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Unification of Gravitational and Strong Interaction Fields Using Partial Gauge Sy.metry

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Journal of High Energy.Phy.ics, Gravitation and Cosmology 2024年第2期10卷 515-533页

作者： y.ung Hwan y.n Kiho jang Zero Theoretical Phy.ics Lab Seoul Republic of Korea

We propose the new field potential by.maintaining both the sy.metry.of the scalar gauge and the conservation law keeping N?ether’s theorem, while disregarding the sy.metry.of the vector gauge. The new potential forms like the well-ty.e potential where a particle behaves almost freely.but is very.hard to escape without external energy. which can be interpreted as local confinement and asy.ptotic freedom. By.assuming a 2-dimensional metric tensor in 4-dimensional space-time, we suggest the existence of 3 kinds of particles that resemble QCD with 3 color charges. We also show that the mass term exists but comes to zero and derive the charge and spin values. We can regard the particle with this new potential as a gluon, and the interaction in this well-ty.e potential as a strong interaction for the properties of mass, charge, spin, and its behavior. We suggest the eight-fold way.with this new particle, which is similar to the existing method based on SU (3) sy.metry. Even though the strong interaction has been analy.ed in the standard model and string theory. we build a new consistent model based on the theory.of relativity.including Riemann geometry. and show the unification of gravitational and strong interactional field.

关键词： Strong Interaction Gauge Sy.metry Relativity QCD Confinement Asy.ptotic Freedom

Medical and surgical approach to ocular surface reconstruction

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Annals of Ey. Science 2024年第1期9卷 43-59页

作者： Daniella Lent-Schochet Asim Dhungana Inae jang Kim Hassan Shah Asim V.Farooq Department of Ophthalmology.and Visual Science University of ChicagoChicagoILUSA

Ocular surface disease(OSD)can have a severe impact on patients as it can lead to visual impairment and persistent *** surface reconstruction(OSR)is an approach to the management of ocular diseases that cause structural damage to the ocular *** encompasses both medical and surgical treatment *** this review,we discuss the medical and surgical strategies used in *** management often aims to treat tear insufficiency.inflammation,and *** treatments may.be employ.d for a variety.of reasons,including failure of medical *** may.include improving the oculo-palpebral structures in order to improve lid positioning and tear *** therapies focus on improving tear production,such as through salivary.gland *** situations where the ocular surface is so severely.damaged that there is loss of limbal stem cells,limbal stem cell transplant(LSCT)may.be *** surgeries such as amniotic membrane transplant(AMT)and conjunctival flaps(CFs)can help promote corneal ***,in severe situations where the cornea is bey.nd salvage,corneal transplantation,such as a penetrating keratoplasty.PKP),can be *** often requires a combination of medical and surgical approaches targeted to each specific patient’s presentation in order to achieve optimal outcomes.

关键词： Ocular surface reconstruction(OSR) ocular surface disease(OSD) amniotic membrane transplant(AMT) limbal stem cell transplant(LSCT) ey.lid reconstruction

Unravelling the role of the combined effect of metallic charge transfer channel and SiO_(x) overlay.r in the Zr/Si-Fe_(2)O_(3):Au:SiO_(x) nanorod array. to boost photoelectrochemical water splitting

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Journal of Energy.Chemistry 2024年第3期90卷 370-379,I0009页

作者： Tae Sik Koh Periy.samy.Anushkkaran Love Kumar Dhandole Mahadeo A.Mahadik Weon-Sik Chae Hy.n Hwi Lee Sun Hee Choi Jum Suk jang Division of Biotechnology SafetyEnvironment and Life Science InstituteCollege of Environmental and Bioresource SciencesJeonbuk National UniversityIksan 54896Republic of Korea Department of Integrative Environmental Biotechnology College of Environmental and Bioresource SciencesJeonbuk National UniversityIksan 54596Republic of Korea Extreme Materials Research Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)Seoul 02792Republic of Korea Daegu Center Korea Basic Science InstituteDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Pohang Accelerator Laboratory Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea

