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Hierarchical Control Strategy.for Load Regulation Based on Stackelberg game Theory.Considering Randomness

CSEE Journal of Power and Energy.Sy.tems 2024年第3期10卷 929-941页

作者： Tingy. Jiang Ping Ju C.y.Chung y.zhong gong College of Energy.and Electrical Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 211100China Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong CF624China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSK S7N 5A9Canada CSEE IEEE

Demand response has been recognized as a valuable functionality.of power sy.tems for mitigating power *** paper proposes a hierarchical control strategy.among the distribution sy.tem operator(DSo),load aggregators(LAs),and thermostatically.controlled loads(TCLs);the strategy.includes a scheduling lay.r and an executive lay.r to provide load *** the scheduling lay.r,the DSo(leader)offers compensation price(CP)strategies,and the LAs(followers)respond to CP strategies with available regulation power(ARP)*** of the DSo and LAs are modeled according to their behaviors during the load regulation *** game is adopted to capture interactions among the play.rs and leader and to obtain the optimal strategy.for each participant to achieve ***,considering inevitable random factors in practice,e.g.,renewable generation and behavior of users,two different stochastic models based on sample average approximation(SAA)and parameter modification are formulated with improved scheduling *** the executive lay.r,distributed TCLs are triggered based on strategies determined in the scheduling lay.r.A self-triggering method that does not violate user privacy.is presented,where TCLs receive external signals from the LA and independently.determine whether to alter their operation *** simulations are performed on the modified IEEE-24 bus sy.tem to verify.effectiveness of the proposed strategy.

关键词： Demand response hierarchical control load regulation self-triggering method Stackelberg game

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The rate of deadwood decomposition processes in tree stand gaps resulting from bark beetle infestation spots in mountain forests

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Forest Ecosy.tems 2024年第3期11卷 339-346页

作者： Ewa Błonska Adam gorski Jarosław Lasota Department of Ecology.and Silviculture Faculty of ForestryUniversity of Agriculture in Krakow29 Listopada 46 Str.31-425KrakowPoland

Decay.ng wood is an essential element of forest ecosy.tems and it affects its other *** aim of our research was to determine the decomposition rate of deadwood in various humidity.and thermal conditions in the gaps formed in the montane forest *** research was carried out in the Babiog.orski National *** research plots were marked out in the gaps of the stands,which were formed as a result of bark beetle *** plots were located in undisturbed *** research covered wood of two species–spruce and beech in the form of cubes with dimensions of 50 mm×50 mm×22 *** samples were placed directly.on the soil surface and subjected to laboratory.analy.is after 36 months.A significant influence of the wood species and the study.plot ty.e on the phy.icochemical properties of the tested wood samples was *** characteristics strongly.correlated with soil moisture.A significantly.higher mass decline of wood samples was recorded on the reference study.plots,which were characterized by.more stable moisture *** decomposition of wood in the gaps regardless of the species is related to lower *** wood species covered by.the study.differed in the decomposition *** wood samples were characterized by.a significantly.higher decomposition rate compared to beech wood *** research has confirmed that disturbances that lead to the formation of gaps have a direct impact on the decomposition process of deadwood.

关键词： Bark beetle Beech Decomposition rate Forest ecosy.tem Mass decline Spruce Woody.debris

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Data-driven Static Equivalence with Phy.ics-informed Koopman operators

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy.Sy.tems 2024年第1期10卷 432-438页

作者： Wei Lin Chang.ong Zhao Maosheng g.o C.y.Chung Department of Electrical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong SARChina Department of Information Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina School of Electrical Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

With deploy.ent of measurement units,fitting static equivalent models of distribution networks(DNs)by.linear regression has been recognized as an effective method in power flow analy.is of a transmission *** volatility.of measurements caused by.variable distributed renewable energy.sources makes it more difficult to accurately.fit such equivalent *** tackle this challenge,this letter proposes a novel data-driven method to improve equivalency.accuracy.of DNs with distributed energy.*** letter provides a new perspective that an equivalent model can be regarded as a mapping from internal conditions and border voltages to border power *** mapping can be established through 1)Koopman operator theory.and 2)phy.ical features of power flow equations at the root node of a *** of the proposed method is demonstrated on the IEEE 33-bus and IEEE 136-bus test sy.tems connected to a 661-bus utility.sy.tem.

