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Sorl1 knockout inhibits expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor:involvement in the development of late-onset Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1602-1607页

作者： Mingri Zhao xun Chen Jiangfeng Liu Yanjin Feng Chen Wang Ting Xu Wanxi Liu Xionghao Liu Mujun Liu Deren hou Department of Neurology The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina Center for Medical Genetics&Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics School of Life SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina Department of Cell Biology School of Life SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina

Sortilin-related receptor 1(SORL1)is a critical gene associated with late-onset Alzheimer’s disease.SORL1 contributes to the development and progression of this neurodegenerative condition by affecting the transport and metabolism of intracellularβ-amyloid precursor protein.To better understand the underlying mechanisms of SORL1 in the pathogenesis of late-onset Alzheimer s disease,in this study,we established a mouse model of SorI1 gene knockout using cluste red regularly inters paced short palindro mic repeats-associated protein 9 technology.We found that Sorl1-knocko ut mice displayed deficits in learning and memory.Furthermore,the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor was significantly downregulated in the hippocampus and co rtex,and amyloidβ-protein deposits were observed in the brains of 5orl1-knockout mice.In vitro,hippocampal neuronal cell synapses from homozygous Sorl1-knockout mice were impaired.The expression of synaptic proteins,including Drebrin and NR2B,was significantly reduced,and also their colocalization.Additionally,by knocking out the Sorl1 gene in N2a cells,we found that expression of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor,NR2B,and cyclic adenosine monophosphate-response element binding protein was also inhibited.These findings suggest that SORL1 participates in the pathogenesis of late-onset Alzheimer s disease by regulating the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor NR2B/cyclic adenosine monophosphate-response element binding protein signaling axis.

关键词： brain-derived neurotrophic factor late-onset Alzheimer’s disease N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor sortilin-related receptor 1 synapse

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Detection of Novel BEST1 Variations in Autosomal Recessive Bestrophinopathy Using Third-generation Sequencing

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Current Medical Science 2024年第2期44卷 419-425页

作者： Jia-xun LI Ling-rui MENG Bao-ke hou Xiao-lu HAO Da-jiang WANG Ling-hui QU Zhao-hui LI Lei ZHANG Xin JIN Department of Senior Ophthalmology the Third Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China Department of Ophthalmology the 74th Army Group HospitalGuangzhou 510318China

Objective:Autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy(ARB),a retinal degenerative disease,is characterized by central visual loss,yellowish multifocal diffuse subretinal deposits,and a dramatic decrease in the light peak on electrooculogram.The potential pathogenic mechanism involves mutations in the BEST1 gene,which encodes Ca2+-activated Cl−channels in the retinal pigment epithelium(RPE),resulting in degeneration of RPE and photoreceptor.In this study,the complete clinical characteristics of two Chinese ARB families were summarized.Methods:Pacific Biosciences(PacBio)single-molecule real-time(SMRT)sequencing was performed on the probands to screen for disease-causing gene mutations,and Sanger sequencing was applied to validate variants in the patients and their family members.Results:Two novel mutations,c.202T>C(chr11:61722628,p.Y68H)and c.867+97G>A,in the BEST1 gene were identified in the two Chinese ARB families.The novel missense mutation BEST1 c.202T>C(p.Y68H)resulted in the substitution of tyrosine with histidine in the N-terminal region of transmembrane domain 2 of bestrophin-1.Another novel variant,BEST1 c.867+97G>A(chr11:61725867),located in intron 7,might be considered a regulatory variant that changes allele-specific binding affinity based on motifs of important transcriptional regulators.Conclusion:Our findings represent the first use of third-generation sequencing(TGS)to identify novel BEST1 mutations in patients with ARB,indicating that TGS can be a more accurate and efficient tool for identifying mutations in specific genes.The novel variants identified further broaden the mutation spectrum of BEST1 in the Chinese population.

