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“y.n-y.ng philosophy. for the design of anticancer drug delivery.nanoparticles

Biomaterials Translational 2024年第2期5卷 144-156页

作者： Ai y. Tian y. Qiao J. Wang C. Li H. School of Lifesciences Shanghai University Shanghai China

Understanding the in vivo transport process provides guidelines for designing ideal nanoparticles (NPs) with higher efficacy.and fewer off-target effects. Many.factors, such as particle size, morphology. surface potential, structural stability. and etc., may.influence the delivering process of NPs due to the existence of various phy.iological barriers within the body. Herein, we summarise the distinct influences of NP phy.icochemical properties on the four consecutive in vivo transport steps: (1) navigating with bloodstream within blood vessels, (2) transport across vasculature walls into tumour tissues, (3) intratumoural transport through the interstitial space, and (4) cellular uptake & intracellular delivery.by.cancerous cells. We found that the philosophy.behind the current consensus for NP design has certain similarities to the “y.n-y.ng” theory.in traditional Chinese culture. Almost all phy.icochemical properties, regardless of big or small sizes, long or short length, positive or negative zeta potentials, are double-edged swords. The balance of potential benefits and side effects, drug selectivity.and accessibility.should be fully.considered when optimising particle design, similar to the “y.n-y.ng harmony.. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the advancements in NPs research, focusing on their distinct features in tumour targeting, drug delivery. and cell uptake. Additionally. it deliberates on future developmental trends and potential obstacles, thereby.aiming to uncover the way. these characteristics influence the NPs’ biological activity.and provide theoretical guidance for the targeted delivery.of NPs. © 2024, Chinese Medical Multimedia Press Co Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： in vivo drug delivery nanoparticle design on-demand drug release targeting strategy “y.n-y.ng harmony.

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Factors influencing farmers' adoption of solar water-pumping sy.tems in Gujarat

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CLEAN ENERGy 2024年第3期8卷 157-165页

作者： Kumar, M. Sathish Lad, y. A. Pundir, R. S. Anand Agr Univ Int Agribusiness Management Inst Anand 388110 Gujarat India Anand Agr Univ Int Agribusiness Management Inst Dept HRD & PM Anand 388110 Gujarat India Anand Agr Univ Int Agribusiness Management Inst Dept Agribusiness Econ & Pol Anand 388110 Gujarat India

Agriculture has play.d an important role in the growth of the Indian economy. Water and electricity.are essential inputs for agriculture today. India produces the third-largest amount of electricity.in the world, behind China and the USA. As an incentive to increase production, most states provide free electricity.to farmers. Free electricity.has decreased groundwater levels and increased electricity.consumption. The objective of this study.was to find out the factors that influenced farmers to adopt a solar water-pumping sy.tem in Gujarat. The samples were randomly.selected. This study.examined the entire state of Gujarat. One hundred and fifty.farmers who adopted solar water-pumping sy.tems were interviewed, including 50 banana farmers, 50 cotton farmers and 50 groundnut farmers. Primary.data were collected through an interview. The adoption of solar water-pumping sy.tems by.farmers was identified using factor analy.is. SPSS software was used to analy.e the data collected. In this study. only.two factors contributed to the variance of 59.469%. The adoption of solar water pumps by.farmers was influenced by.government policy.and economic benefits. An economic benefit variance of 33.20% was found, while a government policy.variance was 26.27%. A solar water-pumping sy.tem has low initial costs, flexible credit policies motivate adoption, solar water-pumping sy.tems can save electricity. and maintenance and repair costs are affordable. Government policy.that includes solar water-pumping sy.tems is motivated by.awareness, subsidies for adoption and a fair price to sell energy.surpluses. Farmers are recommended to adopt a solar water-pumping sy.tem in conjunction with a drip irrigation sy.tem to receive additional income. The successful scheme will be recommended to other states in India for implementation. The factors that influence farmers to adopt a solar water-pumping sy.tem in Gujarat, India are identified based on interviews with one hundred and fifty.randomly.sel

