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4-1BB signaling activates glucose and fatty acid metabolism to enhance CD8^(+) T cell proliferation

Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2017年第9期14卷 748-757页

作者： Beom K Choi Do y Lee Don G Lee young H kim Seon-Hee kim Ho S Oh Chungyong Han Byoung S Kwon Cancer Immunology Branch Division of Cancer BiologyNational Cancer CenterGoyangGyeonggi 10408Korea Department of Internal Medicine Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 120-752Korea Immune Cell Production Unit Program for Immunotherapeutic ResearchNational Cancer CenterGyeonggi 10408Korea Eutilex Catholic University School of MedicineSeoul 06591Korea Department of Medicine Tulane University Health Sciences CenterNew OrleansLA 70112USA

4-1BB(CD137)is a strong enhancer of the proliferation of CD8^(+)T *** these cells require increased production of energy and biomass to support their proliferation,we hypothesized that 4-1BB signaling activated glucose and fatty acid *** found that treatment with agonistic anti-4-1BB mAb promoted the proliferation of CD8^(+)T cells in vitro,increasing their size and *** with a glycolysis inhibitor and a fatty acid oxidation inhibitor revealed that CD8^(+)T cell proliferation required both glucose and fatty acid ***-4-1BB treatment increased glucose transporter 1 expression and activated the liver kinase B1(LKB1)-AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK)-acetyl-CoA carboxylase(ACC)signaling pathway,which may be responsible for activating the metabolism of glucose and fatty *** also examined whether blocking glucose or fatty acid metabolism affected cell cycle progression and the anti-apoptotic effect of 4-1BB *** increase of anti-apoptotic factors and cyclins in response to anti-4-1BB treatment was completely prevented by treating CD8^(+)T cells with the fatty acid oxidation inhibitor,etomoxir,but not with the glycolysis inhibitor,*** conclude that anti-4-1BB treatment activates glucose and fatty acid metabolism thus supporting the increased demand for energy and biomass,and that fatty acid metabolism plays a crucial role in enhancing the cell cycle progression of anti-CD3-activated CD8^(+)T cells in vitro and the anti-apoptotic effects of 4-1BB signaling on these cells.

关键词： AMPK CD8^(+)T cells 4-1BB(CD137) LKB1 metabolism

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High Coercive NdFeB Thin Film Obtained by Diffusion Annealing

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2000年第2期16卷 111-112页

作者： MJ.kim and y.B.kim (Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Taejon 305-600, Korea) C.B.Song (Kongju National University, Kongju 314-701, Chungnam, Korea) y.Li, D.S.Suhr, C.O.kim and T.K.kim (Chungnam National University, Taejon 305-340, Korea) Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science Taejon 305-600 South Korea Kongju National University Kongju 314-701 Chungnam South Korea Chungnam National University Taejon 305-340 South Korea

The magnetic properties and microstructure of diffusion annealed [Ta/Nd/NdFeB/Nd/Ta]thin films have been investigated. The films were deposited on Si substrate with various thickness ratio of Nd/NdFeB layer (R=0～3.3), then diffused and crystallized by annealing at 650℃ for 10 min. The film without Nd layer showed soft magnetic behavior and high content of a-Fe phase. The films with R > =1 showed good hard magnetic properties with the high coercivity of about 20 kOe.

关键词： Thin NdFeB High Coercive NdFeB Thin Film Obtained by Diffusion Annealing

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The dynamics of the piglet gut microbiome during the weaning transition in association with health and nutrition

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第4期9卷 971-979页

作者： Robin B.Guevarra Sang Hyun Hong Jin Ho Cho Bo-Ra kim Jiwon Shin Jun Hyung Lee Bit Na Kang young Hwa kim Suphot Wattanaphansak richard E.Isaacson Minho Song Hyeun Bum kim Department of Animal Resources Science Dankook UniversityCheonanSouth Korea Division of Food and Animal Sciences Chungbuk National UniversityCheongjuSouth Korea Abbvie Bioresearch Center AbbvieWorcesterMAUSA National Institute of Animal Science Rural Development AdministrationWanjuSouth Korea Department of Veterinary Medicine Faculty of Veterinary ScienceChulalongkorn UniversityPathum WanBangkok 10330Thailand Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences University of MinnesotaSt.PaulMN 55108USA Division of Animal and Dairy Science Chungnam National UniversityDaejeonSouth Korea