关键词： autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy BEST1 gene third-generation sequencing mutation

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Underwater gas self-transportation along femtosecond laser-written open superhydrophobic surface microchannels(<100μm)for bubble/gas manipulation

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2022年第1期4卷 35-49页

作者： Jiale Yong Qing Yang Jinglan Huo xun hou Feng Chen State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology for Information School of Electronic Science and EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049People’s Republic of China School of Mechanical Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049People’s Republic of China

Underwater transportation of bubbles and gases has essential applications in manipulating and using gas,but achieving this function at the microscopic level remains a significant challenge.Here,we report a strategy to self-transport gas in water along a laser-induced open superhydrophobic microchannel with a width less than 100μm.The femtosecond laser can directly write superhydrophobic and underwater superaerophilic microgrooves on the polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)surfaces.In water,the single laser-induced microgroove and water medium generate a hollow microchannel.When the microchannel connects two superhydrophobic regions in water,the gas spontaneously travels from the small region to the large area along this hollow microchannel.Gas self-transportation can be extended to laser-drilled microholes through a thin PTFE sheet,which can even achieve anti-buoyancy unidirectional penetration.The gas can overcome the bubble’s buoyance and spontaneously travel downward.The Laplace pressure difference drives the processes of spontaneous gas transportation and unidirectional bubble passage.We believe the property of gas self-transportation in the femtosecond laser-structured open superhydrophobic and underwater superaerophilic microgrooves/microholes has significant potential applications related to manipulating underwater gas.

关键词： femtosecond laser gas transportation superhydrophobicity underwater superaerophilicity water/gas separation

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Ligand Engineering in Tin-Based Perovskite Solar Cells

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Nano-Micro Letters 2023年第10期15卷 112-150页

作者： Peizhou Li Xiangrong Cao Jingrui Li Bo Jiao xun hou Feng Hao Zhijun Ning Zuqiang Bian Jun Xi Liming Ding Zhaoxin Wu Hua Dong Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices(MoE) Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic TechniqueSchool of Electronic and Information EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049People’s Republic of China Center for Excellence in Nanoscience(CAS) Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication(CAS)National Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing 100190People’s Republic of China School of Materials and Energy University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731People’s Republic of China School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210People’s Republic of China Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and ApplicationsCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871People’s Republic of China Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006People’s Republic of China

Perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have attracted aggressive attention in the photovoltaic field in light of the rapid increasing power conversion efficiency.However,their large-scale application and commercialization are limited by the toxicity issue of lead(Pb).Among all the lead-free perovskites,tin(Sn)-based perovskites have shown potential due to their low toxicity,ideal bandgap structure,high carrier mobility,and long hot carrier lifetime.Great progress of Sn-based PSCs has been realized in recent years,and the certified efficiency has now reached over 14%.Nevertheless,this record still falls far behind the theoretical calculations.This is likely due to the uncontrolled nucleation states and pronounced Sn(Ⅳ)vacancies.With insights into the methodologies resolving both issues,ligand engineering-assisted perovskite film fabrication dictates the state-of-the-art Sn-based PSCs.Herein,we summarize the role of ligand engineering during each state of film fabrication,ranging from the starting precursors to the ending fabricated bulks.The incorporation of ligands to suppress Sn~(2+)oxidation,passivate bulk defects,optimize crystal orientation,and improve stability is discussed,respectively.Finally,the remained challenges and perspectives toward advancing the performance of Sn-based PSCs are presented.We expect this review can draw a clear roadmap to facilitate Sn-based PSCs via ligand engineering.

关键词： Perovskite Solar cells Lead-free Ligand engineering Defects Stability

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Slippery quartz surfaces for anti‐fouling optical windows

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液滴(英文) 2023年第1期2卷 47-55页

作者： Minjing Li Tongzhen Yang Qing Yang Shaokun Wang Zheng Fang Yang Cheng xun hou Feng Chen School of Mechanical Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology for Information School of Electronic Science and EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina

The surface of camera‐based medical devices is easily smeared by blood and fog during the surgical procedure,causing visual field loss and bringing great distress to both doctors and patients.In this article,a slippery liquid‐infused porous surface(SLIPS)on a quartz window surface that can repel various liquids,especially blood droplets is reported.A femtosecond laser pulse train was used to create periodic microhole structures on the silica surface.The subsequent low surface energy treatment and lubricant infusion led to the successful preparation of a slippery surface.Such blood‐repellent windows exhibited high transparency,great antifogging,and antibacterial properties.In addition,the slippery ability of the as‐prepared surface exhibited outstanding stability since the surface could withstand harsh treatments/environments,such as repeated pipette scratches and immersion in different pH solutions.The as‐prepared millimeter‐sized quartz samples with SLIPS were attached to the endoscope lens as a protective coating and could maintain high visibility after repeated immersion in blood.We believe that the coating developed in this study will provide inspiration for the design of next‐generation endoscopes or other camera‐guided devices that will resist fouling,keep clear vision,and reduce operation time,thus offering great potential applications in lesion diagnosis and therapy.

