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Human radiological safety assessment for petawatt laser-driven ion acceleration experiments in CLAPA-T

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 8-15页

作者： Xiaopeng Zhang j.arui Zhao Shengxuan Xu xun Chen Ying Gao Shiyou Chen Kun Zhu Xueqing Yan Wenj.n Ma State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology and Key Laboratory of HEDP of the Ministry of EducationCAPTPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsCASBeijing 100049China Beij.ng Laser Acceleration Innovation Center HuairouBeijing 101400China Institute of Guangdong Laser Plasma Technology BaiyunGuangzhou 510540China

The newly built Compact Laser Plasma Accelerator-Therapy facility at Peking University will deliver 60 j.1 Hz laser pulses with 30 fs *** by this petawatt laser facility,proton beams with energy up to 200 MeV are expected to be generated for tumor *** high-repetition operation,both prompt radiation and residual radiation may cause safety ***,human radiological safety assessment before commissioning is *** this paper,we simulate both prompt and residual radiation using the Geant4 and FLUKA Monte Carlo codes with reasonable proton and as-produced electron beam *** find that the prompt radiation can be shielded well by the concrete wall of the experimental hall,but the risk from residual radiation is nonnegligible and necessitates adequate radiation *** the basis of the simulation results,we discuss the constraints imposed by radiation safety considerations on the annual working time,and we propose radiation cooling strategies for different shooting modes.

关键词： laser prompt acceleration

Eco-evolutionary evidence for the global diversity pattern of Cycas(Cycadaceae)

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j.urnal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第6期66卷 1170-1191页

作者： j.an Liu Anders j.indstrom Yiqing Gong Shanshan Dong Yusheng(Chris)Liu Shouzhou Zhang xun Gong CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant ResourcesKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Global Biodiversity Conservancy 144/124 Moo3Soi Bua ThongBangsalaeSattahipChonburi 20250Thailand Key Laboratory of Southern Subtropical Plant Diversity Fairy Lake Botanical GardenShenzhen&Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518004China Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Indiana University-IndianapolisIndianapolisIN 46202USA

The evolution of the latitudinal diversity gradient(LDG),characterized by a peak in diversity toward the tropics,has captured significant attention in evolutionary biology and ***,the inverse LDG(i-LDG)mechanism,wherein species richness increases toward the poles,remains inadequately *** are among one of the oldest lineages of extant seed plants and have undergone extensive diversification in the ***,the extant cycad abundance exhibits an i-LDG pattern,and the underlying causes for this phenomenon remain largely ***,using 1,843 nuclear genes from a nearly complete sampling,we conducted comprehensive phylogenomic analyses to establish a robust species-level phylogeny for Cycas,the largest genus within *** then reconstructed the spatial-temporal dynamics and integrated global environmental data to evaluate the roles of species ages,diversification rates,contemporary environment,and conservatism to ancestral niches in shaping the i-LDG *** found Cycas experienced decreased diversification rates,coupled with the cooling temperature since its origin in the Eocene from continental *** regions have distinctively contributed to the formation of i-LDG for Cycas,with the northern hemisphere acting as evolutionary museums and the southern hemisphere serving as ***,water-related climate variables,specifically precipitation seasonality and potential evapotranspiration,were identified as paramount factors constraining Cycas species richness in the rainforest biome near the ***,the adherence to ancestral monsoonal climates emerges as a critical factor in sustaining the diversity *** study underscores the imperative of integrating both evolutionary and ecological approaches to comprehensively unravel the mechanisms underpinning global biodiversity patterns.