Background: Understanding the composition of the microbial community and its functional capacity during weaning is important for pig production as bacteria play important roles in the pig’s health and growth performance. However,limited information is available regarding the composition and function of the gut microbiome of piglets in ***, we performed 16 S rRNA gene and whole metagenome shotgun sequencing of DNA from fecal samples from healthy piglets during weaning to measure microbiome shifts, and to identify the potential contribution of the early-life microbiota in shaping piglet health with a focus on microbial stress responses, carbohydrate and amino acid ***: The analysis of 16 S rR NA genes and whole metagenome shotgun sequencing revealed significant compositional and functional differences between the fecal microbiome in nursing and weaned piglets. The fecal microbiome of the nursing piglets showed higher relative abundance of bacteria in the genus Bacteroides with abundant gene families related to the utilization of lactose and galactose. Prevotel a and Lactobacil us were enriched in weaned piglets with an enrichment for the gene families associated with carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism. In addition, an analysis of the functional capacity of the fecal microbiome showed higher abundances of genes associated with heat shock and oxidative stress in the metagenome of weaned piglets compared to nursing ***: Overal, our data show that microbial shifts and changes in functional capacities of the piglet fecal microbiome resulted in potential reductions in the effects of stress, including dietary changes that occur during *** results provide us with new insights into the piglet gut microbiome that contributes to the growth of the animal.

关键词： Metagenomics Microbiome Piglets 16S rRNA Weaning

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Anisotropic NdFeB Magnet Fabricated by Single Stroke Hot Deformation

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2000年第2期16卷 129-130页

作者： y.Li (Chungnam National University, Taejon, Korea) y.B.kim (Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Taejon, Korea) M.J.kim, M.S.Song, J.H.yang, T.K.kim and C.O.kim (Chungnam National University, Taejon, Korea) Chungnam National University Taejon South Korea Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science Taejon South Korea

The general hot deformation process consists of two steps, hot pressing and die-upsetting in order to obtain the anisotropic NdFeB magnet. This is the first report that the high anisotropy NdFeB magnets can be fabricated by single stroke hot deforming the isotropic magnet. The magnetic properties of those materials are: coercivity iHc ～11 kOe, remanence Br ～12 kG, and the maximum energy product (BH)max ～28 ***.

关键词： NdFeB Anisotropic NdFeB Magnet Fabricated by Single Stroke Hot Deformation

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Recent development and gene therapy for glycogen storage disease type Ia

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Liver Research 2017年第3期1卷 174-180页

作者： Janice y.Chou Goo-young kim Jun-Ho Cho Section on Cellular Differentiation Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human DevelopmentNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA

Glycogen storage disease type Ia(GSD-Ia)is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by a deficiency in glucose-6-phosphatase-α(G6Pase-αor G6PC)that is expressed primarily in the liver,kidney,and intestine.G6Pase-αcatalyzes the hydrolysis of glucose-6-phosphate(G6P)to glucose and phosphate in the terminal step of gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis,and is a key enzyme for endogenous glucose *** active site of G6Pase-αis inside the endoplasmic reticulum(ER)*** catalysis,the substrate G6P must be translocated from the cytoplasm into the ER lumen by a G6P transporter(G6PT).The functional coupling of G6Pase-αand G6PT maintains interprandial glucose *** therapies for GSD-Ia are available,but cannot prevent the long-term complication of hepatocellular adenoma that may undergo malignant transformation to hepatocellular *** models of GSD-Ia are now available and are being exploited to both delineate the disease more precisely and develop new treatment approaches,including gene therapy.

关键词： Glycogen storage disease type Ia(GSD-Ia) Glucose-6-phosphatase-α(G6Pase-αor G6PC) Gene therapy Hepatocellular adenoma Recombinant adeno-associated virus vector

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A Numerical Study on the Heat Transfer Enhancement Behavior of Water-Microparticles Suspension

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Journal of Thermal Science 2002年第2期11卷 128-133页

作者： C.H.Sohn B.S.kim S.y.Moon K.I.Ahn School of Mechanical Engineering Kyungpook National University Taegu Korea Thermal Hydraulic Safety Research Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute Taejon Korea

The heat transfer enhancement characteristics of water with polystyrene particles are examined in the present numerical study. The numerical study is conducted in the hydrodynamically fully developed turbulent flows within a circular duct with the wall boundary condition of a constant heat flux. The thermal conductivity of the turbulent flow obtained by the Reynolds analogy is 1000 times as much as the thermal conductivity of water. On the contrary, the enhancement of thermal conductivity caused by water-microparticles suspension is relatively low. Slight enhancements of the local Nusselt number are obtained in the numerical calculations of Newtonian turbulent flows with the micro-convection effects, thus showing large deviations from the experimental data. The numerical results in non-Newtonian flows are in agreement with the experimental data. Thus, the main cause for the enhancement of the heat transfer of the suspension might be not due to the micro-convection effects but to the non-Newtonian

关键词： microparticle non-newtonian fluid shear rate turbulence eddy thermal conductivity heat transfer enhancement

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Tooth regeneration: a revolution in stomatology and evolution in regenerative medicine

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International Journal of Oral Science 2011年第3期3卷 107-116页

作者： Sibel yildirim Susan y. Fu Keith kim Hong Zhou Chang Hun Lee Ang Li Sahng Gyoon kim Shuang Wang Jeremy J. Mao Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory （TERML） Center for Craniofacial Regeneration Columbia University Medical Center New York NY 10032 USA Department of Basic Science Xi＇an Jiaotong University School of Stomatology Xi＇ an 710049 China