Hematite(α-Fe_(2)O_(3)) based photoanodes have been extensively.studied due to various intriguing features that make them viable candidates for a photoelectrochemical(PEC) water splitting ***,we propose a Zr-doped Fe_(2)O_(3) photoanode decorated with facilely.spin-coated Au nanoparticles(NPs) and microwave-assisted attached Si co-doping in conjunction with a SiO_(x) overlay.r that display.d a remarkable photocurrent density.of 2.01 mA/cm^(2) at 1.23 V *** kinetic dy.amics at the photoelectrode/-electroly.e interface was examined by.employ.ng sy.tematic electrochemical *** Au NPs play.d a dual role in increasing PEC water ***,the Schottky.interface that was formed between Au NPs and Zr-Fe_(2)O_(3) lectrode ensured the prevention of electron flow from the photoanode to the metal,increasing the number of available charges as well as suppressing surface charge ***,Au extracted photoholes from the bulk of the Zr-Fe_(2)O_(3) and transported them to the outer SiO_(x) overlay.r,while the SiO_(x) overlay.r efficiently.collected the photoholes and promoted the hole injection into the ***,Si co-doping enhanced bulk conductivity.by.reducing bulk charge transfer resistance and improving charge carrier *** study.outlines a technique to design a metallic charge transfer path with an overlay.r for solar energy.conversion.

关键词： Hematite Microwave attachment Au nanoparticles SiO_(x) overlay.r Water splitting

Harnessing SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8^(+)T cells to kill target tumor cells for cancer immunotherapy

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Cancer Communications 2024年第1期44卷 173-177页

作者： Keunok Jung Deok-Han Ko Jeong-y.n jang y.ung Rong Kim Jung y.on Heo y.ng-Sung Kim Department of Allergy.and Clinical Immunology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonRepublic of Korea Department of Molecular Science and Technology Ajou UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea Department of Infectious Diseases Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonRepublic of Korea

Dear Editor,During the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pan-demic era,many.individuals were naturally.infected with or vaccinated against severe acute respiratory.sy.drome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),resulting in the p... 详细信息

关键词： acute respiratory immunotherapy

KoNA:Korean Nucleotide Archive as A New Data Repository.for Nucleotide Sequence Data

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2024年第1期22卷 161-167页

作者： Gunhwan Ko Jae Ho Lee y.ung Mi Sim Wangho Song By.ng-Ha y.on Iksu By.on Bang Hy.ck Lee Sang-Ok Kim Jinhy.k Choi Insoo jang Hy.rin Kim Jin Ok y.ng Kiwon jang Sora Kim Jong-Hwan Kim Jongbum Jeon Jaeeun Jung Seungwoo Hwang Ji-Hwan Park Pan-Gy. Kim Seon-y.ung Kim By.ngwook Lee Korea Bioinformation Center Korea Research Institute of Bioscience&BiotechnologyDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea

During the last decade,the generation and accumulation of petabase-scale high-throughput sequencing data have resulted in great challenges,including access to human data,as well as transfer,storage,and sharing of enormous amounts of *** promote data-driven biological research,the Korean government announced that all biological data generated from government-funded research projects should be deposited at the Korea BioData Station(K-BDS),which consists of multiple databases for individual data ***,we introduce the Korean Nucleotide Archive(KoNA),a repository.of nucleotide sequence *** of July.2022,the Korean Read Archive in KoNA has collected over 477 TB of raw next-generation sequencing data from national genome *** ensure data quality.and prepare for international alignment,a standard operating procedure was adopted,which is similar to that of the International Nucleotide Sequence Database *** standard operating procedure includes quality.control processes for submitted data and metadata using an automated pipeline,followed by.manual *** ensure fast and stable data transfer,a high-speed transmission sy.tem called GBox is used in ***,the data uploaded to or downloaded from KoNA through GBox can be readily.processed using a cloud computing service called *** seamless coupling of KoNA,GBox,and Bio-Express enhances the data experience,including submission,access,and analy.is of raw nucleotide *** not only.satisfies the unmet needs for a national sequence repository.in Korea but also provides datasets to researchers globally.and contributes to advances in *** KoNA is available at https://***/kona/.

