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Cluster sampling methodology to evaluate immunization coverage

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World Journal of Methodology 2024年第3期14卷 78-89页

作者： Aishwarya Sharma Rb Jain Jitesh Satija Aditi Sharma Avani Sharma sudhir Shekhawat Department of Community Medicine School of Medical Sciences&ResearchSharda UniversityGreater Noida 201306UPIndia Department of Community Medicine World College of Medical Sciences&ResearchJhajjar 124103HaryanaIndia Department of Community Medicine ESIC Medical College&HospitalFaridabad 121012HaryanaIndia Department of Community Medicine Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences&ResearchNew Delhi 110062India Department of Community Medicine Pt.B.D.Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical SciencesRohtak 124001HaryanaIndia Independent biostatistician Ghaziabad 201014UPIndia

bACKGROUND Immunization is a key component of primary health care and an indisputable human *** are critical to the prevention and control of infectious disease *** coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic and associated disruptions over the past two years have strained the health systems,with many children missing out on essential childhood *** To evaluate the immunization coverage among 12-23-month-old children in the rural areas of Community Health Centre(CHC)Dighal and to determine the factors influencing the existing immunization *** A coverage evaluation survey was conducted according to the 30-cluster sampling technique,which is the standard methodology for such surveys devised by World Health Organization.A total of 300 children aged 12-23 months were included,whose immunization details were noted from their immunization *** Full immunization rate was noted in 86.7%of the children,with partial and non-immunized children accounting for 9%and 4.3%*** full immunization dropout rate was 4.2%.The common reasons for partial or non-immunization were family problem including illness of mother,vaccine not being available and child being *** of birth(P=0.014)and availability of immunization card(Py was conducted in 2020/2021,health services were disrupted due to the COVID-19 *** Due to the coverage being higher than the national average,it was concluded that the immunization coverage was optimal and not affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.

关键词： Immunization coverage Children COVID 19 pandemic Vaccines Family health Routine immunization

Design concepts of an aircraft wing： composite and morphing airfoil with auxetic structures

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2016年第4期10卷 394-408页

作者： P R bUDARAPU sudhir sastry y b R NATARAJAN Department of Aerospace Engineering Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560 012 India Department of Aeronautical Engineering College of Engineering Defence University Ethiopia Department of Aeronautical Engineering Institute of Aeronautical Engineering Hyderabad India

This paper is categorized into two parts. （1） A frame work to design the aircraft wing structure and （2） analysis ofa morphing airfoil with auxetic structure. The developed design frame work in the first part is used to arrive at the sizes of the various components of an aircraft wing structure. The strength based design is adopted, where the design loads are extracted from the aerodynamic loads. The aerodynamic loads acting on a wing structure are converted to equivalent distributed loads, which are further converted point loads to arrive at the shear forces, bending and twisting moments along the wing span. based on the estimated shear forces, bending and twisting moments, the strength based design is employed to estimate the sizes of various sections of a composite wing structure. A three dimensional numerical model of the composite wing structure has been developed and analyzed for the extreme load conditions. Glass fiber reinforced plastic material is used in the numerical analysis. The estimated natural frequencies are observed to be in the acceptable limits. Furthermore, the discussed design principles in the first part are extended to the design of a morphing airfoil with auxetic structure. The advantages of the morphing airfoil with auxetic structure are （i） larger displacement with limited straining of the components and （ii） unique deformation characteristics, which produce a theoretical in-plane Poisson＇s ratio of -1. Aluminum Alloy AL6061-T651 is considered in the design of all the structural elements. The compliance characteristics of the airfoil are investigated through a numerical model. The numerical results are observed to be in close agreement with the experimental results in the literature.

关键词： wing design aerodynamic loads morphing airfoil auxetic structures negative Poisson's ratio

Physics-informed neural networks for estimating stress transfer mechanics in single lap joints

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2021年第8期22卷 621-631页

作者： Shivam SHARMA Rajneesh AWASTHI yedlabala sudhir sastry Pattabhi Ramaiah bUDARAPU School of Mechanical Sciences Indian Institute of TechnologyBhubaneswar 752050India Department of Aeronautical Engineering Institute of Aeronautical EngineeringHyderabad 500043India

With the explosive growth of computational resources and data generation,deep machine learning has been successfully employed in various *** important and emerging scientific application of deep learning involves solving differential ***,physics-informed neural networks(PINNs)are developed to solve the differential equations associated with a specific scientific *** such,algorithms for solving the differential equations by embedding their initial and boundary conditions in the cost function of the artificial neural networks using algorithmic differentiation must also be *** this study,various PINNs are adopted to estimate the stresses in the tablets and the interphase of a single lap *** proposed model is represented by two fourth-order non-homogeneous coupled partial differential equations,with the axial stresses in the upper and lower tablets adopted as the dependent *** axial stresses are a function of the tablet length,which presents the independent ***,the axial stresses in the tablets are estimated by solving the coupled partial differential equations when subjected to the boundary conditions,whereas the remaining stress components are expressed in terms of axial *** results obtained using the developed methodology are validated using the results obtained via MAPLE software.

