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Random Terpolymer Based on Simple Siloxane-functionalized Thiophene Unit Enabling High-performance Non-fullerene Organic Solar Cells

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第3期42卷 311-321,I0006页

作者： Fuliang Cheng Shiting Lai Yihan Zhang Ling Xue Xinxin Xia Peipei Zhu Xinhui Lu xunfan liao Yiwang Chen National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis/Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringJiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang 330022China Department of Physics Chinese University of Hong Kong New TerritoriesHong Kong 999077China Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry(IPEC)/Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of New Energy Chemistry Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330031China

Incorporation of siloxane-functionalized units into polymers backbone has proven to be an efficient strategy to improve photovoltaic performance. In this work, a low-cost siloxane-containing unit was developed to construct a series of terpolymers, and the effects of siloxane on the polymer performance were systematically studied. Different contents of thiophene containing siloxane-functionalized side chain were introduced into PM6 to obtain a series of polymers(PM6, PM6-SiO-10, PM6-SiO-20 and PM6-SiO-30). The siloxane-functionalized side chains in polymers have only a slight effect on the absorption behavior and frontier molecular orbitals. However, when the siloxane content increased, the terpolymers' aggregation property decreased and the temperature-dependency increased, leading to improved donor-acceptor compatibility. The power conversion efficiency(PCE) based on PM6:Y6, PM6-SiO-20:Y6 and PM6-SiO-30:Y6 devices was 15.64%, 16.03% and 15.82%, respectively. In comparison, the active layer based on PM6-SiO-10:Y6 exhibits the most appropriate phase separation morphology, resulting in effective exciton dissociation, more balanced hole-electron transport and less recombination. Consequently, the highest PCE of 16.69% with an outstanding shortcircuit current density of 26.96 mA·cm^(-2) was obtained, which are one of the highest values for siloxane-functionalized polymer-based devices.This work demonstrates that finely controlling the content of siloxane-functionalized thiophene is beneficial for obtaining high-performance terpolymer donors and provides a novel and low-cost method to improve photovoltaic performance.

关键词： Organic solar cells Terpolymers Siloxane-functionalized unit Low-cost Morphology

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Enhancing photostability and power conversion efficiency of organic solar cells by a “sunscreen” ternary strategy

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Science China Chemistry 2023年第4期66卷 1179-1189页

作者： Yongjie Cui Zeng Chen Peipei Zhu Wei Ma Haiming Zhu xunfan liao Yiwang Chen State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials&College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620China National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis/Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education Jiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang 330022China Center for Chemistry of High-Performance and Novel Materials Department of ChemistryZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China

The field has witnessed the rapid growth in the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of organic solar cells(OSCs)over the past decade,reaching the threshold for practical commercialization.However,a major issue remains that OSC lifetimes are seriously limited by the ultraviolet(UV)-induced photodegradation.Here,inspired by the superior photostability of car paint under sunlight and ambient air,a“sunscreen”molecule,2-(2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl)benzotriazole(UV329),is used to construct the PM6:Y6 ternary device.The addition of UV329 mainly enhances the ordered stacking of PM6 and increases the light utilization of blend films with the improved crystallization and appropriate phase separation.Accordingly,the ternary device exhibits stronger light response and obviously higher and more balanced carrier mobilities,contributing to higher short-circuit current density,fill factor and PCE.Similar PCE boost is also verified in PM6:BTP-e C9 and PM6:L8-BO systems.The photodegradation of PM6 dominates the photo-degradation process of PM6:Y6 systems,while the UV329 can effectively suppress such degradation,and thus the ternary device can retain nearly 90%of the initial PCE under continuous illumination for 120 min.Moreover,ternary devices also preserve better thermal stability and shelf-life with the enhanced PCE.This work provides a simple yet effective strategy for simultaneously improving PCE and photostability of OSCs.

关键词： ternary strategy sunscreen UV absorber photostability organic solar cells

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Realizing high-performance organic solar cells through precise control of HOMO driving force based on ternary alloy strategy

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第2期31卷 133-140页

作者： Ji Wana Zeng Chen Li Zeng xunfan liao Qiannan He Siqi Liu Peipei Zhu Haiming Zhu Yiwang Chen Institute of Advanced Scientific Research(iASR) Key Laboratory of Functional Small Molecules for Ministry of EducationJiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang 330022JiangxiChina College of Chemistry/Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry(IPEC) Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330031JiangxiChina Center for Chemistry of High-Performance&Novel Materials Department of ChemistryZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027ZhejiangChina

A good deal of studies have proven that effective exciton dissociation and fast hole transport can operate efficiently in non-fullerene organic photovoltaics(OPVs)despite nearly zero driving force.Even so,whether such a phenomenon is universal and how small the driving force can realize the best photovoltaic performance still require a thorough understanding.Herein,despite the zero driving force based on PM6:F8IC system,a maximum short-circuit current(J_(sc))of 23.0 mA/cm^(2) and high power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 12.2%can still be achieved.Due to the continuously adjustable energy levels can be realized in organic semiconducting alloys including F8IC:IT-4F and F8IC:Y6,the suitable third components can play the role of energy level regulator.Therefore,the HOMO energy level offset(DEHOMO(D A))from zero to 0.07 and 0.06 eV is accomplished in the optimized IT-4F and Y6 ternary devices.Consequently,both ternary devices achieved substantially increased PCE of 13.8%and Jsc of 24.4 and 25.2 mA/cm^(2),respectively.Besides,pseudo-planar heterojunction(PPHJ)devices based on alloyed acceptors through sequential spin-coating method further improve the photovoltaic performance.Our work puts forward the concept of energy level regulator and prove that the ternary alloy strategy has unique advantages and huge research potential in continuously adjusting the driving force.