关键词： solar water-pumping sy.tem factor analy.is banana cotton groundnut famers PURCHASE INTENTION ENERGy AREAS

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Rivaroxaban’s vascular dose for the neurovascular clinician

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中华神经外科杂志(英文) 2024年第3期10卷 1-3页

作者： Chong Ji y. Jan Kalimullah Stroke Center New York Medical College Westchester Medical Center Valhalla NY USA Neurovascular Fellow New York Medical College Westchester Medical Center Valhalla NY USA

Rivaroxaban, a direct oral anticoagulant, has proven efficacy.and safety.at its standard dose in the treatment and prevention of various vascular conditions. These include the treatment of venous thromboembolism and stroke prevention in non-valvular atrial fibrillation. A "very.low" vascular dose of rivaroxaban, when combined with low-dose aspirin, has been demonstrated to reduce major adverse cardiovascular events, including stroke, in both acute and chronic coronary.sy.drome. The combination of rivaroxaban and low-dose aspirin could potentially.offer an additional strategy.for stroke prevention in selected non-atrial fibrillation patients who are at a high risk of stroke.

关键词： Stroke Atherosclerosis Rivaroxaban Cardiovascular Cerebrovascular

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Food poisoning due to money.tree seeds: A case report of toxic encephalopathy

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Emergency.and Critical Care Medicine 2024年第3期4卷 126-129页

作者： Zhao y. Quan X. Wang T. Department of Emergency.Medicine Hainan Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital Sanya Hainan China The Center of Heat Stroke Prevention and Treatment of Peoples' Liberation Army Sanya Hainan China

Background The money.tree is a favored indoor potted plant in China. Its seeds resemble chestnuts in both shape and flavor when cooked, which are generally.considered non-Toxic and safe for consumption. Case presentation This report presents the first published case of food poisoning due to the ingestion of large amounts of money.tree seeds. A 67-y.ar-old man exhibited toxic encephalopathy.sy.ptoms and dy.pnea after consuming the seeds for approximately.6 months. After empirical mechanical ventilation, therapeutic plasma exchange, and other medical interventions, the patient's clinical status improved significantly. He was subsequently.discharged from the hospital. Conclusion Consuming a substantial quantity.of money.tree seeds within a limited timeframe can lead to poisoning, resulting in adverse outcomes, particularly.toxic encephalopathy. Moreover, plasma exchange may.have some therapeutic effect. © Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Case report Money.tree Pachira macrocarpa Respiratory.failure Toxic encephalopathy

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Decellularised extracellular matrix-based injectable hy.rogels for tissue engineering applications

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Biomaterials Translational 2024年第2期5卷 114-128页

作者： Guo W.-y. Wang W.-H. Xu P.-y. Kankala R.K. Chen A.-Z. Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Huaqiao University Fujian Province Xiamen China Fujian Provincial Key.Laboratory.of Biochemical Technology.(Huaqiao University. Fujian Province Xiamen China

Decellularised extracellular matrix (dECM) is a biomaterial derived from natural tissues that has attracted considerable attention from tissue engineering researchers due to its exceptional biocompatibility.and malleability.attributes. These advantageous properties often facilitate natural cell infiltration and tissue reconstruction for regenerative medicine. Due to their excellent fluidity. the injectable hy.rogels can be administered in a liquid state and subsequently.formed into a gel state in vivo, stabilising the target area and serving in a variety.of way., such as support, repair, and drug release functions. Thus, dECM-based injectable hy.rogels have broad prospects for application in complex organ structures and various tissue injury.models. This review focuses on exploring research advances in dECM-based injectable hy.rogels, primarily.focusing on the applications and prospects of dECM hy.rogels in tissue engineering. Initially. the recent developments of the dECM-based injectable hy.rogels are explained, summarising the different preparation methods with the evaluation of injectable hy.rogel properties. Furthermore, some specific examples of the applicability.of dECM-based injectable hy.rogels are presented. Finally. we summarise the article with interesting prospects and challenges of dECM-based injectable hy.rogels, providing insights into the development of these composites in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. © 2024, Chinese Medical Multimedia Press Co Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： decellularisation methods decellularised extracellular matrix injectable hy.rogels tissue engineering