A tooth is a complex biological organ and consists of multiple tissues including the enamel, dentin, cementum and pulp. Tooth loss is the most common organ failure. Can a tooth be regenerated？ Can adult stem cells be orchestrated to regenerate tooth structures such as the enamel, dentin, cementum and dental pulp, or even an entire tooth？ If not, what are the therapeutically viable sources of stem cells for tooth regeneration？ Do stem cells necessarily need to be taken out of the body, and manipulated ex vivo before they are transplanted for tooth regeneration？ How can regenerated teeth be economically competitive with dental implants？ Would it be possible to make regenerated teeth affordable by a large segment of the population worldwide？ This review article explores existing and visionary approaches that address some of the above-mentioned questions. Tooth regeneration represents a revolution in stomatology as a shift in the paradigm from repair to regeneration： repair is by metal or artificial materials whereas regeneration is by biological restoration. Tooth regeneration is an extension of the concepts in the broad field of regenerative medicine to restore a tissue defect to its original form and function by biological substitutes.

关键词： stem cells bioactive cues biomaterials cell homing dental pulp tooth regeneration growth factors scaffold dental implants pulp regeneration

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APPLICATION OF Ct-PARAMETER FOR CREEP-FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH WITH SLOW LOAD RISING CONDITION

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 1999年第1期12卷 22-30页

作者： Lee, J.H. yoon, K.B. kim, y.J. Back, U.B. Korea Inst of Nuclear Safety Taejon South Korea

Most of the assessment equations for Ct which is a wellknown fracture parameter characterizing high temperature crack growth rates, have limited applicability to constant load conditions after sudden loading. However, crack growth due to creep can also occur under load varying conditions when load rising time is so long that accumulated creep deformation near the crack tip is not *** this paper, the estimation equation of the Ctparameter which can be applied to the case of slow load rising, i.e., (Ct)r, is explained. And the correlation between (Ct)r at the end of the load increasing period and Ct at the beginning of the succeeding load hold period is discussed. Finite element analyses of several cases with various loading conditions were performed and results were presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed Ct estimation scheme. The general applicability of the equation is also discussed.

关键词： creep fatigue crack time dependent fracture mechanics Ctparameter,C*integral

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Fault detection method with PCA and LDA and its application to induction motor

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Journal of Central South University 2010年第6期17卷 1238-1242页

作者： JUNG D y LEE S M 王洪梅 kim J H LEE S H Daeho Tech Company Limited Department of Electronics Engineering Inha University School of Mechatronics Changwon National University

A feature extraction and fusion algorithm was constructed by combining principal component analysis(PCA) and linear discriminant analysis(LDA) to detect a fault state of the induction *** yielding a feature vector with PCA and LDA from current signal that was measured by an experiment,the reference data were used to produce matching *** a diagnostic step,two matching values that were obtained by PCA and LDA,respectively,were combined by probability model,and a faulted signal was finally *** the proposed diagnosis algorithm brings only merits of PCA and LDA into relief,it shows excellent performance under the noisy *** simulation was executed under various noisy conditions in order to demonstrate the suitability of the proposed algorithm and showed more excellent performance than the case just using conventional PCA or LDA.

关键词： principal component analysis (PCA) linear discriminant analysis (LDA) induction motor fault diagnosis fusionalgorithm

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Liquid crystal-powered Mie resonators for electrically tunable photorealistic color gradients and dark blacks

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第6期11卷 1098-1108页

作者： Trevon Badloe Joohoon kim Inki kim Won-Sik kim Wook Sung kim young-Ki kim Junsuk Rho Department of Mechanical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea Department of Biophysics Institute of Quantum BiophysicsSungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea Department of Chemical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea Department of Electrical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea POSCO-POSTECH-RIST Convergence Research Center for Flat Optics and Metaphotonics Pohang 37673Republic of Korea National Institute of Nanomaterials Technology(NINT) Pohang 37673Republic of Korea

Taking inspiration from beautiful colors in nature,structural colors produced from nanostructured metasurfaces have shown great promise as a platform for bright,highly saturated,and high-resolution *** plasmonic and dielectric materials have been employed to produce static colors that fulfil the required criteria for high-performance color printing,however,for practical applications in dynamic situations,a form of tunability is *** of the additive color palette of red,green,and blue enable the expression of further colors beyond the three primary colors,while the simultaneous intensity modulation allows access to the full color ***,we demonstrate an electrically tunable metasurface that can represent saturated red,green,and blue pixels that can be dynamically and continuously controlled between on and off states using liquid *** use this to experimentally realize ultrahigh-resolution color printing,active multicolor cryptographic applications,and tunable pixels toward high-performance full-color reflective displays.

关键词： saturated printing colors

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