关键词： Korea BioData Station Nucleotide sequence Next-generation sequencing repository Genomics Deposition and access of big data

Trifunctional robust electrocataly.ts based on 3D Fe/N-doped carbon nanocubes encapsulating Co4N nanoparticles for efficient battery.powered water electroly.ers

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Carbon Energy 2024年第6期6卷 124-139页

作者： Hy.ng Wook Choi Hongdae Lee Jun Lu Seok Bin Kwon Dong In Jeong Beum Jin Park Jiwon Kim Bong Ky.n Kang Gun jang Dae Ho y.on Ho Seok Park SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano Technology.SAINT) Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon-siGyeonggi-doRepublic of Korea School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon-siGyeonggi-doRepublic of Korea School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon-siGyeonggi-doRepublic of Korea Department of Electronic Materials Devicesand Equipment EngineeringSoonchunhyang UniversityAsan CityChungnamRepublic of Korea SKKU Institute of Energy.Science and Technology.SIEST) Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon-siGyeonggi-doRepublic of Korea Department of Health Sciences and Technology Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology(SAIHST)Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea

Herein,we have designed a highly.active and robust trifunctional electrocataly.t derived from Prussian blue analogs,where Co_(4)N nanoparticles are encapsulated by.Fe embedded in N-doped carbon nanocubes to sy.thesize hierarchically.structured Co_(4)N@Fe/N-C for rechargeable zinc-air batteries and overall water-splitting *** confirmed by.theoretical and experimental results,the high intrinsic oxy.en reduction reaction,oxy.en evolution reaction,and hy.rogen evolution reaction activities of Co_(4)N@Fe/N-C were attributed to the formation of the heterointerface and the modulated local electronic ***,Co_(4)N@Fe/N-C induced improvement in these trifunctional electrocataly.ic activities owing to the hierarchical hollow nanocube structure,uniform distribution of Co_(4)N,and conductive encapsulation by.Fe/***,the rechargeable zinc-air battery.with Co_(4)N@Fe/N-C delivers a high specific capacity.of 789.9 mAh g^(-1) and stable voltage profiles over 500 ***,the overall water electroly.er with Co_(4)N@Fe/N-C achieved better durability.and rate performance than that with the Pt/C and IrO2 cataly.ts,delivering a high Faradaic efficiency.of 96.4%.Along with the great potential of the integrated water electroly.er powered by.a zinc-air battery.for practical applications,therefore,the mechanistic understanding and active site identification provide valuable insights into the rational design of advanced multifunctional electrocataly.ts for energy.storage and conversion.

关键词： battery.powered electroly.ers hierarchical structure Prussian blue analog trifunctional electrocataly.t zinc-air battery

Efficient C-N coupling in electrocataly.ic urea generation on copper carbonate hy.roxide electrocataly.ts

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Journal of Energy.Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 289-298,I0008页

作者： y.nuo Wang y.an Wang Qinglan Zhao Hongming Xu Shangqian Zhu Fei y.ng Ernest P.Delmo Xiaoy. Qiu Chi Song Juhee jang Tiehuai Li Ping Gao MDanny.Gu Minhua Shao Advanced Materials Thrust The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(Guangzhou)Guangzhou 511400GuangdongChina Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongChina Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology of Chin11088 Xueyuan BoulevardShenzhen 518055GuangdongChina Energy.Institute and Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control&Treatment of Heavy Metal PollutionThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyKowloonHong KongChina Department of Chemistry City University of Hong KongTat Chee AvenueKowloonHong KongChina

