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Cortical hem signaling center: functions, development, and potential implications for evolution and brain disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1079-1080页

作者： Victor V.Chizhikov Igor y.Iskusnykh Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology University of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTNUSA

Development of the telencephalon relies upon several signaling centers-localized cellular populations that supply secreted factors to pattern the cortical *** such signaling center is the cortical hem,which arises during embryonic development at the telencephalic dorsal midline,adjacent to the choroid plexus and hippocampal primordium(Figure 1A).While the cortical hem has also been described in reptiles and birds,most of our knowledge about the developmental roles of the cortical hem is derived from the analysis in *** cortical hem produces several types of secreted molecules,including wingless-related integration site(Wnt)and bone morphogenetic(Bmp)*** cortical hem is particularly important for the development of the hippocampus,which is involved in learning and memory,and the neocortex,which is the most complex brain region that mediates multiple types of behavior and higher cognitive functions(Mangale et al.,2008;Dal-Valle-Anton and Borrell,2022).

关键词： epithelium Figure center

Magnitude, spatial patterns and drivers of methane fluxes from coastal salt marshes and mangrove forests in China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第3期68卷 850-866页

作者： yixuan yU Derrick y.F.lAI Minjie HU Chuan TONG Key laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process of Ministry of Education Fujian Normal University School of Geographical Sciences Fujian Normal University Department of Geography and Resource Management The Chinese University of Hong Kong

Methane（CH4） is a highly potent greenhouse gas due to its high radiative forcing and global warming *** the magnitude, spatial patterns, and drivers of CH4emission from wetlands at the regional scale is crucial for formulating suitable strategies to mitigate future climate change. In this study, we synthesized the CH4flux data reported for major plant communities in the coastal salt marshes and mangrove forests in China and produced a spatial map of CH4fluxes from the mangrove sediments and salt marshes in China based on the results of machine learning models. Moreover, we examined the main drivers of CH4flux from these coastal wetlands and estimated the annual CH4emissions from the salt marshes and mangrove forests in different coastal provinces of China using a bottom-up approach. Our results showed that the mean CH4fluxes from the salt marsh and mangrove ecosystems in China were 2.22±0.29 and 2.26±0.55 mg m-2h-1, respectively. Across China, the total annual CH4emission from salt marshes was 31,179.75 Mg CH4a-1, while that from mangroves was 5,533.97 Mg CH4a-1with the sediments contributing to 12.7%(701.64 Mg CH4a-1) of the total efflux. The salt marshes and mangroves in China accounted for 2.75% and 0.14%–0.15% of the global annual CH4emissions from these two ecosystems,respectively. Moreover, we found that CH4emissions from the salt marshes and mangroves could offset the cooling impact arising from net carbon dioxide uptake by 88% and 53%, respectively, over a 100-year time scale. Mean annual temperature, soil moisture, and soil organic carbon content were the main factors controlling CH4emissions from these coastal ***, we found that CH4fluxes from the salt marshes in China decreased with latitude, which implied a possible increase in marsh CH4emission in response to global warming that should be considered carefully when developing nature-based climate solutions to achieve national goals for carbon neutrality.

关键词： Salt marsh Mangrove Methane flux Spatial pattern Driving factors China

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Morphology and phylogeny of two species of Bathypathes from the tropical western Pacific,with description of a new species

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Journal of Oceanology and limnology 2025年第1期43卷 248-260页

作者： Ting lÜ Zifeng ZHAN Kuidong XU laboratory of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Biodiversity and ConservationInstitute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266237China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The black coral genus Bathypathes Brook,1889 represents a relatively diverse and ecologically important assemblage comprising the deep-sea hard substrate *** phylogenetic investigations have revealed the polyphyletic nature of Bathypathes,urging further morphological analysis to understand its *** combing morphological and molecular data,we describe Bathypathes multifurcata *** report *** Molodtsova,Opresko&Wagner,2022based on the specimens collected from the tropical western *** phylogenetic topology reconstructed using nuclear ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 and three mitochondrial fragments suggests the separation of Bathypathes into four *** analysis of morphological characters,particularly the colony branch and pinnule patterns also roughly classify Bathypathes into four morphological groups A–*** A is characterized by the unbranched colony and the subopposite arrangement of *** contrast to Group A,Groups B–D have the alternately arranged *** these,Group C exhibits a distinctly long unpinnulated stem compared to Groups B and *** B has unbranched colony,relatively short unpinnulated stem,and spines on pinnules have blunt *** Group D,large colonies(higher than 40 cm)have one or a few branches,small colonies(less than 40 cm)are unbranched,and spines on pinnules have acute *** data particularly those species without sequences are necessary to verify the classification of these groups.