关键词： cycads latitudinal diversity gradient niche conservatism spatiotemporal diversification species richness

Intravitreal inj.ction practice patterns among Chinese ophthalmologists

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International j.urnal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第9期17卷 1717-1722页

作者： Li Su Yin-Chen Shen Hong Li Bo Mou Kun Liu xun Xu Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai General HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200080China National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases Shanghai 200080China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases Shanghai 200080China Shanghai MicroCall Information Technology Co. Ltd.Shanghai 200436China

AIM:To describe the practice patterns of intravitreal inj.ctions(IVIs)among ophthalmologists in ***:This was a cross-sectional online *** who had performed accumulated more than 100 inj.ctions were contacted by the Brightness Center,a hospital-based national network,to complete an anonymous,24-question,internet-based *** were surveyed on practices in inj.ction techniques,pre-,and post-inj.ctions ***:A total of 333 ophthalmologists from 28 provinces/municipalities/autonomous regions responded to the survey(50.68%response rate).The 91.29%of the respondents evaluated systemic risk factors by medical history,electrocardiogram(ECG)and blood *** the respondents used pre-inj.ction prophylactic *** checked intraocular pressure(IOP,99.1%)and blood pressure(96.1%)before inj.ctions.A maj.rity of the respondents performed inj.ctions in the operating room(98.8%),wore masks(99.7%),gloves(99.4%)and sterile surgical clothing(96.1%),performed topical anesthetics(97.9%),and applied povidone-iodine(95.8%)*** 61.26%of the respondents dilated *** half of the respondents(51.05%)performed bilateral inj.ctions in the same *** temporal quadrant(40.54%)was the most frequent site of *** three quarters used 30-gauge *** respondents(97.9%)measured the site of inj.ction from *** than half(53.45%)performed conj.nctiva displacement prior to *** 32.43%of the respondents checked IOP post-inj.ction and 87.99%physicians checked hand motion(HM)or counting fingers(CF)after inj.ction,while 36.94%observed optic nerve *** participants used topical antibiotics *** physicians(91.89%)reviewed patients on the following ***:This study provides a description of the real-world practice patterns in IVIs in China and offers critical information regarding education and training of ophthalmologists and amendment of local society guideli

关键词： intravitreal inj.ctions practice pattern topical antibiotics Chinese ophthalmologists

Neuroprotective effects of acteoside in a glaucoma mouse model by targeting Serta domain-containing protein 4

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International j.urnal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第4期17卷 625-637页

作者： Hui-j.e Hao Ya-Hong Li Bo Yu xun Liu Yan Zhang Xiao-Li Xing Tianj.n Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular DiseaseEye Institute and School of OptometryTianjin Medical University Eye HospitalTianjin 300384China

AIM:To explore the therapeutic effect and main molecular mechanisms of acteoside in a glaucoma model in DBA/2j.***:Proteomics was used to compare the differentially expressed proteins of C57 and DBA/2j.*** acteoside administration in DBA/2j.mice,anterior segment observation,intraocular pressure(IOP)monitoring,electrophysiology examination,and hematoxylin and eosin staining were used to analyze any potential ***(IHC)assays were used to verify the proteomics ***,retinal ganglion cell 5(RGC5)cell proliferation was assessed with cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)*** domain-containing protein 4(Sertad4)mRNA and protein expression levels were measured by qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis,***:Proteomics analysis suggested that Sertad4 was the most significantly differentially expressed *** with the saline group,the acteoside treatment group showed decreased IOP,improved N1-P1 wave amplitudes,thicker retina,and larger numbers of cells in the ganglion cell layer(GCL).The IHC results showed that Sertad4 expression levels in DBA/2j.mice treated with acteoside were significantly lower than in the saline *** treatment could improve RGC5 cell survival and reduce the Sertad4 mRNA and protein expression levels after glutamate ***:Sertad4 is differentially expressed in DBA/2j.*** can protect RGCs from damage,possibly through the downregulation of Sertad4,and has a potential use in glaucoma treatment.

关键词： glaucoma acteoside Serta domaincontaining protein 4 proteomics mice

Twisted Phosphors that Violate Kasha's Exciton Model in Organic Systems

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Chinese j.urnal of Chemistry 2024年第11期42卷 1237-1246页

作者： Boyi Fu Guangming Wang j.uyang Li j.nbo Li xun Li Xiaoya Zhao Shuhui Ding Guoping Yan Qianqian Yan Kaka Zhang School of Materials Science and Engineering Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhanHubei430205 China Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences345 Lingling RoadShanghai200032 China

Kasha's exciton model proposes that T1 energy levels of organic compounds are insensitive to molecular aggregation and microenvironment change because of negligible small transition dipole moments of T1 *** model holds true in most organic systems till *** we report the fabrication of twisted organic phosphors with intramolecular charge transfer characters and flexible molecular *** doped into different organic matrices,the twisted phosphor adopts different conformation,exhibits distinct phosphorescence colors and T1 energy levels,which violates Kasha's exciton model in organic *** that the change of phosphorescence colors and maxima can be readily distinguished by human eyes and conventional instrument,the twisted phosphors would be exploited as a new type of molecular probe,which would exhibit potential application in optical sensing and stimuli-responsive systems.