关键词： Driving force Energy level regulator Alloyed acceptor Ternary alloy strategy Pseudo-planar heterojunction

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Bending-stability Interfacial Layer as Dual Electron Transport Layer for Flexible Organic Photovoltaics

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2021年第11期39卷 1441-1448页

作者： Guodong Xu Xiaotian Hu xunfan liao Yiwang Chen Institute of Advanced Scientific Research(iASR) Jiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang 330022China Key Laboratory of Functional Small Molecules for Ministry of Education Jiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang 330022China Analysis and Testing Center Jiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang 330022China Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry(IPEC) Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330031China

The flexibility of organic photovoltaics(OPVs)has attracted worldwide attention in recent years.To realize the bending-stability of OPVs,it is necessary to put forward the bending-stability of interfacial layer.A novel bendable composite is explored and successfully applied as an electron transport layer(ETL)for fully-flexible OPVs.We incorporated poly(vinylpyrrolidone)(PVP)into conjugated electrolytes(CPE)to composite a bendable ETL for high-performance OPVs devices.Fortunately,the devices based on PVP-modified CPE exhibited better device performances and more excellent mechanical properties of bendability.The fullerene-free OPVs based on PM6:IT-4 F with CPE@PVP as ETLs yield the best power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 13.42%.Moreover,a satisfying efficiency of 12.59%has been obtained for the fully-flexible OPVs.As far as we know,this is one of the highest PCE for fully-flexible OPV based PM6:IT-4 F system.More importantly,the flexible OPVs devices can retain more than 80%of its initial efficiency after 5000 bending cycles.Furthermore,among various curvature radii,the mechanical properties of the device based on CPE@PVP are superior to those of the device based on bare CPE as ETL.These findings indicate that the functional flexibility of CPE as a cathode interfacial layer is an effective strategy to fabricate high-performance flexible devices in the near future.

关键词： Bending-stability of interfacial layer Conjugated electrolytes Fully-flexible OPVs Electron transport layers

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Carbazolebis(thiadiazole)-core based non-fused ring electron acceptors for efficient organic solar cells

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中国化学快报:英文版 2023年第8期34卷 322-327页

作者： Yongjie Cui Peipei Zhu Xinxin Xia Xinhui Lu xunfan liao Yiwang Chen State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials and College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620China National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis/Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringJiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang 330022China Department of Physics Chinese University of Hong KongNew TerritoriesHong Kong 999077China

Non-fused ring electron acceptors(NFREAs)have a broad application prospect in the commercialization of organic solar cells(OSCs)due to the advantages of simple synthesis and low cost.The selection of intermediate block cores of non-fused frameworks and the establishment of the relationship between molecular structure and device performance are crucial for the realization of high-performance OSCs.Herein,two A-D-A’-D-A type NFREAs namely CBTBO-4F and CBTBO-4Cl,constructed with a novel electron-deficient block unit N-(2-butyloctyl)-carbazole[3,4-c:5,6-c]bis[1,2,5]thiadiazole(CBT)and bridging unit 4,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b’]dithiophene(DTC)coupling with different terminals(IC-2F/2Cl),were designed and synthesized.The two NFREAs feature broad and strong photoresponse from 500 nm to 900 nm due to the strong intramolecular charge transfer characteristics.Compared with CBTBO-4F,CBTBO-4Cl shows better molecular planarity,stronger crystallinity,more ordered molecular stacking,larger van der Waals surface,lower energy level and better active layer morphology,contributing to much better charge separation and transport behaviors in its based devices.As a result,the CBTBO-4Cl based device obtains a higher power conversion efficiency of 10.18%with an open-circuit voltage of 0.80 V and a short-circuit current density of 21.20 mA/cm^(2).These results not only demonstrate the great potential of CBT,a new building block of the benzothiazole family,in the construction of high-performance organic conjugated semiconductors,but also suggest that the terminal chlorination is an effective strategy to improve device performance.