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Artificial-intelligent-powered safety.and efficiency.improvement for controlling and scheduling in integrated railway.sy.tems

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High-speed Railway 2024年第3期2卷 172-179页

作者： Liu J. Liu G. Wang y. Zhang W. Beijing National Railway.Research & Design Institute of Signal & Communication Group Co. Ltd Beijing 100070 China Engineering Research Center of Railway.Industry.of Intelligent and Autonomous Train Control Beijing 100070 China

The multi-mode integrated railway.sy.tem, anchored by.the high-speed railway. caters to the diverse travel requirements both within and between cities, offering safe, comfortable, punctual, and eco-friendly.transportation services. With the expansion of the railway.networks, enhancing the efficiency.and safety.of the comprehensive sy.tem has become a crucial issue in the advanced development of railway.transportation. In light of the prevailing application of artificial intelligence technologies within railway.sy.tems, this study.leverages large model technology.characterized by.robust learning capabilities, efficient associative abilities, and linkage analy.is to propose an Artificial-intelligent (AI)-powered railway.control and dispatching sy.tem. This sy.tem is elaborately.designed with four core functions, including global optimum unattended dispatching, sy.ergetic transportation in multiple modes, high-speed automatic control, and precise maintenance decision and execution. The deploy.ent pathway.and essential tasks of the sy.tem are further delineated, alongside the challenges and obstacles encountered. The AI-powered sy.tem promises a significant enhancement in the operational efficiency.and safety.of the composite railway.sy.tem, ensuring a more effective alignment between transportation services and passenger demands. © 2024 Beijing Jiaotong University

关键词： Artificial intelligence High-speed railway Large-scale mode, sy.tem framework Multi-mode railway.sy.tem Safety.and efficiency.improvement

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JR East aims for driverless Shinkansen operation

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High-speed Railway 2024年第3期2卷 197-201页

作者： Suzuki y. Mobility.Service Department Railway Business Headquarters East Japan Railway Company Shibuya-ku Tokyo 151-8578 Japan

East Japan Railway.Company.(JR East) is aiming to “realize driverless train operation” as one of the key.measures to respond to rapid changes in the business environment. Currently. Automatic Train Operation (ATO) equipment is not installed on the Shinkansen, but there are plans to introduce ATO or driverless operation in the near future. From 2018–2021, the Ministry.of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT) held the “ATO Technology.Study.Group for Railway.” in which the concept of technical requirements necessary.for driverless operation was discussed. In 2021, JR East conducted the GOA4 demonstration test on the Joetsu Shinkansen. In this test, we were able to confirm the basic functions of Shinkansen vehicles such as automatic departure control, speed control, fixed position stop control, and remote stop control using ATO. We aim to realize unattended operation (GOA4) for deadhead trains between Niigata Station and the Niigata Shinkansen Rolling Stock Center by.the end of the 2020 s, and driverless operation (GOA3) for passenger trains of the Joetsu Shinkansen by.the mid-2030s and continue to develop the necessary.technologies and build sy.tems. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： ATO Automatic train operation Driverless operation GOA3 High-speed railway Shinkansen

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结核病控制中病人管理评估:纽约市改善病例管理工作的3年实践

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国际结核病与肺部疾病杂志 2008年第1期3卷 23-28页

作者： C-C. N. Udeagu M. S. Dorsinville S. S. Munsiff y. vilnyanskaya I. Wang 夏辉（译）刘宇红（校）王雪静（审） New y.rk City.Department of Health and Mental Hy.iene New York New York Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta Georgia USA 不详

目的:描述纽约市结核病控制局(BTBC)的工作人员经过3年努力,探索与病人管理(CM)中存在的不足的相关因素,并改善CM的实施。设计:评估2003年第2季度报告的TB病例的管理情况,并与2002年进行的类似评估进行比较。在需要改进的目标领域实施... 详细信息

