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Epidural electrical stimulation for spinal cord injury

Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第12期16卷 2367-2375页

作者： Elliot H.Choi Sandra Gattas Nolan J.Brown John D.Hong Joshua N.Limbo Alvin y.Chan Michael y.oh Department of Pharmacology School of MedicineCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA Department of Ophthalmology Gavin Herbert Eye InstituteSchool of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA Department of Neurosurgery University of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA

A long-standing goal of spinal cord injury research is to develop effective repair strategies,which can restore motor and sensory functions to near-normal *** advances in clinical management of spinal cord injury have significantly improved the prognosis,survival rate and quality of life in patients with spinal cord *** addition,a significant progress in basic science research has unraveled the underlying cellular and molecular events of spinal cord *** efforts enabled the development of pharmacologic agents,biomaterials and stem-cell based *** these efforts,there is still no standard care to regenerate axons or restore function of silent axons in the injured spinal *** challenges led to an increased focus on another therapeutic approach,namely *** multiple animal models of spinal cord injury,epidural electrical stimulation of the spinal cord has demonstrated a recovery of motor *** evidence regarding the efficacy of epidural electrical stimulation has further expanded the potential of epidural electrical stimulation for treating patients with spinal cord ***,most clinical studies were conducted on a very small number of patients with a wide range of spinal cord ***,subsequent studies are essential to evaluate the therapeutic potential of epidural electrical stimulation for spinal cord injury and to optimize stimulation ***,we discuss cellular and molecular events that continue to damage the injured spinal cord and impede neurological recovery following spinal cord *** also discuss and summarize the animal and human studies that evaluated epidural electrical stimulation in spinal cord injury.

关键词： central nervous system chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans epidural electrical stimulation glial scar gliosis neural activity neuromodulation oligodendrocyte spinal cord injury

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Therapeutic potential of neuromodulation for demyelinating diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第2期16卷 214-217页

作者： Elliot H.Choi Chioma Nwakalor Nolan J.Brown Joonho Lee Michael y.oh In Hong yang Department of Pharmacology School of MedicineCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA Department of Ophthalmology Gavin Herbert Eye InstituteSchool of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA Department of Neurological Surgery University of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA Department of Mechanical Engineering and Engineering Science Center for Biomedical Engineering and ScienceUniversity of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNCUSA University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry RochesterNYUSA

Neuromodulation represents a cutting edge class of both invasive and non-invasive therapeutic methods which alter the activity of ***,several different techniques have been developed-or are currently being investigated–to treat a wide variety of neurological and neuropsychiatric ***,in vivo and in vitro studies have revealed that neuromodulation can also induce myelination,meaning that it could hold potential as a therapy for various demyelinating diseases including multiple sclerosis and progressive multifocal *** findings come on the heels of a paradigm shift in the view of myelin's role within the nervous system from a static structure to an active co-regulator of central nervous system plasticity and participant in neuron-mediated *** the present review,we highlight several of the recent findings regarding the role of neural activity in altering myelination including several soluble and contact-dependent factors that seem to mediate neural activitydependent *** also highlight several considerations for neuromodulatory techniques,including the need for further research into spatiotemporal precision,dosage,and the safety and efficacy of transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation,an emerging neuromodulation *** the field of neuromodulation continues to evolve,it could potentially bring forth methods for the treatment of demyelinating diseases,and as such,further investigation into the mechanisms of neuron-dependent myelination as well as neuro-imaging modalities that can monitor myelination activity is warranted.

