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Fetal Head Compression: Its Possible Role in Neurologic Injury

Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第1期14卷 124-143页

作者： Barry S. Schifrin Brian J. Koos Wayne R. cohen Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The Western University of Health Sciences Pomona USA The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles USA The University of Arizona College of Medicine Tucson USA

It is widely assumed that fetal ischemic brain injury during labor derives almost exclusively from severe, systemic hypoxemia with marked neonatal depression and acidemia. Severe asphyxia, however, is one of several causes of perinatal neurological injury and may not be the most common;most neonates diagnosed with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy do not have evidence of severe asphyxia. Sepsis, direct brain trauma, and drug or toxin exposure account for some cases, while mechanical forces of labor and delivery that increase fetal intracranial pressure sufficiently to impair brain perfusion may also contribute. Because of bony compliance and mobile suture lines, the fetal skull changes shape and redistributes cerebrospinal fluid during labor according to constraints imposed by contractions, and bony and soft tissue elements of the birth canal as the head descends. These accommodations, including the increase in intracranial pressure, are adaptive and necessary for efficient descent of the head while safeguarding cerebral blood flow. Autonomic reflexes mediated through central receptors normally provide ample protection of the brain from the considerable pressure exerted on the skull. On occasion, those forces, which are transmitted intracranially, may overcome the various adaptive anatomical, cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurological mechanisms that maintain cerebral perfusion and oxygen availability, resulting in ischemic brain injury. Accepting the notion of a potentially adverse impact of fetal head compression suggests that avoidance of excessive uterine activity and of relentless pushing without steady progress in descent may offer protection for the fetal brain during parturition. Excessive head compression should be considered in the differential diagnosis of ischemic encephalopathy.

关键词： Fetal Brain Injury Fetal Head Compression Ischemic Encephalopathy Neonatal Encephalopathy

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A randomized controlled trial of Promoting Physical Activity in Regional and Remote Cancer Survivors(PPARCS)

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 81-89页

作者： Sarah J.Hardcastle Chloe Maxwell-Smith Vinicius Cavalheri Terry Boyle Marta Leyton Román Cameron Platell Michael Levitt Christobel Saunders Frank Sardelic Sophie Nightingale Jacob McCormick Craig Lynch Paul A.cohen Max Bulsara Dana Hince Sport and Physical Activity Research Centre Sheffield Hallam UniversitySheffieldS102BPUK Institute for Health Research The University of Notre DameFremantleWA 6959Australia Curtin School of Population Health Curtin UniversityPerthWA 6845Australia Curtin School of Allied Health Curtin UniversityPerthWA 6845Australia Allied Health South Metropolitan Health ServiceMurdochWA 6150Australia Australian Centre for Precision Health University of South AustraliaAdelaideSA 5001Australia Department of Didactics of Musical Plastic and Body ExpressionUniversity of ExtremaduraCaceres 10071Spain St.John of God Subiaco Hospital PerthWA 6008Australia Department of Surgery University of MelbourneMelbourneVIC 3010Australia Tamara Private Hospital TamworthNSW 2340Australia Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre MelbourneVIC 3000Australia College of Health and Medicine Australian National UniversityCanberraACT 2600Australia Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Medical SchoolUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthWA 6009Australia

Background:Physical activity(PA)is important for cancer *** of remotely delivered interventions are needed to assist in reaching under-served non-metropolitan cancer *** objective of this study was to ascertain whether wearable technology,coupled with health coaching was effective in increasing PA in breast and colorectal cancer survivors living in regional and remote areas in ***:Cancer survivors from 5 states were randomized to intervention and control *** participants were given a Fitbit Charge 2TMand received up to 6 telephone health coaching *** participants received PA print *** assessments at baseline and 12 weeks measured moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA),light PA,and sedentary ***:Eighty-seven participants were recruited(age=63±11 years;74(85%)female).There was a significant net improvement in MVPA of 49.8 min/week,favoring the intervention group(95%confidence interval(95%CI):13.6-86.1,p=0.007).There was also a net increase in MVPA bouts of 39.5 min/week(95%CI:11.9-67.1,p=0.005),favoring the intervention *** groups improved light PA and sedentary behavior,but there were no between-group ***:This’s the first study to demonstrate that,when compared to standard practice(i.e.,PA education),a wearable technology intervention coupled with distance-based health coaching,improves MVPA in non-metropolitan cancer *** results display promise for the use of scalable interventions using smart wearable technology in conjunction with phone-based health coaching to foster increased PA in geographically disadvantaged cancer survivors.