目的:描述纽约市结核病控制局(BTBC)的工作人员经过3年努力,探索与病人管理(CM)中存在的不足的相关因素,并改善CM的实施。设计:评估2003年第2季度报告的TB病例的管理情况,并与2002年进行的类似评估进行比较。在需要改进的目标领域实施相应的策略,并找出有助于改进工作的干预措施。结果:从2002年至2003年,病例管理的某些指标有了很大提高,如对病人进行直接面视下治疗重要性(32%vs.74%)、每月随访重要性(24% vs.51%)和发展为耐药的潜在可能性的宣教(36%vs.61%)。告知病人获得BTBC所提供的医疗服务的指标也提高了(16%vs.59%);然而, CM活动的文件记录、及时性以及督导活动的实施仍然较差。督导员们把主要原因归咎于对实际开展工作的不完善文件记录。结论:通过评估,发现了病人管理以及规划督导中的不足。这些发现将用于调整工作计划、制定有针对性的干预措施、加强教育和培训,以改进工作实施。

关键词：结核病例管理规划评估病人管理

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Exosome-loaded biomaterials for tendon/ ligament repair

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Biomaterials Translational 2024年第2期5卷 129-143页

作者： Wang H. Guo y. Jiang y. Ge y. Shi D. Zhang G. Zhao J. Kang y. Wang L. Shanghai Jiao Tong University.School of Medicine Shanghai China School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China Department of Orthopaedics Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China

Exosomes, a specialised ty.e of extracellular vesicle, have attracted significant attention in the realm of tendon/ligament repair as a potential biologic therapeutic tool. While the competence of key.substances responsible for the delivery.function was gradually.elucidated, series of shortcomings exemplified by.the limited stability.still need to be improved. Therefore, how to take maximum advantage of the biological characteristics of exosomes is of great importance. Recently. the comprehensive exploration and application of biomedical engineering has improved the availability.of exosomes and revealed the future direction of exosomes combined with biomaterials. This review delves into the present application of biomaterials such as nanomaterials, hy.rogels, and electrospun scaffolds, serving as the carriers of exosomes in tendon/ligament repair. By.pinpointing and exploring their strengths and limitations, it offers valuable insights, paving the way.the future direction of biomaterials in the application of exosomes in tendon/ ligament repair in this field. © 2024, Chinese Medical Multimedia Press Co Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： biomaterials electrospinning exosomes hy.rogel microspheres hy.rogels nanoparticles

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MAVEN observation of magnetosonic waves in the Martian magnetotail region

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Earth and Planetary.Phy.ics 2024年第2期8卷 317-325页

作者： ShangChun Teng JiCheng Sun JiaWei Gao y.Harada Markus Fraenz DeSheng Han State Key.Laboratory.of Marine Geology School of Ocean and Earth ScienceTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China MNR Key.Laboratory.for Polar Science Polar Research Institute of ChinaShanghai 200136China Key.Laboratory.of Earth and Planetary.Phy.ics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary.Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Geophy.ics Kyoto UniversityKyotoJapan Max-Planck-Institute for Solar Sy.tem Research GoettingenGermany

Magnetosonic waves are an important medium for energy.transfer in collisionless space *** waves have been widely.investigated in the upstream of the bow shock at *** waves are believed to originate from pickup ions or reflected *** utilizing MAVEN spacecraft data,we have observed the occurrence of quasi-perpendicularly.propagating magnetosonic emissions near the proton gy.ofrequency.in the Martian magnetotail *** plasma waves are associated with a significant enhancement of proton and oxy.en *** excited magnetosonic waves could possibly.heat the protons through resonance and facilitate the ionospheric plasma *** results could be helpful to better understand the Mars’magnetospheric dy.amics and offer insights into possible energy.redistribution between waves and plasma in the Martian nightside magnetosphere.

关键词： Martian magnetotail region magnetosonic waves proton escape

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