关键词： Antipatharia black coral taxonomy phylogeny seamount western Pacific

Deep view of composite SNR CTA1 with lHAASO in γ-rays up to 300 TeV

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年

作者： Zhen Cao F.Aharonian Axikegu y.X.Bai y.W.Bao D.Bastieri X.J.Bi y.J.Bi W.Bian A.V.Bukevich Q.Cao W.y.Cao Zhe Cao J.Chang J.F.Chang A.M.Chen E.S.Chen H.X.Chen liang Chen lin Chen long Chen M.J.Chen M.l.Chen Q.H.Chen S.Chen S.H.Chen S.Z.Chen T.l.Chen y.Chen N.Cheng y.D.Cheng M.C.Chu M.y.Cui S.W.Cui X.H.Cui y.D.Cui B.Z.Dai H.l.Dai Z.G.Dai Danzengluobu X.Q.Dong K.K.Duan J.H.Fan y.Z.Fan J.Fang J.H.Fang K.Fang C.F.Feng H.Feng l.Feng S.H.Feng X.T.Feng y.Feng y.l.Feng S.Gabici B.Gao C.D.Gao Q.Gao W.Gao W.K.Gao M.M.Ge T.T.Ge l.S.Geng G.Giacinti G.H.Gong Q.B.Gou M.H.Gu F.l.Guo J.Guo X.l.Guo y.Q.Guo y.y.Guo y.A.Han O.A.Hannuksela M.Hasan H.H.He H.N.He J.y.He y.He y.K.Hor B.W.Hou C.Hou X.Hou H.B.Hu Q.Hu S.C.Hu C.Huang D.H.Huang T.Q.Huang W.J.Huang X.T.Huang X.y.Huang y.Huang y.y.Huang X.l.Ji H.y.Jia K.Jia H.B.Jiang K.Jiang X.W.Jiang Z.J.Jiang M.Jin M.M.Kang I.Karpikov D.Khangulyan D.Kuleshov K.Kurinov B.B.li C.M.li Cheng li Cong li D.li F.li H.B.li H.C.li Jian li Jie li K.li S.D.li W.l.li W.l.li X.R.li Xin li y.Z.li Zhe li Zhuo li E.W.liang y.F.liang S.J.lin B.liu C.liu D.liu D.B.liu H.liu H.D.liu J.liu J.l.liu M.y.liu R.y.liu S.M.liu W.liu y.liu y.N.liu Q.luo y.luo H.K.lv B.Q.Ma l.l.Ma X.H.Ma J.R.Mao Z.Min W.Mitthumsiri H.J.Mu y.C.Nan A.Neronov K.C.y.Ng l.J.Ou P.Pattarakijwanich Z.y.Pei J.C.Qi M.y.Qi B.Q.Qiao J.J.Qin A.Raza D.Ruffolo A.Sáiz M.Saeed D.Semikoz l.Shao O.Shchegolev X.D.Sheng F.W.Shu H.C.Song yu.V.Stenkin V.Stepanov y.Su D.X.Sun Q.N.Sun X.N.Sun Z.B.Sun J.Takata P.H.T.Tam Q.W.Tang R.Tang Z.B.Tang W.W.Tian l.H.Wan C.Wang C.B.Wang G.W.Wang H.G.Wang H.H.Wang J.C.Wang Kai Wang Kai Wang l.P.Wang l.y.Wang P.H.Wang R.Wang W.Wang X.G.Wang X.y.Wang y.Wang y.D.Wang y.J.Wang Z.H.Wang Z.X.Wang Zhen Wang Zheng Wang D.M.Wei J.J.Wei y.J.Wei T.Wen C.y.Wu H.R.Wu Q.W.Wu S.Wu X.F.Wu y.S.Wu S.Q.Xi J.Xia G.M.Xiang D.X.Xiao G.Xiao y.l.Xin y.Xing D.R.Xiong Z.Xiong D.l.Xu R.F.Xu R.X.Xu W.l.Xu l.Xue D.H.yan J.Z.yan T.yan C.W.yang C.y.yang F.yang F.F.yang l.l.yang M.J.yang R.Z.yang W.X.yang y.H.yao Z.G.yao l.Q.yin N.yin X.H.you Z.y.you y.H Southwest Jiaotong University School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing University Center for Astrophysics Guangzhou University Tsung-Dao lee Institute & School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University Institute for Nuclear Research of Russian Academy of Sciences Hebei Normal University University of Science and Technology of China lHAASO Collaboration State Key laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics Key laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy & Key laboratory of Radio Astronomy Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Research Center for Astronomical Computing Zhejiang laboratory Key laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physics and Astronomy Key laboratory of Particle Astrophysics & Experimental Physics Division & Computing Center yunnan University Key laboratory of Cosmic Rays (Tibet University) Ministry of Education Department of Physics The Chinese University of Hong Kong Key laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Technology National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physics and Astronomy (Zhuhai) & School of Physics (Guangzhou) & Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology (Zhuhai) Sun yat-sen University Institute of High Energy Physics Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong University APC Université Paris Cité CNRS/IN2P3 CEA/IRFU Observatoire de Paris Department of Engineering Physics & Department of Astronomy Tsinghua University School of Physics and Microelectronics Chinese Academy of Sciences Zhengzhou University yunnan Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences China Center of Advanced Science and Technology College of Physics Sichuan University School of Physics Peking University Guangxi Key laboratory for Relativistic Astrophysics School of Physical Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangxi University Department of Physics Faculty of Science Mahidol University Moscow Institute