关键词： Behavior change Exercise Health disparities Oncology Wearable technology

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Superior antibody and membrane protein‑specific T‑cell responses to CoronaVac by intradermal versus intramuscular routes in adolescents

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期20卷 353-370页

作者： Jaime S.Rosa Duque Samuel M.S.Cheng Carolyn A.cohen Daniel Leung Xiwei Wang Xiaofeng Mu yuet Chung Tsun Ming Lau Manni Wang Wenyue Zhang yanmei Zhang Howard H.W.Wong Leo C.H.Tsang Sara Chaothai Tsz Chun Kwan John K.C.Li Karl C.K.Chan Leo L.H.Luk Jenson C.H.Ho Wing yan Li Amos M.T.Lee Jennifer H.y.Lam Sau Man Chan Wilfred H.S.Wong Issan y.S.Tam Masashi Mori Sophie A.Valkenburg Malik Peiris Wenwei Tu yu Lung Lau Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine The University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Public Health The University of Hong KongHong KongChina HKU‑Pasteur Research Pole School of Public HealthThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology Ishikawa Prefectural UniversityNonoichiJapan Department of Microbiology and Immunology Peter Doherty Institute for Infectionand ImmunityUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia Center for Immunology and Infection C2i Hong KongChina

Background Optimising the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines to improve their protection against disease is *** dosing by intradermal(ID)administration has been shown to be equally immunogenic as intramuscular(IM)administration for several vaccines,but the immunogenicity of ID inactivated whole severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)at the full dose is *** study(NCT04800133)investigated the superiority of antibody and T-cell responses of full-dose CoronaVac by ID over IM administration in *** Participants aged 11–17 years received two doses of IM or ID vaccine,followed by the 3rd dose 13–42 days *** and cellular immunogenicity outcomes were measured post-dose 2(IM-CC versus ID-CC)and post-dose 3(IMCCC versus ID-CCC).Doses 2 and 3 were administered to 173 and 104 adolescents,*** Spike protein(S)immunoglobulin G(IgG),S-receptor-binding domain(RBD)IgG,S IgG Fcγreceptor IIIa(FcγRIIIa)-binding,SNM[sum of individual(S),nucleocapsid protein(N),and membrane protein(M)peptide pool]-specific interleukin-2(IL-2)+CD4^(+),SNM-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+),S-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+),N-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+),N-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+)and M-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+)responses fulfilled the superior and non-inferior criteria for ID-CC compared to IM-CC,whereas IgG avidity was *** ID-CCC,S-RBD IgG,surrogate virus neutralisation test,90%plaque reduction neutralisation titre(PRNT90),PRNT50,S IgG avidity,S IgG FcγRIIIa-binding,M-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+),interferon-γ+CD8^(+)and IL-2^(+)CD8^(+)responses were superior and non-inferior to *** estimated vaccine efficacies were 49%,52%,66%and 79%for IM-CC,ID-CC,IM-CCC and ID-CCC,*** ID groups reported more local,mild adverse *** This is the first study to demonstrate superior antibody and M-specific T-cell responses by ID inactivated SARSCoV-2 vaccination and serves as the basis for future research to improve the

关键词： CoronaVac Coronavirus disease 2019 Immunity Intradermal Vaccine

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Space Deformations,Surface Deformations and the Opportunities In-Between

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2009年第1期24卷 2-5页

作者： Daniel cohen-Or School of Computer Science Tel-Aviv UniversityIsrael

In recent years we have witnessed a large interest in surface deformation techniques. This has been a reaction that can be attributed to the ability to develop techniques which are detail-preserving. Space deformation techniques, on the other hand, received less attention, but nevertheless they have many advantages over surface-based techniques. This paper explores the potential of these two approaches to deformation and discusses the opportunities that the fusion of the two may lead to.

关键词： space deformation mesh editing digital surfaces

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NON SPURIOUS SPECTRAL-LIKE ELEMENT METHODS FOR MAXWELL'S EQUATIONS

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2007年第3期25卷 282-304页

作者： Gary.cohen Marc Duruflé INRIA Domaine de VoluceauRocquencourt-BP 10578153 Le Chesnay CedexFrance

In this paper, we give the state of the art for the so called “mixed spectral elements” for Maxwell＇s equations. Several families of elements, such as edge elements and discon-tinuous Galerkin methods （DGM） are presented and discussed. In particular, we show the need of introducing some numerical dissipation terms to avoid spurious modes in these methods. Such terms are classical for DGM but their use for edge element methods is novel approach described in this paper. Finally, numerical experiments show the fast and low-cost character of these elements.

关键词： Maxwell's equations Discontinuous Galerkin methods Edge elements Masslumping.

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A Random Nonstationary Pulse Train Model

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Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology 2021年第3期30卷 228-237页

作者： Leon cohen Department of Physics Hunter College of the City University of New York695 Park Ave.New YorkNY 10065USA

A simple and mathematically tractable model of a nonstationary process is *** process is the sum of waves where the parameters of the waves are *** expres-sions for the mean and autocorrelation function at each position as a function of time are *** the case of infinite time,the model evolves into a stationary *** time-frequency distri-bution at each position is also *** explicit example is given where the initial waves are *** case where there is dispersion in the propagation is also discussed.

