of coating layer depends on ductility of the coating layer considerably as well.

关键词： galvannealed steel sheet fracture simulation coating layer finite element analysis, failure model

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Phytotoxicity of cadmium on protein, proline and antioxidant enzyme activities in growing Arachis hypogaea L. seedlings

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2008年第2期20卷 199-206页

作者： N Dinakar P c Nagajyothi s suresh y Udaykiran T Damodharam Department of Environmental sciences Sri Venkateswara UniversityTirupatiAndhra Pradesh-517 502India.

Phytotoxicity of cadmium on growing Arachis hypogaea L. seedlings was studied. seeds were exposed to 25, 50, and 100 μmol/L cdcl2 concentrations, for a period of 10, 15, 20 and 25 d. The extent of damage to chlorophyll, protein, proline, nitrate and nitrite reductase, antioxidant enzyme activity in leaves and roots were evaluated after 10 d of cadmium stress. The higher concentration of cadmium （100 μmol/L） resulted （leaves and roots） total chlorophyll 91.01%, protein 79.51%, 83.61%, nitrate reductase 79.39%, 80.72% and nitrite reductase 77.07%, 75.88% activity decreased with increase in cadmium concentrations and exposure periods. cadmium caused significant changes in the activity of antioxidative enzymes. contrastingly cd treated plant tissues showed an increase in proline 159.87%, 239.6%, gluthion reductase （GR） 337.72%, 306.14%, superoxide disumutase （sOD） 688.56%, 381.72%, ascorbate peroxidase （APX） 226.47%, 252.14%, peroxidase （POD） 72.19%, 60.29% and catalase （cAT） 228.96%, 214.74% as compared to control. cadmium stress caused a significant increase in the rate of sOD activity in leaves and roots of plant species. Results show the crop A. hypogaea is highly sensitive even at very low cadmium concentrations.

关键词： toxicological effects cadmium protein proline antioxidant enzymes

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Purge and trap method to determine alpha factors of VOc liquid-phase mass transfer coefficients

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chinese science Bulletin 2000年第S1期45卷 76-79页

作者： s.c.Lee L.y.chan c.y.chan Department of civil & structural Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Correspondence should be addressed to Wang XinmingDepartment of Civil & Structural EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Correspondence should be addressed to Wang XinmingDepartment of Civil & Structural EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Correspondence should be addressed to Wang Xinming

A theoretical approach and laboratory practice of determining the alpha factors of volatile organic compound (VOc) liquid-phase mass transfer coefficients are present in this study. Using Purge & Trap concentrator, VOc spiked water samples are purged by high-purity nitrogen in the laboratory, the VOc liquid-phase mass transfer rate constants under the laboratory conditions are then obtained by observing the variation of VOcs purged out of the water with the purge time. The alpha factors of VOc liquid-phase mass transfer coefficients are calculated as the ratios of the liquid-phase mass transfer rate constants in real water samples to their counterparts in pure water under the same experimental conditions. This direct and fast approach is easy to control in the laboratory, and would benefit mutual comparison among researchers, so might be useful for the study of VOc mass transfer across the liquid-gas interface.

关键词： mass transfer coefficient purge and trap volatile organic compounds alpha factor.

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secure Probabilistic Prediction of Dynamic Thermal Line Rating

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Journal of Modern Power systems and clean Energy 2022年第2期10卷 378-387页

作者： N.safari s.M.Mazhari c.y.chung s.B.Ko Grid Operations support SaskPower.ReginaSKS4P 0S1Canada the Department of Electrical and computer Engineering University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKS7N 5A9Canada

Accurate short-term prediction of overhead line(OHL)transmission ampacity can directly affect the efficiency of power system operation and *** overcstiniation of the dynamic thermal line rating(DTLR)can lead to the lifetime degradation and failure of OHLs,safety hazards,*** paper presents a secure yet sharp probabilistic model for the hour-ahead prediction of the *** security of the proposed DTLR limits the frequency of DTLR prediction exceeding the actual *** model is based on an augmented deep learning architecture that makes use of a wide range of predictors,including historical climatology data and latent variables obtained during DTLR ***,by introducing a customized cost function,the deep neural network is trained to consider the DTLR security based on the required probability of exceedance while minimizing the deviations of the predicted DTLRs from the actual *** proposed probabilistic DTLR is developed and verified using recorded experimental *** simulation results validate the superiority of the proposed DTLR compared with the state-of-the-art prediction models using well-known evaluation metrics.