关键词： Carbazolebis(thiadiazole) Non-fused ring electron acceptors A-D-A’-D-A type Molecular planarity Organic solar cells

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Green‑Solvent Processed Blade‑Coating Organic Solar Cells with an Efficiency Approaching 19%Enabled by Alkyl‑Tailored Acceptors

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Nano-Micro Letters 2023年第12期15卷 449-462页

作者： Hairui Bai Ruijie Ma Wenyan Su Top Archie Dela Pea Tengfei Li Lingxiao Tang Jie Yang Bin Hu Yilin Wang Zhaozhao Bi Yueling Su Qi Wei Qiang Wu Yuwei Duan Yuxiang Li Jiaying Wu Zicheng Ding xunfan liao Yinjuan Huang Chao Gao Guanghao Lu Mingjie Li Weiguo Zhu Gang Li Qunping Fan Wei Ma State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049People’s Republic of China Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Light‑Electricity‑Heat Energy‑Converting Materials and Applications School of Materials Science and EngineeringChangzhou UniversityChangzhou 213164People’s Republic of China Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education/National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis Jiangxi Normal University99 Ziyang AvenueNanchang 330022People’s Republic of China Department of Electronic and Information Engineering Research Institute for Smart Energy(RISE)The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloon 999077Hong KongPeople’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi’an University of Science and TechnologyXi’an 710054People’s Republic of China Department of Applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloon 999077Hong KongPeople’s Republic of China Advanced Materials Thrust Function HubThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyNanshaGuangzhouPeople’s Republic of China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of EducationShaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy DevicesShaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy TechnologySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119People’s Republic of China Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710054People’s Republic of China Xi’an Key Laboratory of Liquid Crystal and Organic Photovoltaic Materials State Key Laboratory of Fluorine&Nitrogen ChemicalsXi’an Modern Chemistry Research InstituteXi’an 710065People’s Republic of China

Power-conversion-efficiencies(PCEs)of organic solar cells(OSCs)in laboratory,normally processed by spin-coating technology with toxic halogenated solvents,have reached over 19%.However,there is usually a marked PCE drop when the bladecoating and/or green-solvents toward large-scale printing are used instead,which hampers the practical development of OSCs.Here,a new series of N-alkyl-tailored small molecule acceptors named YR-SeNF with a same molecular main backbone are developed by combining selenium-fused central-core and naphthalene-fused endgroup.Thanks to the N-alkyl engineering,NIR-absorbing YR-SeNF series show different crystallinity,packing patterns,and miscibility with polymeric donor.The studies exhibit that the molecular packing,crystallinity,and vertical distribution of active layer morphologies are well optimized by introducing newly designed guest acceptor associated with tailored N-alkyl chains,providing the improved charge transfer dynamics and stability for the PM6:L8-BO:YRSeNF-based OSCs.As a result,a record-high PCE approaching 19%is achieved in the blade-coating OSCs fabricated from a greensolvent o-xylene with high-boiling point.Notably,ternary OSCs offer robust operating stability under maximum-power-point tracking and well-keep>80%of the initial PCEs for even over 400 h.Our alkyl-tailored guest acceptor strategy provides a unique approach to develop green-solvent and blade-coating processed high-efficiency and operating stable OSCs,which paves a way for industrial development.

关键词： Alkyl-tailored guest acceptors Blade-coating Green solvent processing Stability Organic solar cells

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Reducing Energy Loss and Morphology Optimization Manipulated by Molecular Geometry Engineering for Hetero-junction Organic Solar Cells

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2020年第12期38卷 1553-1559页

作者： Guodong Xu Huan Rao xunfan liao Youdi Zhang Yuming Wang Zhi Xing Ting Hu Licheng Tan Lie Chen Yiwang Chen College of Chemistry/Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry(IPEC) Nanchang UniversityNonchongJiangxi 330031China Institute of Advanced Scientific Research(iASR) Jiangxi Normal University99 Ziyong AvenueNonchangJiangxi 330022China Department of Physics Chem istry and Biology(IFM) Linkoping UniversityLinkoping SE-58183Sweden

of main observation and conclusion Molecular geometry engineering is an efective strategy to control the micromorphology and molecularenergy level in organic photovoltaics(OPVs).Two novel copolymers based on alkysilyl-and chloride-functionalied benzodithiophene(BDT)were designed and synthesized for wide bandgap copolymer donor materials in OPVs.It was found that the two copolymers exhited distinctly different proper-ties in active layer when blended with fulerene-fre acceptor T-4.The chloride-functionalited copolymer PBDTCI-TZ2 with deeper molecular energy leveland better coplanar structure induced more ordered aggregation in blend flm.Thus,the device based on PBDTC-TZ exhibits better energy alinmentwith IT-4F and smallr radiative recombination.furthermore,the non-radiative recombination of PBDTCI-TZ.T-4F based device is about 45 mV lowerthan the PBDTS-TZ/T-4F based device,contributing to a lower enery loss(Ein,and a higher open-cicut voltage(Vc).As a resut,the devices based onthe blend of PBDTC-TZ2.IT-4F exhibit a high power conversion efficiency(PCE)of up to 12.2%with a high Vvoe of 0.837 Vv,higher than that of PBDTSi-TZ:IT-4F,of which the PCE is 11.2%with a Voc of 0.781V.

关键词： Molecular radiative furthermore

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