关键词： central nervous system deep brain stimulation myelination neural activity oligodendrocyte optogenetic stimulation transcranial electrical stimulation transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation transcranial magnetic stimulation

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静电纺嵌锰聚丙烯腈基活性碳纳米纤维及其甲苯吸附性表征

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合成纤维 2008年第10期37卷 49-53页

作者： G.-y.oh 刘呈坤

利用分散有不同锰含量的聚丙烯腈(PAN)混合溶液,通过静电纺制备聚合物纤维,然后经过预氧化、碳化和活化工艺对静电纺获得的聚合物纤维进行处理以合成活性碳纳米纤维。活化工艺如下:氮气气氛下,于体积比为30%的蒸汽(800℃)中处理30 min... 详细信息

利用分散有不同锰含量的聚丙烯腈(PAN)混合溶液,通过静电纺制备聚合物纤维,然后经过预氧化、碳化和活化工艺对静电纺获得的聚合物纤维进行处理以合成活性碳纳米纤维。活化工艺如下:氮气气氛下,于体积比为30%的蒸汽(800℃)中处理30 min。不含锰或者嵌锰的活性碳纳米纤维的平均直径约为250 nm。从对孔表征的结果可以看出,具有更高比表面积以及更大孔容的活性碳纳米纤维在甲苯的吸附中占据优势,不含锰的样品的甲苯吸附能力为40 g甲苯/100 g活性碳纳米纤维,然而,嵌有0.23%锰的样品的甲苯吸附能力为68 g甲苯/100 g复合碳纳米纤维,其对应的比表面积、微孔容以及平均微孔直径分别为1229 m2/g、0.416 cm3/g和5.8魡。适合于甲苯吸附的微孔特征是由静电纺、锰粒子的添加以及活化工艺进行控制,这是为什么要通过静电纺制备定向排列和锰(用于作为催化反应的催化剂)分散良好的纳米纤维,以及寻求最佳活化条件防止产生中孔的原因。对于活性碳纳米纤维的表面化学性能,所有样品表面的氧/碳比(O/C)是相似的(约为0.1),这表明活性碳纳米纤维表面是非极性的。

关键词：碳纳米纤维合成活性聚丙烯腈基锰含量静电纺吸附性甲苯表征

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Partial Collapsing Degeneration of Floer Trajectories and Adiabatic Gluing

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第1期40卷 161-249页

作者： yong-Geun oh Ke ZHU Center for Geometry and Physics Institute for Basic Science(IBS)79 Jigok-ro 127beon-gilNam-guPohang-siGyeongsangbuk-doKorea 37673&POSTECHGyeongsangbuk doKorea Department of Mathematics and Statistics Minnesota State UniversityMankatoMN 56001USA

In the present paper,we study partial collapsing degeneration of Hamiltonian-perturbed Floer trajectories for an adiabatic ε-family and its reversal adiabatic gluing,as the prototype of the partial collapsing degeneration of 2-dimensional(perturbed)J-holomorphic maps to 1-dimensional gradient *** consider the case when the Floer equations are S^(1)-invariant on parts of their domains whose adiabatic limit has positive length as ε→0,which we call thimble-flow-thimble *** main gluing theorem we prove also applies to the case with Lagrangian boundaries such as in the problem of recovering holomorphic disks out of pearly *** particular,our gluing theorem gives rise to a new direct proof of the chain isomorphism property between the Morse-Bott version of Lagrangian intersection Floer complex of L by Fukaya-oh-ohta-Ono and the pearly complex of L Lalonde and *** also provides another proof of the present authors’earlier proof of the isomorphism property of the PSS map without involving the target rescaling and the scale-dependent gluing.

关键词： Floer trajectory equation partial collapsing degeneration thimble-flow-thimble moduli space adiabatic gluing exponential decay estimates three-interval method

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Stoichiometric Ti3C2Tx Coating for Inhibiting Dendrite Growth in Anode-Free Lithium Metal Batteries

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第4期7卷 153-162页

作者： Xiangrong Zeng Manmatha Mahato Woong oh Hyunjoon yoo Van Hiep Nguyen Saewoong oh Geetha Valurouthu Soon-Ki Jeong Chi Won Ahn yury Gogotsi Il-Kwon oh National Creative Research Initiative for Functionally Antagonistic Nano-Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Department of Materials Science & Engineering and A. J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute Drexel University Department of Energy Engineering Soonchunhyang University National Nanofab Center (NNFC) Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)

Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) and anode-free LMBs (AFLMBs) present a solution to the need for batteries with a significantly superior theoretical energy ***,their adoption is hindered by low Coulombic efficiency (CE) and rapid capacity fading,primarily due to the formation of unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer and Li dendrite growth as a result of uneven Li plating.