关键词： nonstationary process mean and autocorrelation function time-frequency distribution Gaussian waves

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基于高分五号卫星的山西省煤炭行业甲烷点源排放特征

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煤炭学报 2024年第9期49卷 3960-3968页

作者：康涵书秦凯鹿凡胡玮许庆科恩·杰森中国矿业大学江苏省煤基温室气体减排与资源化利用重点实验室江苏徐州221008 中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院江苏徐州221116

甲烷是长效温室气体之一,其增温潜势是CO_(2)的28倍,约占全球变暖效应的16%。煤炭生产活动是中国甲烷排放的主要来源之一,作为中国主要的煤炭生产基地之一,山西省煤炭行业排放了大量甲烷。利用高分辨率遥感数据对山西省煤炭行业的甲烷... 详细信息

甲烷是长效温室气体之一,其增温潜势是CO_(2)的28倍,约占全球变暖效应的16%。煤炭生产活动是中国甲烷排放的主要来源之一,作为中国主要的煤炭生产基地之一,山西省煤炭行业排放了大量甲烷。利用高分辨率遥感数据对山西省煤炭行业的甲烷排放进行估算,可以为建立精细化的煤炭行业甲烷排放清单奠定数据基础,并为制定有效的减排措施提供科学依据。利用我国高分五号02星搭载的先进高光谱成像仪(AHSI),使用2021年10月—2023年3月的数据,探测到山西省煤炭行业等408个厂矿的838个甲烷羽流,并计算各羽流的排放速率。结果显示:①山西省煤炭行业的甲烷羽流排放速率呈现出非对称性,84%的羽流的排放速率在0.5~3.0 t/h,但也有少数极端情况,最高的排放速率超过10.0 t/h。②山西省有6个煤炭行业甲烷点源排放密集区,其中5个密集区与XCH_(4)的高值区域相对应。③检测到甲烷排放点源,以煤矿和焦化企业为最多。不同类型的排放源甲烷平均排放速率差异性较大,且排放速率会随时间和排放源的变化而波动。煤炭行业的各个环节都可能存在甲烷排放。④高度持续性排放源虽然只占所有点源的13%,但其贡献了41%的总排放速率。相反,高度间断性排放源虽然占了59%,但其只贡献了25%的总排放速率。全山西煤炭行业的甲烷综合排放速率为177.17±56.35 t/h,主要由煤矿类、焦化类和火电类企业的甲烷排放构成。

关键词： GF5B–AHSI 煤炭行业甲烷点源排放排放特征间歇性

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EXPONENTIAL INTEGRATORS FOR STOCHASTIC SCHRODINGER EQUATIONS DRIVEN By ITO NOISE

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2018年第2期36卷 276-309页

作者： Rikard Anton David cohen Department of Mathematics and Mathematical Statistics Umea University SE-901 87 Umea Sweden Department of Mathematics University of Innsbruck A 6020 Innsbruck Austria

We study an explicit exponential scheme for the time discretisation of stochastic SchrS- dinger Equations Driven by additive or Multiplicative It6 Noise. The numerical scheme is shown to converge with strong order 1 if the noise is additive and with strong order 1/2 for multiplicative noise. In addition, if the noise is additive, we show that the exact solutions of the linear stochastic Sehr6dinger equations satisfy trace formulas for the expected mass, energy, and momentum （i. e., linear drifts in these quantities）. Furthermore, we inspect the behaviour of the numerical solutions with respect to these trace formulas. Several numerical simulations are presented and confirm our theoretical results.

关键词： Stochastic partial differential equations Stochastic SchrSdinger equations,Numerical methods Geometric numerical integration Stochastic exponential integrators,Strong convergence Trace formulas.

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Image resizing by reconstruction from deep features

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Computational Visual Media 2021年第4期7卷 453-466页

作者： Dov Danon Moab Arar Daniel cohen-Or Ariel Shamir Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv69978Israel The Interdisciplinary Center Herzliya Herzliya4610101

Traditional image resizing methods usually work in pixel space and use various saliency *** challenge is to adjust the image shape while trying to preserve important *** this paper we perform image resizing in feature space using the deep layers of a neural network containing rich important semantic *** directly adjust the image feature maps,extracted from a pre-trained classification network,and reconstruct the resized image using neuralnetwork based *** novel approach leverages the hierarchical encoding of the network,and in particular,the high-level discriminative power of its deeper layers,that can recognize semantic regions and objects,thereby allowing maintenance of their aspect *** use of reconstruction from deep features results in less noticeable artifacts than use of imagespace resizing *** evaluate our method on benchmarks,compare it to alternative approaches,and demonstrate its strengths on challenging images.

关键词： image retargeting reconstruction deep seam carving image resizing

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Dance to the beat： Synchronizing motion to audio

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Computational Visual Media 2018年第3期4卷 197-208页

作者： Rachele Bellini yanir Kleimani Daniel cohen-Or Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv 6997801 Israel.

In this paper we introduce a video post-processing method that enhances the rhythm of a dancing performance,in the sense that the dancing movements are more in time to the beat of the *** dancing performance as observed in a video is analyzed and segmented into motion intervals delimited by motion *** present an image-space method to extract the motion beats of a video by detecting frames at which there is a significant change in direction or motion *** motion beats are then synchronized with the music beats such that as many beats as possible are matched with as little as possible time-warping distortion to the *** show two applications for this cross-media synchronization:one where a given dance performance is enhanced to be better synchronized with its original music,and one where a given dance video is automatically adapted to be synchronized with different music.

关键词： video processing synchronization motionsegmentation video analysis

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