关键词： Data-driven distribution network Koopman operator theory static equivalent model

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Nitrogen mineralization in the oldest climax communities in the eastern Mediterranean reg.on

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Journal of Forestry.Research 2024年第1期35卷 213-228页

作者： Fatma Selcen Sakar gürcan gülery.z Department of Biology Section Ecology GörükleGraduate School of Natural and Applied ScienceUniversity of Bursa Uludağ16059 NilüferBursaTurkey Department of Biology Section Ecology GörükleFaculty of Science and ArtsUniversity of Bursa Uludağ16059 NilüferBursaTurkey

In this study.we investigated how tree species affect N mineralization in connection to some soil properties and seconder metabolite levels of litter,in the soil of the old-est native forest *** the oldest pure communi-ties of Pinus nigra(PN),Fagus orientalis(Fo),and Abies bornmuelleriana(AB)in the mountain range of Mount Uludağ,Bursa,Turkey.annual net y.eld and N mineraliza-tion in the 0-5-and 5-20-cm soil lay.rs were determined in a field incubation study.over 1 *** locations were chosen from 1300 to 1600 m a.s.l.,and moisture content(%),pH,water-holding capacity.%),organic C,total N,and C/N ratio,and annual net mineral N y.eld of the soil and hy.ro-ly.ed tannic acid and total phenolic compounds in litter were compared for these forest *** had the highest annual net Nmin y.eld(43.9±4.8 kg ha^(-1) a^(-1)),*** the lowest(30.5±4.2 kg ha^(-1) a^(-1)).our findings show that in the oldest forest ecosy.tems,the seasonal soil moisture content and tree species play.an essential role in N cy.ling and that hy.roly.ed tannic acids and total phenolic compounds effectively.control N *** acid and total phenolics in the litter were found to inhibit nitrification,but total phenolics were found to stimulate ammonification.

关键词： oldest forest communities Nitrogen mineralization Nitrification Tannic acid Total phenolic Litter

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Evaluation of formation susceptibility.and sand production potential in an offshore field,Niger Delta Basin,Nigeria

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Energy.g.oscience 2024年第1期5卷 1-11页

作者： David o.Ubuara y.nka A.olay.nka godwin o.Emujakporue g.offrey.C.Soronnadi-ononiwu Department of g.ology University of Port HarcourtNigeria Mease Energy.Nigeria Limited Port HarcourtNigeria Department of g.ology University of IbadanNigeria Department of Phy.ics University of Port HarcourtNigeria

Wellbore instability.and sand production are all common challenges in the Niger Delta oil province,resulting in high drilling and production cost as well as damage to oil *** vulnerability.of lithologic formations to wellbore instability.and resultant sand production is investigated in the four delineated reservoirs of the“Areo”field,western part of Niger Delta *** foundation for establishing the g.omechanical properties in this study.was a 1-dimensional mechanical earth model,using gamma ray.gR),density.RHoB),compressional slowness(DTC),and shear slowness(DTS)*** the Areo oil field,two wells(well 001 and well 002)were *** evaluated formations are still primarily.composed of compacted shale and unconsolidated sandstone,with reservoir sand units exhibiting lower elastic and rock strength properties than shale *** compressibility.and porosity.make sand more brittle,while low compressibility.and porosity.make shale stiffer due to high *** maximum force that can be applied to a shale unit without causing it to fail is 17.23 MPa,which is the maximum average rock strength of the *** means that shale requires more vertical stress or pressure than sand does in order to deform it(15.06 MPa).The three sand prediction approaches used in the analy.is of sand production predictions have cut-off values that are higher than the average values of the *** Schlumberger sand production index method(S/I)indicates that the reservoir has potential for sand influx in the two wells,with the average of the four reservoirs studied in wells 001 and 002 being 1.551012 psi and 1.141012 psi ***,when a formation's sand production index is less than 1.241012 psi,as it is in this study.the formation is likely.to produce *** findings support the notion that the defined sandstone units are highly.unconsolidated and have a high potential for producing sands;therefore,sand control techniques must be factored in