关键词： anode-free lithium metal batteries stoichiometric MXene solid electrolyte interphase surface terminations

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Extraction of intersecting palm-vein and palmprint features for cancellable identity verification

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第1期9卷 69-86页

作者： Jaekwon Lee Beom-Seok oh Kar-Ann Toh School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Applied Artificial Intelligence Seoul National University of Science and TechnologySeoulRepublic of Korea

A novel method based on the cross-modality intersecting features of the palm-vein and the palmprint is proposed for identity *** on the unique geometrical relationship between the two biometric modalities,the cross-modality intersecting points provides a stable set of features for identity *** facilitate flexibility in template changes,a template transformation is *** maintaining non-invertibility,the template transformation allows transformation sizes beyond that offered by the con-ventional *** experiments using three public palm databases are conducted to verify the effectiveness the proposed system for identity recognition.

关键词： biometrics hand vein recognition hand-based biometrics multi-biometrics palmprint recognition

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Influence of gut microbiome composition on effect variations of anti-cholesterol treatment among individual mice

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第5期13卷 3054-3065页

作者： Hyemin oh yohan yoon Risk Analysis Research Center Sookmyung Women’s UniversitySeoul 04310Korea Department of Food and Nutrition Sookmyung Women’s UniversitySeoul 04310Korea

This study investigated if the variation in the effect of anti-cholesterol(AC)treatment on individual mice are related to gut microbiome *** bile salt hydrolase(BSH)activity of 23 commercial fermented milk products was examined to select a fermented milk product for AC *** were fed to different diets for 6 weeks:high-fat(60%of total calories from fat;D1),high-dietary fibre(20%cellulose;D2),and low-fat(17.2%of total calories from fat;D3)diets to change their gut ***,faecal microbiome was transplanted(FMT)into mice treated with high cholesterol diet contained 2%cholesterol,followed by AC or non-AC(sterile tap water,STW)*** groups with normal(NC)and highcholesterol diets(PC)were prepared for both AC and STW *** experimental groups were subjected to serum and liver cholesterol,cholesterol metabolism-related(CMR)gene expression,and intestinal microbiome analyses.D3-FMT mice showed the most significant enhancements in cholesterol ratio and decreased hepatic cholesterol levels with AC ***,upregulation of the Cyp7a1 gene expression was observed in this ***,the intestinal microbiome analysis indicated higher abundances of BSH-producing Eubacterium,Bifidobacterium,and Parabacteroides in the D3-FMT+AC group compare to others,potentially contributing to increased bile acid synthesis.

关键词： ut microbiome Anti-cholesterol Bile salt hydrolase(BSH)activity Bile acid synthesis Faecal microbiota transplantation

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N, P co-doped 3D porous carbon with self-assembled morphological control via template-free method for potassiumion battery anodes

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4243-4252页

作者： Jeehoon yu Dae Kyom Kim Hong Geun oh Seung-Keun Park youngjae yoo Department of Advanced Materials Engineering Chung-Ang University

The larger ionic radius of potassium ions than that of lithium ions significantly limits the accomplishment of rapid diffusion kinetics in graphite electrodes for potassium-ion batteries （PIBs）,resulting in comparatively poor rate performance and cycle ***,we report a high-rate performance and cycling stability amorphous carbon electrode achieved through nitrogen and phosphorous *** as-prepared N,P co-doped carbon electrodes have distinct 3D structures with large surface areas,hierarchical pore architectures,and increased interlayer spaces resulting from the direct pyrolysis of supramolecular self-assembled aggregates without *** obtained electrode N3P1 exhibits a reversible specific capacity of 258 m Ah·g-1at a current density of 0.1A·g-1and a good long-term cycle performance (96.1%capacity retention after 800 cycles at 0.5 A·g-1).Kinetic investigations show that the N3P1 electrode with the welldeveloped porous structure and large number of surface defects exhibits capacitive-driven behavior at all scan rates,which may be attributed by N and P ***-situ transmission electron microscopy analyses in the fully discharged and charged states demonstrate structural stability and reversibility owing to the expanded interlayer *** suggested synthesis approach is simple and effective for producing heteroatom-doped carbon materials for PIBs and other advanced electrochemical energy storage materials.