Urea generation through electrochemical CO_(2) and NO_(3)~-co-reduction reaction(CO_(2)NO_(3)RR)is still limited by.either the low selectivity.or y.eld rate of ***,we report copper carbonate hy.roxide(Cu_2(OH)_2CO_(3))as an efficient CO_(2)NO_(3)RR electrocataly.t with an impressive urea Faradaic efficiency.of45.2%±2.1%and a high y.eld rate of 1564.5±145.2μg h~(-1)mg_(cat)~(-1).More importantly.H_(2) evolution is fully.inhibited on this electrocataly.t over a wide potential range between-0.3 and-0.8 V versus reversible hy.rogen *** thermody.amic simulation reveals that the first C-N coupling follows a unique pathway.on Cu_2(OH)_2CO_(3) by.combining the two intermediates,~*COOH and~**** work demonstrates that high selectivity.and y.eld rate of urea can be simultaneously.achieved on simple Cu-based electrocataly.ts in CO_(2)NO_(3)RR,and provide guidance for rational design of more advanced cataly.ts.

关键词： Copper carbonate hy.roxide Co-reduction Urea generation C-N coupling DFT calculation

Regulation of sleep by.astrocy.es in the hy.othalamic ventrolateral preoptic nucleus

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1098-1100页

作者： Jae-Hong Kim Ruqay.a Afridi Il-Sung jang Maan Gee Lee Ky.ungho Suk Brain Korea 21 four KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents School of MedicineKyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea Department of Pharmacology School of MedicineKyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea Department of Pharmacology School of DentistryKyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea Brain Science&Engineering Institute Kyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea

Astrocy.es are functionally.dy.amic cells that support neurons in multiple way. throughout an organism’s *** astrocy.ic regulation of neuronal activity.has been increasingly.recognized in recent *** are now recognized as play.ng a more complex role than mere by.tanders in the central nervous ***,their role in regulating the sleep neurocircuitry.is not well *** this perspective,we highlight the role of astrocy.es in sleep modulation,with a particular focus on regulatory.mechanisms related to the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus(VLPO)of the *** briefly.discuss recent literature reporting the role of VLPO astrocy.es in regulating sleep-associated behaviors.

关键词： sleep ventrolateral astrocy.es

Artificial optoelectronic sy.apse based on spatiotemporal irradiation to source-sharing circuitry.of sy.aptic phototransistors

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InfoMat 2024年第2期6卷 131-141页

作者： Seungho Song Changsoon Choi Jongtae Ahn Je-Jun Lee Jisu jang By.ung-Soo y. Jung Py. Hong y.ng-Sang Ry. y.ng-Hoon Kim Do Ky.ng Hwang Center for Opto-Electronic Materials and Devices Post-Silicon Semiconductor InstituteKorea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)SeoulRepublic of Korea School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea Center for Spintronics Post-Silicon Semiconductor InstituteKorea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)SeoulRepublic of Korea Division of Nanoscience&Technology KIST SchoolUniversity of Science and Technology(UST)SeoulRepublic of Korea School of Biomedical Engineering Korea UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology Korea UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea

To overcome the intrinsic inefficiency.of the von Neumann architecture,neuromorphic devices that perform analog vector–matrix multiplication have been highlighted for achieving power-and time-efficient data *** particular,artificial sy.apses,of which conductance should be programmed to represent the sy.aptic weights of the artificial neural network,have been intensively.researched to realize neuromorphic ***,inspired by.excitatory.and inhibitory.sy.apses,we develop an artificial optoelectronic sy.apse that shows both potentiation and depression characteristics triggered only.by.optical *** design of the artificial optoelectronic sy.apse,in which excitatory.and inhibitory.sy.aptic phototransistors are serially.connected,enables these characteristics by.spatiotemporally.irradiating the phototransistor channels with optical ***,a negative sy.aptic weight can be realized without the need for electronic components such as *** such attributes,the artificial optoelectronic sy.apse is demonstrated to classify.three digits with a high recognition rate(98.3%)and perform image preprocessing via analog vector-matrix multiplication.

关键词： amorphous oxide semiconductor analog processing artificial sy.apse neuromorphic optoelectronics