关键词： Afterglow Twisted phosphor Triplet excited state Room-temperature phosphorescence Luminescence Spin-orbit coupling

Interstitial carbon induces enriched Cu^(δ+) sites in Cu_(2)O nanoparticles to facilitate CO_(2) electroreduction to C_(2+) products

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 7013-7019页

作者： Haoran Wang Rongbo Sun Peigen Liu Haohui Hu Chen Ling Xiao Han Yi Shi Xusheng Zheng Geng Wu xun Hong Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis(CAN) Department of Applied ChemistryHefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Sinochem Holdings Co Ltd Xiongan New AreaHebei 071700China National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory(NSRL) University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230029China

The electrochemical CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)holds significant promise in advancing carbon *** catalysts for the electrochemical CO_(2)RR to multi-carbon(C_(2+))products(e.g.,C_(2)H_(4))under industrial-level current density is urgently needed and ***,we report the Cu_(2)O nanoparticles doped with interstitial carbon atoms(denoted as C-Cu_(2)O NPs)for the conversion of CO_(2) to C_(2+)*** interstitial carbon promotes the C-Cu_(2)O NPs to possess abundant unsaturated Cu–O bonds,leading to a high-density Cu^(δ+)(0<δ<1)*** obtained C-Cu_(2)O NPs exhibited significant Faradic efficiency(FE)of C_(2+) products approaching 76.9%and a partial current density reaching 615.2 mA·cm^(–2)under an industrial-level current density of 800 mA·cm^(–2).Furthermore,the efficient electrosynthesis of C_(2)H_(4) achieved an FE of 57.4%with a partial current density of 459.2 mA·cm^(–2).In situ electrochemical attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and in situ Raman spectroscopy analyses revealed that C-Cu_(2)O NPs stabilized the intermediate*CO and facilitated C–C coupling,leading to increased selectivity towards C_(2+) products.

关键词： CO_(2) electroreduction C-C coupling interstitial carbon *CO coverage industrial-level current density

New perspectives on the genetic structure of dotted gizzard shad(Konosirus punctatus)based on RAD-seq

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第1期6卷 50-67页

作者： Ying Peng Yifan Liu j.asheng Li Kun Zhang xun j.n Sixu Zheng Yunpeng Wang Zhenming Lu Liqin Liu Li Gong Bingj.an Liu National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization Zhejiang Ocean UniversityZhoushan 316022China National Engineering Research Center for Facilitated Marine Aquaculture Marine Science and Technology CollegeZhejiang Ocean UniversityZhoushan 316022China

To maintain,develop and rationally utilize marine organisms,understanding their genetic structure and habitat adaptation pattern is *** punctatus,which is a commercial fish species inhabiting the Indo-west Pacific Ocean,has shown an obvious annual global capture and aquaculture production decline due to climate changes and human *** the present study,restriction-site associated DNA sequencing(RAD-seq)was used to describe its genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms panel(SNPs).Among 146 individuals collected at nine locations scattered in China,Korea and j.pan,a set of 632,090 SNPs were *** genetic analysis showed that *** individuals were divided into two significant genetic ***,potential genetic differentiation between northern and southern population of *** was *** results indicated that gene flow existed among sampling locations of ***,especially from southern j.pan to ***,candidate genes associated with habitat adaptations of *** were identified,which are involved in diverse physiological processes of *** including growth and development(e.g.,KIDINS220,PAN3),substance metabolism(e.g.,PGM5)and immune response(e.g.,VAV3,CCT7,HSPA12B).Our findings may aid in understanding the possible mechanisms for the population genetic structure and local adaptation of ***,which is beneficial to establish the management and conservation units of ***,guiding the rational use of resources,with reference significance for a profound understanding of the adaptative mechanisms of other marine organisms to the environment.