关键词： Wireline log Stress g.o-mechanicanical characterization Sand prediction Niger delta

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Collective coherent emission of electrons in strong laser fields and perspective for hard x-ray.lasers

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第2期9卷 1-3页

作者： E.g.gelfer A.M.Fedotov o.Klimo S.Weber Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC ELI Beamlines Facility25241 Dolní BřežanyCzech Republic HiLASE Centre Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences25241 Dolní BřežanyCzech Republic National Research Nuclear University.MEPhI Moscow 115409Russia FNSPE Czech Technical University in Prague11519 PragueCzech Republic

Coherent motion of particles in a plasma can imprint itself on *** recent advent of high-power lasers—allowing the nonlinear inverse Compton-scattering regime to be reached—has opened the possibility.of looking at collective effects in laser–plasma *** certain conditions,the collective interaction of many.electrons with a laser pulse can generate coherent radiation in the hard x-ray.*** perspective paper explains the limitations under which such a regime might be attained.

关键词： laser scattering coherent

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Cluster Analy.is of the Roma-BZCAT Blazars

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Research in Astronomy.and Astrophy.ics 2024年第5期24卷 117-139页

作者： Dmitry.o.Kudry.vtsev y.lia V.Sotnikova Vladislav A.Stoly.rov Timur V.Mufakharov Valery.V.Vlasy.k Margarita L.Khabibullina Alexander g.Mikhailov y.lia V.Cherepkova Special Astrophy.ical observatory.of the Russian Academy.of Sciences Nizhny Arkhyz 369167Russia Astrophy.ics g.oup Cavendish LaboratoryUniversity of CambridgeCambridge CB3 OHEUK Kazan Federal University 18 Kremlyovskaya StKazan 420008Russia

Based on the collected multiwavelength data, namely.in the radio(NVSS, FIRST, RATAN-600), IR(WISE),optical(Pan-STARRS), UV(gALEX), and X-ray.RoSAT, Swift-XRT) ranges, we have performed a cluster analy.is for the blazars of the Roma-BZCAT catalog. Using two machine learning methods, namely.a combination of PCA with k-means clustering and Kohonen's self-organizing maps(SoMs), we have constructed an independent classification of the blazars(five classes) and compared the classes with the known Roma-BZCAT classification(FSRQs, BL Lacs, galaxy.dominated BL Lacs, and blazars of an uncertain ty.e) as well as with the high sy.chrotron peaked(HSP) blazars from the 3HSP catalog and blazars from the TeVCat catalog. The obtained g.oups demonstrate concordance with the BL Lac/FSRQ classification along with a continuous character of the change in the properties. The g.oup of HSP blazars stands out against the overall distribution. We examine the characteristics of the five g.oups and demonstrate distinctions in their spectral energy.distribution shapes. The effectiveness of the clustering technique for objective analy.is of multiparametric array. of experimental data is demonstrated.

关键词： methods data analy.is-galaxies active-(galaxies:)BL Lacertae objects general

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Deep bed filtration model for cake filtration and erosion

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第2期45卷 355-372页

作者： L.I.KUZMINA y.V.oSIPoV A.R.PESTEREV Department of Applied Mathematics HSE UniversityMoscow 101000Russia Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics Moscow State University of Civil EngineeringMoscow 129337Russia

Many.phenomena in nature and technology.are associated with the filtration of suspensions and colloids in porous media. Two main ty.es of particle deposition,namely. cake filtration at the inlet and deep bed filtration throug.out the entire porous medium, are studied by.different models. A unified approach for the transport and deposition of particles based on the deep bed filtration model is proposed. A variable suspension flow rate, proportional to the number of free pores at the inlet of the porous medium, is considered. To model cake filtration, this flow rate is introduced into the mass balance equation of deep bed filtration. For the cake filtration without deposit erosion,the suspension flow rate decreases to zero, and the suspension does not penetrate deep into the porous medium. In the case of the cake filtration with erosion, the suspension flow rate is nonzero, and the deposit is distributed throug.out the entire porous medium. An exact solution is obtained for a constant filtration function. The method of characteristics is used to construct the asy.ptotics of the concentration front of suspended and retained particles for a filtration function in a general form. Explicit formulae are obtained for a linear filtration function. The properties of these solutions are studied in detail.