关键词： quartz fouling visibility

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椭圆鞍形单层正交索网结构解析计算方法与形态优化

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工程力学 2024年第1期41卷 103-113页

作者：王博厚孙逊方立新东南大学土木工程学院江苏南京210096 东南大学建筑设计研究院有限公司江苏南京210096 东南大学建筑学院江苏南京210096

常见的单层正交索网结构由马鞍面和椭圆柱面相切而成,该类型结构在国内外的大型场馆、公共建筑中得到广泛应用。该文提出一种连续化解析计算方法,以求解椭圆鞍形单层正交索网结构的变形、内力和最优形态,求解过程中仅需解一元方程。计... 详细信息

常见的单层正交索网结构由马鞍面和椭圆柱面相切而成,该类型结构在国内外的大型场馆、公共建筑中得到广泛应用。该文提出一种连续化解析计算方法,以求解椭圆鞍形单层正交索网结构的变形、内力和最优形态,求解过程中仅需解一元方程。计算方法利用平衡方程、变形协调方程,以竖向位移为未知量,推导了正交单层索网连续化计算公式,采用伽辽金法求得近似解。在此基础上,以外环梁平面内弯矩最小为优化目标,以中央承重索垂度为优化变量,以索力、竖向位移和矢跨比为约束条件,利用外环梁弯矩计算公式,通过求解方程得到结构的最优形态并给出优化流程。最后对一个简单算例分别采用有限元法与解析法计算,验证了解析法所得位移、索力、外环弯矩和形态优化结果的准确性。在结构初步设计阶段,利用该解析计算方法,可快速得到荷载态下结构的位移、受力情况和最优形态,避免了有限元法编程、反复试算的繁杂过程。

关键词：单层索网结构解析解连续化理论形态优化有限元

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Clinical outcomes of asymptomatic low-grade esophagitis:results from a multicenter Chinese cohort

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Gastroenterology Report 2022年第1期10卷 507-512页

作者： Songfeng Chen Xuelian Xiang Xiaohao Zhang Qianjun Zhuang Niandi Tan xun hou Mengyu Zhang Junnan Hu Chaofan Duan Yi Cui Jinhui Wang Xiangbin Xing Nina Zhang Yinglian Xiao Department of Gastroenterology The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China Department of Gastroenterology Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiP.R.China Gastrointestinal Surgery Center The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China Department of Gastroenterology The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingJiangsuP.R.China

Background:Asymptomatic low-grade(Los Angeles Classification Grades A and B)esophagitis is common in clinical practice with unclear clinical outcomes.This study aimed to explore the clinical outcomes of asymptomatic low-grade esophagitis.Methods:This was a multicenter cohort study conducted by three academic hospitals in China.Asymptomatic low-grade esophagitis patients between January 2015 and December 2019 were included.Mucosal healing condition 1year after initial diagnosis,symptomoutcomes,and proton-pump inhibitor(PPI)use within 1year after initial diagnosis were studied and compared.Results:A total of 248 asymptomatic low-grade esophagitis patients were included.Esophagitis disappeared in 76.2%of patients 1 year after initial diagnosis.In terms of symptom outcomes,89.9%of patients did not present gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD)symptoms within 1 year after initial diagnosis.No significant difference was found in the proportion of patients who presented GERD symptoms and in the proportion of patients with persistent esophagitis between the PPI group and the non-PPI group(all P>0.05).Patients with initial Grade B esophagitis were more likely to present follow-up GERD symptoms(16.0%vs 7.5%,P=0.041)and had more severe follow-up esophagitis than those with Grade A(Phout.Conclusions:This study demonstrated that asymptomatic low-grade esophagitis had relatively benign clinical outcomes.Patients with initial Grade B esophagitis and patients with follow-up GERD symptoms were more likely to be those who are in genuine need of further follow-up and treatments.