关键词： Population structure Konosirus punctatus SNP RAD-seq Local adaptation

融合多模板注意力深度网的自适应目标框跟踪算法

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控制与决策 2024年第4期39卷 1123-1132页

作者：仲训杲范东嘉仲训昱周承仙赵晶刘强厦门理工学院电气工程与自动化学院福建厦门361024 厦门大学航空航天学院福建厦门361002 牛津大学精神学系牛津OX37JX 厦门市高端电力装备及智能控制重点实验室福建厦门361024

现有深度网络跟踪算法应对相似物体干扰、尺度变化、形变模糊、遮挡等问题存在挑战,为此提出一种融合多模板注意力机制的鲁棒深度网络算法.在SiamFc深度网络分支中构建通道和空间多模板注意力机制,以加强网络对目标特征的提取能力;融合... 详细信息

现有深度网络跟踪算法应对相似物体干扰、尺度变化、形变模糊、遮挡等问题存在挑战,为此提出一种融合多模板注意力机制的鲁棒深度网络算法.在SiamFc深度网络分支中构建通道和空间多模板注意力机制,以加强网络对目标特征的提取能力;融合浅层和深层卷积特征实现跟踪目标的精确聚焦,以克服相似物干扰问题;采用自适应回归网络学习目标采样点与目标边界之间的距离,实现目标区域的动态预测,有效应对目标尺度变化问题.另外,通过计算分类特征的APCE均值和最大值建立模板在线更新策略,实现网络自适应目标形变模糊与遮挡等问题.对OTB 100和VOT 2016等公开数据集的测试结果表明,与目前先进的SiamFc及改进方法相比,所提出算法在动态目标跟踪的准确率和成功率上均得到有效提升,具有强鲁棒性能.

关键词：深度网络目标跟踪自适应框注意力机制模板更新

Ursolic acid inhibiting excessive reticulophagic flux contributes to alleviate ochratoxin A-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress- and mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Huiqiong Deng Wenying Chen Lingyun Han Boyang Zhang xun Luo Song Yao Hongwei Wang Yao Zhou Shuangchao Liu Xiao Li Shen School of Public Health， Zunyi Medical University Chongqing Fuling District Center for Disease Control and Prevention Key Laboratory of Maternal & Child Health and Exposure Science of Guizhou Higher Education Institutes Research and Development Department，Allife Medicine Inc.

Foods and animal feeds frequently become contaminated with the nephrotoxic ochratoxin A (OTA). Our prior research has indicated that ursolic acid (UA)， which is widely present in fruits and medicinal plants， has the potential to alleviate nephrotoxicity triggered by OTA. Additionally， excessive induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-phagy exacerbates OTA-induced apoptosis. Therefore， further investigation is essential to comprehend whether UA can mitigate OTA-induced apoptosis by influencing ER-phagy. This obj.ctive is accomplished through a series of experiments involving assessments of cell viability， apoptosis， fluorescence microscopy， and western blot analysis. The outcomes of these experiments reveal that pre-treatment with 4 μmol/L UA for 2 h can markedly reverse the elevated apoptotic rate， the co-localization of ER and lysosomes， and the protein expressions of GRP78， p-eIF2α， Chop， Bax， and Bak， as well as the reduced cell viability and the protein expressions of Lonp1， Trap1， p62， Tex264， FAM134B， Bcl-2， and Bcl-xl， all caused by exposure to 1 μmol/L OTA for 24 h in human proximal tubule epithelial-originated kidney-2 (HK-2) cells (P < 0.05). Interestingly， the increased expression of LC3B-II induced by OTA is further amplified by UA pre-treatment (P < 0.05). In conclusion， OTA triggers a harmful feedback loop between ER stress (ERS) and excessive ER-phagy， thereby further promoting ERS- and mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in vitro. However， this effect is significantly mitigated by UA through the inhibition of autophagosome-lysosome fusion， consequently blocking the excessive ER-phagic flux.

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