关键词： Physics-informed neural networks(PINNs) Algorithmic differentiation Artificial neural networks Loss function Single lap joint

Vibration analysis of multi-walled carbon nanotubes embedded in elastic medium

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2014年第2期8卷 151-159页

作者： Pattabhi R. bUDARAPU sudhir sastry yb brahmanandam JAVVAJI D. Roy MAHAPATRA Institute of Structural Mechanics Bauhaus University of Weimar Weimar 99423 Germany Deptarment of Aeronautical Engineering Institute of Aeronautical Engineering Hyderabad 500043 India Department of Aerospace Engineering Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India

We propose a method to estimate the natural frequencies of the multi-walled carbon nanotubes （MWCNTs） embedded in an elastic medium. Each of the nested tubes is treated as an individual bar interacting with the adjacent nanotubes through the inter-tube Van der Waals forces. The effect of the elastic medium is introduced through an elastic model. The mathematical model is finally reduced to an eigen value problem and the eigen value problem is solved to arrive at the inter-tube resonances of the MWCNTs. Variation of the natural frequencies with different parameters are studied. The estimated results from the present method are compared with the literature and results are observed to be in close agreement.

关键词： natural frequencies multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTS) elastic medium

Modeling of pulsed electric field processing

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Food Innovation and Advances 2023年第3期2卷 171-183页

作者： sudhir K.sastry The Ohio State University Department of Food Agricultural and Biological Engineering 590 Woody Hayes Drive ColumbusOH 43210USA

Herein,we discuss the modeling of the pulsed electric field(PEF)process,with attention focused on the originally intended application of pasteurization of liquid *** review literature on three classes of *** are the models for electroporation(of molecular scale),derived from physics and physical chemistry considerations,and their extension to probabilistic approaches which treat pore formation as a random *** discuss the more recent approaches involving molecular ***,we consider treatment-chamber and system scale models,which are based on continuum physics approaches,and rely on computational Multiphysics codes for their *** then discuss the base assumptions for several modeling ***,we consider models for inactivation kinetics for bacteria exposed to PEF,including the first order,Hulsheger,Peleg and Weibull *** close with discussions of other models and experimental approaches for model verification and obtaining kinetic parameters from continuous flow PEF systems.

关键词： pulsed field discussions

Surface radioactive anomalies at Srisailam sub basin,Cuddapah basin,India

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2015年第2期34卷 265-271页

作者： Vishnu bhoopathi S.Niranjan Kumar R.S.N.sastry b.Srinivas Department of Applied Geochemistry Osmania University Atomic Mineral Directorate for Exploration and Research

Surface radioactive survey has been carried with portable gamma ray spectrometer(PGRS) about the 45 km2 around the Srisailam sub basin,the surface radioactive anomalies were found at Chennakesavula gutta in the Srisailam sub basin of Cuddapah basin in the age of meso-neo proterozoic,*** integrated geochemical and radiometric surveys were conducted as part of research work in the Srisailam basin,it has resulted the locating of surface radioactive anomalies near the Chennakesavula *** uranium minerals are observed along with the fracture planes in the Archean basement granite in the proximity of unconformity contact of Srisailam *** granite underlies the Srisailam formation and forms the source for possible unconformity related uranium mineralisation in the Srisailam sub-basin evidence by the significant radioactive *** radioactivity recorded by PGRS reflected uraniferous nature of the radioactivity(Average total counts =195 ppm;U = 202 ppm;Th =22ppm;%K = 4.1,n = 15).