关键词： 3D porous structures Amorphous carbons Nitrogen and phosphorous co-doping Potassium-ion batteries

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Pulsed laser interference patterning of transition-metal carbides for stable alkaline water electrolysis kinetics

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Carbon Energy 2024年第5期6卷 65-80页

作者： yewon oh Jayaraman Theerthagiri Ahreum Min Cheol Joo Moon yiseul yu Myong yong Choi Department of Chemistry(BK21 FOUR) Research Institute of Natural SciencesGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea Core−Facility Center for Photochemistry and Nanomaterials Gyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea

We investigated the role of metal atomization and solvent decomposition into reductive species and carbon clusters in the phase formation of transition-metal carbides(TMCs;namely,Co_(3)C,Fe_(3)C,TiC,and MoC)by pulsed laser ablation of Co,Fe,Ti,and Mo metals in *** interaction between carbon s-p-orbitals and metal d-orbitals causes a redistribution of valence structure through charge transfer,leading to the formation of surface defects as observed by X-ray photoelectron *** defects influence the evolved TMCs,making them effective for hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions(HER and OER)in an alkaline ***_(3)C with more oxygen affinity promoted CoO(oh)intermediates,and the electrochemical surface oxidation to Co_(3)O_(4)was captured via in situ/operando electrochemical Raman probes,increasing the number of active sites for OER *** with more d-vacancies exhibits strong hydrogen binding,promoting HER kinetics,whereas Fe_(3)C and TiC with more defect states to trap charge carriers may hinder both OER and HER *** results show that the assembled membrane-less electrolyzer with Co_(3)C∥Co_(3)C and MoC∥MoC electrodes requires~2.01 and 1.99 V,respectively,to deliver a 10 mA cm−2 with excellent electrochemical and structural *** addition,the ascertained pulsed laser synthesis mechanism and unit-cell packing relations will open up sustainable pathways for obtaining highly stable electrocatalysts for electrolyzers.

关键词： acetone H_(2)and O_(2)evolution reactions pulsed laser ablation surface defects transition-metal carbides water electrolyzer

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Tailoring high-refractive-index nanocomposites for manufacturing of ultraviolet metasurfaces

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 303-310页

作者： Hyunjung Kang Dongkyo oh Nara Jeon Joohoon Kim Hongyoon Kim Trevon Badloe Junsuk Rho Department of Mechanical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)PohangRepublic of Korea Graduate School of Artificial Intelligence Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)PohangRepublic of Korea Department of Chemical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)PohangRepublic of Korea Department of Electrical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)PohangRepublic of Korea POSCO-POSTECH-RIST Convergence Research Center for Flat Optics and Metaphotonics PohangRepublic of Korea National Institute of Nanomaterials Technology(NINT) PohangRepublic of Korea

Nanoimprint lithography(NIL)has been utilized to address the manufacturing challenges of high cost and low throughput for optical *** overcome the limitations inherent in conventional imprint resins characterized by a low refractive index(n),high-n nanocomposites have been introduced to directly serve as ***,comprehensive research on these nanocomposites is notably *** this study,we focus on the composition of high-n zirconium dioxide(ZrO_(2))nanoparticle(NP)concentration and solvents used to produce ultraviolet(UV)metaholograms and quantify the transfer fidelity by the measured conversion *** utilization of 80 wt%ZrO_(2)NPs in MIBK,MEK,and acetone results in conversion efficiencies of 62.3%,51.4%,and 61.5%,respectively,at a wavelength of 325 *** analysis of the solvent composition and NP concentration can further enhance the manufacturing capabilities of high-n nanocomposites in NIL,enabling potential practical use of optical metasurfaces.

关键词： ultraviolet refractive nanocomposites

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