关键词： Deep neural network dynamic thermal line rating overhead line prediction recurrent neural network

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Design Features and commissioning of the Versatile Experiment spherical Torus (VEsT) at seoul National University

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Plasma science and Technology 2013年第3期15卷 244-251页

作者： K.J.cHUNG y.H.AN B.K.JUNG H.y.LEE c.sUNG y.s.NA T.s.HAHM y.s.HWANG Department of Nuclear Engineering Seoul National University

A new spherical torus called VEsT （Versatile Experiment spherical Torus） is designed, constructed and successfully commissioned at seoul National University. A unique design feature of the VEsT is two partial solenoid coils installed at both vertical ends of a center stack, which can provide sufficient magnetic fluxes to initiate tokamak plasmas while keeping a low aspect ratio configuration in the central region. According to initial double null merging start-up scenario using the partial solenoid coils, apprdpriate p6wer supplies for driving a toroidal field coil, outer poloidal field coils, and the partial solenoid coils are fabricated and successfully commissioned. For reliable start-up, a pre-ionization system with two cost-effective homemade magnetron power supplies is also prepared. In addition, magnetic and spectroscopic diagnostics with appropriate data acquisition and control systems are well prepared for initial operation of the device. The VEsT is ready for tokamak plasma operation by completing and commissioning most of the designed components.

关键词： spherical torus partial solenoids double null merging start-up

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Molecular Identification of Maize streak Virus in côte d’Ivoire

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American Journal of Plant sciences 2025年第1期16卷 41-50页

作者： Guinagui N’Doua Bertrand Koala Moustapha yéo Gnénakan Tuo seydou Ouattara Bakary Ouattara Bognan Winnie Miyasi sérémé Drissa Koné Daouda Fatogoma sorho Laboratory of Biotechnology Agriculture and Valorization of Biological Resources Pedagogical and Research Unit of Plant Physiology and Pathology UFR Biosciences Flix Houphout-Boigny University Abidjan Cte dIvoire Wascal/African center of Excellence on climate change Biodiversity and Sustainable Agriculture Abidjan Cte dIvoire (Wascal/CEA-CCBAD) Abidjan Cte dIvoire National center for scientific and Technological Research Institute of the Environment and Agricultural Research Crop Protection and Defense Laboratory Ouagadougou Burkina Faso National Biosafety Agency National Biosafety Laboratory Ouagadougou Burkina Faso National center for Agricultural Research Ferkessedougou Research Station Ferkessedougou Cte dIvoire

Maize (Zea mays L.) is the world’s leading cereal crop, with production estimated at over 1 billion tonnes in 2022. In côte d’Ivoire, maize is one of the most widely consumed foods, with national production exceeding 1 million tonnes in 2022. Despite its importance, this crop is subject to numerous biotic constraints, including Maize streak virus (MsV). The objective of this study was to characterize MsV isolates from côte d’Ivoire using molecular biology techniques. To achieve this, maize leaf samples displaying characteristic symptoms of MsV were collected from different agro-ecological zones (AEZs) of côte d’Ivoire. Total DNA was extracted from the collected samples using the cTAB method and quantified with a Nanodrop spectrophotometer. The c2 region of the MsV genome’s open reading frame (ORF) was amplified through polymerase chain reaction (PcR) using MsV-specific primers. The resulting PcR products were sequenced using the sanger method. Bioinformatics analysis was performed using MsV sequences from other African countries (retrieved from NcBI) alongside sequences obtained in this study. The analysis was conducted using MEGA X version 10.05 software. The results showed that the main symptoms observed in the field included the presence of longitudinal light green streaks on leaves, stunted plant growth, and incomplete seed development in infected plants. Phylogenetic analysis of the sequences from côte d’Ivoire revealed three monophyletic groups, with sequences of some isolates collected from the same plot belonging to different groups. The MsV sequences from côte d’Ivoire are very close to those from Rwanda. This study underscores the need for further investigation into the genetic diversity of MsV strains to enhance the diagnosis and management of this viral disease, which is particularly prevalent in maize crops in côte d’Ivoire.

关键词： characterization Molecular Biology MsV Maize côte d’Ivoire

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A new way to construct topological invariants of non-Hermitian systems with the non-Hermitian skin effect

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chinese Physics B 2020年第1期29卷 119-123页

作者： J s Liu y Z Han c s Liu Hebei Key Laboratory of Microstructural Material Physics School of ScienceYanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China

The non-Hermitian skin effect breaks the conventional bulk–boundary correspondence and leads to non-Bloch topological *** by the fact that the topological protected zero modes are immune to perturbations,we construct a partner of a non-Hermitian system by getting rid of the non-Hermitian skin *** adjusting the imbalance hopping,we find that the existence of zero-energy boundary states still dictate the bulk topological invariants based on the band-theory *** non-Hermitian su–schrieffer–Heeger(ssH)models are used to illuminate the ***,we obtain the winding numbers in analytical form without the introduction of the generalized Brillouin *** work gives an alternative method to calculate the topological invariants of non-Hermitian systems.

关键词： non-Hermitian skin effect su–schrieffer–Heeger(ssH)model bulk–boundary correspondence topological invariant

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