关键词：放射性异常表面印度分盆 γ射线谱仪放射性调查 m盆地地球化学

biochemical and histopathological changes in sheep fed different detoxified karanj(Pongamia glabra)seed cake as partial protein supplements

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Animal Nutrition 2017年第2期3卷 164-170页

作者： Nira M.Soren Anil K.Sharma Vadali R.b.sastry Division of Animal Nutrition ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute Animal Nutrition Division ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology Division of Pathology ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute

The study investigated the long-term effect of feeding processed solvent extracted karanj(Pongamia glabra) cake(SKC) on gross pathology and histopathological changes in some vital organs, and on the activities of serum enzymes in Jalauni lambs. Twenty-four male lambs were divided into 4 groups and allotted randomly to a soybean meal(SbM) based control(CON) and 3 treatment groups receiving concentrate mixtures, containing water washed(WW), 2.5% lime(LM) and 0.4% binder(bN) treated SKC replacing 50% nitrogen of SbM to meet the protein requirements. blood was collected after 150 days from all the lambs and serum activities of aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) were assayed. All lambs were sacrificed after 196 days, and vital organs screened for gross pathological lesions. The representative tissues of liver, intestine, parathyroid gland,testis, and epididymis were sampled, preserved in 10% formalin and processed to examine histopathological changes by staining with haematoxylin and eosin(HE). The serum enzyme activities of AST and ALT were similar in the treatments, but the activity of LDH was higher(P bN group, while those of testes were decreased in both LM and bN groups. The histological sections of the testes and epididymis of lambs from LM group showed hypoplastic seminiferous tubules and empty ductules, respectively. The histological sections of the parathyroid gland in the same diet revealed smaller and non-secretory chief cells. The small intestine of lambs from bN group showed infiltration of mononuclear cells(MNC) in lamina propria with mild fibroplasia in intervillous areas. The histological section of liver from this group showed MNC infiltration in portal areas. The inclusion of water washed SKC in the concentrate mixture of lambs did not show gross pathological and histological alterations in th

关键词： Karanj cake Enzymatic profile Histopathology Lambs Liver Testis

Preparation and Characterization of Hydroxyapatite-Coated Selenium Nanoparticles and their Interaction with Osteosarcoma(SaOS-2) Cells

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2014年第6期27卷 1152-1158页

作者： Thiagarajan Hemalatha Gunasekaran Krithiga baskar Santhosh Kumar Thotapalli P. sastry bioproducts laboratory Central Leather Research Institute

Nanotechnology has taken a firm step to revolutionize the field of orthopedic implants. Current research on bone implants focuses to develop implants with multifaceted functions viz., osteoinduction, chemoprevention, antimicrobial action etc., especially for cancerous bone resection. The objective of the present study was to synthesize a novel composite for bone implants, possessing the above properties. Selenium was selected owing to its chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic properties. Hydroxyapatite was selected owing to its bioactivity and similarity in composition to bone mineral properties. Selenium nanoparticles were prepared by chemical reduction method and coated with ***-coated selenium nanoparticle（HASnp） was characterized physico-chemically using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscope, and energy-dispersive X-ray *** was analysed in vitro using SaOS-2 cell line. Enhanced cell proliferation and alkaline phosphatase activity were observed in HASnp-treated cells. The results indicate that HASnp is highly suitable for the use in orthopedic applications.

关键词： Osteogenesis biocompatibility bone tissue engineering biomaterials biomedical applications

Studies on impact sensitivity of nanosized trinitrotoluene (TNT) confined in silica processed by sol-gel method

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2016年第1期12卷 46-51页

作者： s.v.ingale p.b.wagh p.u.sastry c.b.basak d.bandyopadhyay s.b.phapale satish c.gupta Applied Physics Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai India Solid State Physics Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai India Glass andAdvanced Materials Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai India Heavy Water Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai India Chemistry Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai India

Nano-sized trinitrotoluene(TNT) material restrained in silica gel has been prepared by using the sol-gel process to study the effect of varying porosity in gel on the sensitivity of TNT. The TNT content in the gel has been varied from 60 to 90 wt %(at fixed acetone/tetramethoxysilane ratio of 50). Also, for a fixed TNT content of 75 wt %, the pore structure in the gel has been varied by changing the ratio of silica gel precursor to the solvent. The resultant TNT–silica gel composites have been characterized using scanning electron microscopy, thermal analysis, small angle X-ray scattering and surface area analysis techniques. Impact sensitivity studies were carried out using Fall Hammer Impact Test. The results showed that the sensitivity of nanostructured explosives prepared by sol-gel process can be tailored precisely by controlling the process parameters.

关键词：溶胶-凝胶法三硝基甲苯 TNT 敏感性二氧化硅纳米溶胶-凝胶过程扫描电子显微镜