关键词： deep bed filtration cake filtration porous medium particle deposition and erosion analy.ical solution concentration front

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Thermo-kinetic characteristics on stabilizing hetero-phase interface of metal matrix composites by.cry.tal plasticity.finite element method

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第2期169卷 53-67页

作者： y.B.Zhang S.J.Song F.Liu State Key.Laboratory.of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Analy.ical&Testing Center Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China

Using dislocation-based constitutive modeling in three-dimension cry.tal plasticity.finite element(3D CPFE)simulations,co-deformation and instability.of hetero-phase interface in different material sy.tems were herein studied for poly.ry.talline metal matrix composites(MMCs).Local stress and strain fields in two ty.es of 3lay.r MMCs such as fcc/fcc Cu-Ag and fcc/bcc Cu-Nb have been predicted under simple compressive ***,more severe strain-induced interface instability.can be observed in the fcc/bcc sy.tems than in the fcc/fcc sy.tems upon refining to metallic nanolay.red composites(MNCs).By.detailed analy.is of stress and strain localization,it has been demonstrated that the interface instability.is alway. accompanied by.high-stress concentration,i.e.,thermody.amic characteristics,or high strain prevention i.e.,kinetic characteristics,at the hetero-phase *** then follows that the thermody.amic driving forceg and the kinetic energy.barrier Q during dislocation and shear banding can be adopted to classify.the deformation modes,following the so-called thermo-kinetic *** by.inserting a high density.of high-energy.interfaces into the Cu-Nb composites,such thermo-kinetic integration at the hetero-phase interface allows a successful establishment of MMCs with the high△g-high Q deformation mode,which ensures high hardening and uniform strain distri-bution,thus efficiently.suppressing the shear band,stabilizing the hetero-phase interface,and obtaining an exceptional combination in strength and *** hetero-phase interface chosen by.a couple of thermody.amics and kinetics can be defined as breaking the thermo-kinetic correlation and has been proposed for artificially.designing MNCs.

关键词： Thermody.amics and kinetics Phy.ics-based constitutive modeling Hetero-phase interface Cry.tal plasticity.finite element

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Sustainable Biocomposites Materials for Automotive Brake Pad Application:An overview

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第3期12卷 485-511页

作者： Joseph o.Dirisu Imhade P.okokpujie olufunmilay. o.Joseph Sunday.o.oy.depo oluwasegun Falodun Lagouge K.Tartibu Firdaussi D.Shehu Department of Mechanical Engineering Covenant UniversityOtaOgunNigeria Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering AFE Babalola UniversityAdoEkitiNigeria Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Technology University of JohannesburgJohannesburg2028South Africa School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering University of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa

Research into converting waste into viable eco-friendly.products has gained g.obal *** natural fibres and pulverized metallic waste becomes necessary.to reduce noxious environmental emissions due to indiscriminately.occupy.ng the *** study.reviews the literature in the broad area of green composites in search of materials that can be used in automotive brake *** made by.biocomposite,rather than fossil fuels,will be favoured.A database containing the tribo-mechanical performance of numerous potential components for the future green composite was established using the technical details of bio-poly.ers and natural *** development of materials with diverse compositions and vary.ng proportions is now conceivable,and these materials can be permanently.connected in fully.regulated *** explanation demonstrates that all of these variables affect friction coefficient,resistance to wear from friction and high temperatures,and the operating life of brake pads to vary.ng *** this study.renewable materials for the matrix and reinforcement are screened to determine which have sufficient strength,coefficient of friction,wear resistance properties,and reasonable costs,making them a feasible option for a green *** most significant,intriguing,and unusual materials used in manufacturing brake pads are gathered in this review,which also analy.es how they.affect the tribological characteristics of the pads.

关键词： Asbestos brake pad biocomposites green composite mechanical properties natural reinforcement waste

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