关键词： esophagitis asymptomatic proton-pump inhibitor symptom mucosal

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Remote,selective,and in situ manipulation of liquid droplets on a femtosecond laser-structured superhydrophobic shape-memory polymer by near-infrared light

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Science China Chemistry 2021年第5期64卷 861-872页

作者： Xue Bai Jiale Yong Chao Shan Yao Fang xun hou Feng Chen State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology for Information School of Electronic Science and EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

Droplet manipulation plays a significant role in the fields of biomedical detection,microfluidics,and chemical engineering.However,it still remains a great challenge to simultaneously achieve remote,selective,and in situ droplet manipulation on the same surface.Here,Fe_(3)O_(4)nanoparticles were doped in a shape-memory polymer(SMP)to prepare a photothermal-responsive Fe_(3)O_(4)-SMP composite which showed remarkable near-infrared(NIR)light-triggered shape-memory property.Superhydrophobic micropillar array was constructed on such Fe_(3)O_(4)-SMP composite through femtosecond laser microfabrication and fluoroalkylsilane modification.The surface wettability of the as-prepared surface can transform from a low-adhesive sliding state to a high-adhesive pinning state as the micropillars are deformed by pressing.Interestingly,the deformed micropillars can stand up and restore to their original morphology under remote NIR light irradiation,resulting in the reversible and repeatable recovery of the ultralow-adhesive superhydrophobicity.With such light-triggered wettability switching,the droplets pinning on the sample surface can be remotely,selectively,and in situ released.Furthermore,the superhydrophobic Fe_(3)O_(4)-SMP surface is successfully applied in lossless liquid transfer,selective droplet release,and droplet-based microreactor.The as-fabricated superhydrophobic surfaces with NIR light-controlled reversible wettability will hold great promise in the fields of liquid manipulation,lab-on-a-chip,and microfluidics.

关键词： droplet manipulation superhydrophobicity shape-memory polymer femtosecond laser light responsive

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Recent progress of parameter-adjustable high-power photonic microwave generation based on wide-bandgap photoconductive semiconductors

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第1期22卷 113-122页

作者：荀涛牛昕玥王朗宁张斌姚金妹易木俣杨汉武侯静刘金亮张建徳 College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Nanhu Laser Laboratory National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China

Radio frequency/microwave-directed energy sources using wide bandgap SiC photoconductive semiconductors have attracted much attention due to their unique advantages of high-power output and multi-parameter adjustable ability.Over the past several years,benefitting from the sustainable innovations in laser technology and the significant progress in materials technology,megawatt-class output power electrical pulses with a flexible frequency in the P and L microwave wavebands have been achieved by photoconductive semiconductor devices.Here,we mainly summarize and review the recent progress of the high-power photonic microwave generation based on the SiC photoconductive semiconductor devices in the linear modulation mode,including the mechanism,system architecture,critical technology,and experimental demonstration of the proposed high-power photonic microwave sources.The outlooks and challenges for the future of multi-channel power synthesis development of higher power photonic microwave using wide bandgap photoconductors are also discussed.

关键词： high-power photonic microwave wide bandgap photoconductive semiconductor devices linear modulation multi-parameter adjustable microwave generation multi-channel power synthesis

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Guiding magnetic liquid metal for flexible circuit

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2021年第2期3卷 114-123页

作者： Chengjun Zhang Qing Yang Jiale Yong Chao Shan Jingzhou Zhang xun hou Feng Chen School of Mechanical Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology for Information School of Electronics and Information EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049People’s Republic of China The International Joint Research Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049People’s Republic of China

Liquid metal(LM) has potential applications in flexible electronics due to its high electrical conductivity and high flexibility. However, common methods of printing LM circuits on soft substrates lack controllability, precision, and the ability to repair a damaged circuit. In this paper, we propose a method that uses a magnetic field to guide a magnetic LM(MLM) droplet to print and repair a flexible LM circuit on a femtosecond(fs) laser-patterned silicone surface.After mixing magnetic iron(Fe) particles into LM, the movement of the resultant MLM droplet could be controlled by a magnetic field. A patterned structure composed of the untreated flat domain and the LM-repellent rough microstructure produced by fs laser ablation was prepared on the silicone substrate. As an MLM droplet was guided onto the designed pattern, a soft LM circuit with smooth, uniform, and high-precision LM lines was obtained. Interestingly, the MLM droplet could also be guided to repair the circuit broken LM lines, and the repaired circuit maintained its original electrical properties. A flexible tensile sensor was prepared based on the printed LM circuit, which detected the bending degree of a finger.

关键词： liquid metal flexible circuit femtosecond laser magnetic control supermetalphobic microstructure

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