The ultra-high-energy（UHE） gamma-ray source 1lHAASO J0007+7303u is positionally associated with the composite SNR CTA1 that is located at high Galactic latitude b ≈ 10.5°. This provides a rare opportunity to spatially resolve the component of the pulsar wind nebula（PWN） and supernova remnant（SNR） at UHE. This paper conducted a dedicated data analysis of 1lHAASO J0007+7303u using the data collected from December 2019 to July 2023. This source is well detected with significances of 21σ and 17σ at 8-100 TeV and >100 TeV, respectively. The corresponding extensions are determined to be 0.23°±0.03°and 0.17°±0.03°. The emission is proposed to originate from the relativistic electrons accelerated within the PWN of PSR J0007+7303. The energy spectrum is well described by a power-law with an exponential cutoff function dN/dE =（42.4 ± 4.1）(E/（20 TeV）)-2.31±0.11exp(-E/（110±25 TeV）) TeV-1cm-2s-1in the energy range from 8 to 300 TeV, implying a steady-state parent electron spectrum dNe/dEe∝(Ee/（100 TeV）)-3.13±0.16exp[(-Ee/（373±70 TeV）)2] at energies above ≈ 50 TeV. The cutoff energy of the electron spectrum is roughly equal to the expected current maximum energy of particles accelerated at the PWN terminal shock. Combining the X-ray and gamma-ray emission, the current space-averaged magnetic field can be limited to≈ 4.5 μG. To satisfy the multi-wavelength spectrum and the γ-ray extensions, the transport of relativistic particles within the PWN is likely dominated by the advection process under the free-expansion phase assumption.

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lHAASO detection of very-high-energy γ-ray emission surrounding PSR J0248+6021

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年

We report the detection of an extended very-high-energy(VHE) γ-ray source coincident with the location of middle-aged(62.4 kyr) pulsar PSR J0248+6021, by using the lHAASO-WCDA data of live 796 d and lHAASO-KM2A data of live 1216d. A significant excess of γ-ray induced showers is observed both by WCDA in energy bands of 1-25 Te V and KM2A in energy bands of >25 TeV with 7.3σ and 13.5σ, respectively. The best-fit position derived through WCDA data is R.A. = 42.06°± 0.12°and Dec. = 60.24°± 0.13°with an extension of 0.69°±0.15°and that of the KM2A data is R.A.= 42.29°± 0.13°and Dec. =60.38°± 0.07°with an extension of 0.37°±0.07°. No clear extended multiwavelength counterpart of this lHAASO source has been found from the radio band to the GeV band. The most plausible explanation of the VHE γ-ray emission is the inverse Compton process of highly relativistic electrons and positrons injected by the pulsar. These electrons/positrons are hypothesized to be either confined within the pulsar wind nebula or to have already escaped into the interstellar medium, forming a pulsar halo.

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Observation of the γ-ray emission from W43 with lHAASO

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年

In this paper, we report the detection of the very-high-energy (VHE, 100 Ge V100 TeV) γ-ray emissions from the direction of the young star-forming region W43, observed by the large High Altitude Air Shower Observation (lHAASO). The extended γ-ray source was detected with a significance of～16σby KM2A and～17σby WCDA, respectively. The angular extension of this γ-ray source is about 0.5 degrees, corresponding to a physical size of about 50pc. We discuss the origin of the γ-ray emission and possible cosmic ray acceleration in the W43 region using multi-wavelength data. Our findings suggest that W43 is likely another young star cluster capable of accelerating cosmic rays (CRs) to at least several hundred TeV.

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Two-plasmon-decay instability stimulated by dual laser beams in inertial confinement fusion

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2025年第1期10卷 48-56页

作者： C.-W.lian y.Ji R.yan J.li l.-F.Wang y.-K.Ding J.Zheng Department of Modern Mechanics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui 230026China Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Plasma Physics and Fusion Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing 100088China

Two-plasmon-decay instability(TPD)poses a critical target preheating risk in direct-drive inertial confinement *** this paper,TPD collectively driven by dual laser beams consisting of a normal-incidence laser beam(Beam-N)and a large-angle-incidence laser beam(Beam-l)is investigated via particle-in-cell *** is found that significant TPD growth can develop in this regime at previously unexpected low laser intensities if the intensity of Beam-l exceeds the large-angle-incidence *** beams contribute to the growth of TPD in a“seed-amplification”manner in which the absolute instability driven by Beam-l provides the seeds that are convectively amplified by Beam-N,making TPD energetically important and causing significant pump depletion and hot-electron generation.

关键词： laser pump decay

Magnetosymbiosis discovery:new perspectives in magnetotaxis research

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Journal of Oceanology and limnology 2025年第1期43卷 177-186页

作者： Caroline l.MONTEIl Christopher T.lEFEVRE Aix-Marseille Université CEACNRSInstitute of Biosciences and Biotechnologies of Aix-MarseilleSaint-Paul-lez-Durance 13115France

Magnetotactic bacteria have been the only known magnetoreceptive microorganisms for *** if the existence of magnetotactic protists was suggested in 1986,this is only 30 years later that magnetotaxis was extended to the domain of Eukaryota,thanks to the characterization of magnetotactic symbiotic assemblies composed of a flagellated protist and bacteria biomineralizing magnetic *** mutualistic ectosymbiosis relies on a collective magnetotaxis coupled to a hydrogen-based *** new form of cooperation challenges our view of magnetic biomineralization in prokaryotes and magnetoreception in *** this review,we present how magnetosymbiosis was discovered and how cooperation ***,we discuss the future research and the new perspectives such discovery brought to the field of magnetotaxis.

关键词： magnetotaxis biomineralization symbiosis magnetotactic

Genome of tropical bed bug Cimex hemipterus (Cimicidae, Hemiptera) reveals tetraspanin expanded in bed bug ancestor

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INSECT SCIENCE 2025年第1期32卷 42-54页

作者： law, Sean Tsz Sum Nong, Wenyan li, Chade Chong, Tze Kiu yip, Ho yin Swale, Thomas Chiu, Siu Wai Chung, Roger yat-Nork lam, Hon-Ming Wong, Samuel y. S. Wong, Hung Hui, Jerome H. l. Chinese Univ Hong Kong Inst Environm Energy & Sustainabil State Key Lab Agrobiotechnol Sch Life SciSimon FS Li Marine Sci Lab Hong Kong Peoples R China Dovetail Genom Scotts Valley CA USA Chinese Univ Hong Kong Sch Life Sci Hong Kong Peoples R China Chinese Univ Hong Kong CUHK Inst Hlth Equ Sch Publ Hlth & Primary Care Hong Kong Peoples R China Chinese Univ Hong Kong Inst Environm Energy & Sustainabil Sch Life Sci State Key Lab Agrobiotechnol Hong Kong Peoples R China Chinese Univ Hong Kong CUHK Inst Hlth Equ Inst Environm Energy & Sustainabil Dept Social Work Hong Kong Peoples R China

Cimex species are ectoparasites that exclusively feed on warm-blooded animals such as birds and mammals. Three cimicid species are known to be persistent pests for humans, including the tropical bed bug Cimex hemipterus, common bed bug Cimex lectularius, and Eastern bat bug leptocimex boueti. To date, genomic information is restricted to the common bed bug C. lectularius, which limits understanding their biology and to provide controls of bed bug infestations. Here, a chromosomal-level genome assembly of C. hemipterus (495 Mb [megabase pairs]) contained on 16 pseudochromosomes (scaffold N50 = 34 Mb), together with 9 messenger RNA and small RNA transcriptomes were obtained. In comparison between hemipteran genomes, we found that the tetraspanin superfamily was expanded in the Cimex ancestor. This study provides the first genome assembly for the tropical bed bug C. hemipterus, and offers an unprecedented opportunity to address questions relating to bed bug infestations, as well as genomic evolution to hemipterans more widely.

关键词： bedbug genome microRNA sesquiterpenoid tetraspanin