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盐碱胁迫对植物的影响及抗性机制研究进展

寒旱农业科学 2024年第7期3卷 593-599页

作者：贾秀苹王莹卯旭辉柳延涛王兴珍甘肃省农业科学院作物研究所甘肃兰州730070 酒泉市农业科学研究院甘肃酒泉735000 新疆农垦科学院作物研究所新疆石河子832000

盐碱胁迫是仅次于干旱胁迫抑制植物生长发育的主要非生物胁迫之一,不仅影响植物的生长发育,而且对农业生产和生态环境造成严重威胁。研究植物的耐盐碱机制,对耐盐碱作物选育及盐碱地的开发利用具有重要的现实意义。结合近年来国内外的... 详细信息

盐碱胁迫是仅次于干旱胁迫抑制植物生长发育的主要非生物胁迫之一,不仅影响植物的生长发育,而且对农业生产和生态环境造成严重威胁。研究植物的耐盐碱机制,对耐盐碱作物选育及盐碱地的开发利用具有重要的现实意义。结合近年来国内外的相关研究总结性阐述了盐碱胁迫对植物代谢的伤害(包括离子伤害、膜系统伤害、诱导渗透伤害等)机制,并从膜系统保护以及诱导基因表达方面综述了植物对盐碱胁迫的缓解机制,进而提出外源物质的导入、生物技术手段、耐盐碱品种培育是解决植物抗盐碱的主要手段。最后就植物适应盐碱胁迫方面的研究进行了展望,指出了当前研究者需要解决的问题和突破口,旨在为提高植物耐盐碱能力、增加作物产量提供一定的理论依据。

关键词：盐碱胁迫植物伤害抗盐碱机制技术手段

SWMM-based methodology for block-scale LID-BMPs planning based on site-scale multi-objective optimization： a case study in Tianjin

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2017年第4期11卷 51-62页

作者： Te Xu Haifeng Jia Zheng Wang xuhui mao Changqing Xu School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

Low impact development type of best management practices （LID-BMPs） aims to mitigate urban stormwater runoffand lessen pollutant loads in an economical and eco-friendly way and has become a global concern in modem urban stormwater management. A new methodology based on stormwater management model （SWMM） for block-scale LID-BMPs planning was developed. This method integrated LID-BMP chain layout optimization in site-scale parcels with scenario analysis in the entire block-scale urban area. Non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm （NSGA-II） was successfully coupled to SWMM through Python to complete the site-scale optimization process. Different LID scenarios of the research area were designed on the basis of the optimized LID-BMP chain layout. A multi-index evaluation that considered runoff quantity indices, pollutant loads, and construction costs simultaneously helped select the cost-effective scenario as the final planning scheme. A case study in Tianjin, China, was conducted to demonstrate the proposed methodology. Results showed that more than 75% control rate of total runoff volume, 22%-46% peak flow reduction efficiency, and more than 32% pollutant removal rate were achieved. The robustness analysis indicated that the selected final planning scheme was considerably robust with varied weight values.

关键词： Stormwater management LID-BMPs planning SWMM LID-BMP chain NSGA-II Scenario analysis

The capacitive performances of carbon obtained from the electrolysis of CO_(2) in molten carbonates: Effects of electrolysis voltage and temperature

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第12期29卷 418-424页

作者： Diyong Tang Yanpeng Dou Huayi Yin xuhui mao Wei Xiao Dihua Wang School of Resource and Environmental Sciences International Cooperation Base for Sustainable Utilization of Resources and Energy in Hubei ProvinceWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072HubeiChina

The electrochemical reduction of CO2 to capacitive carbon in molten Li2 CO3–Na2 CO3–K2 CO3 is an effective strategy for capturing and utilizing CO2. This paper reports the effects of the cell voltages and operating temperatures(450–650 °C) of the molten salt electrolysis on the capacitive performance of electrolytic carbon. The electrolytic carbon delivers excellent specific capacitance when the cell voltage is 4.5 V and the temperature of molten salt is 450 °C. The carbon obtained at 450 °C and under 4.5 V delivers a specific capacitance of 550 F g^(-1) at 0.2 A g^(-1) in 1 M aqueous H2 SO4, and the capacity retention rate is73% after 10000 cycles. The specific capacitance of the electrolytic carbon increases as the electrolysis temperature decreases, and the optimal cell voltage is 4.5 V.

关键词： Carbon dioxide Electrochemical conversion Molten carbonates Carbon Supercapacitor

Enhanced electrochemical oxidation of phenol by introducing ferric ions and UV radiation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第11期20卷 1386-1391页

作者： mao, xuhui WEI, Lin HONG, Song ZHU, Hua LIN, An GAN, Fuxing School of Resource and Environmental Science Environmental Engineering Department Wuhan University Wuhan 430079 China

The mineralization of phenol in aerated electrochemical oxidation has been *** results show that a cathodic Fenton process can occur when the Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni alloy material is used as cathode in solution containing ferric or ferrous ions; moreover,the reinforcement of cathodic Fenton process on the total organic carbon (TOC) removal rate of phenol is quite *** the metallic ions investigated,the ferric ion is the best catalyst for the electrochemical mineralization of phenol at initial...

关键词： mineralization phenol electrochemical oxidation cathodic Fenton process UV radiation

Understanding the electrode reaction process of dechlorination of 2,4-dichlorophenol over Ni/Fe nanoparticles: Effect of pH and 2,4-dichlorophenol concentration

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第10期31卷 13-20页

作者： Kaiyuan Zheng Yuqiao Song Xu Wang Xin Li xuhui mao Dihua Wang School of Resources and Environmental Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430079 China Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy Wuhan University Wuhan 430079China

Herein,with the exploitation of iron and nickel electrodes,the 2,4-dichlorophenol(2,4-DCP)dechlorinating processes at the anode and cathode,respectively,were separately studied via various electrochemical techniques(e.g.,Tafel polarization,linear polarization,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy).With this in mind,Ni/Fe nanoparticles were prepared by chemical solution deposition,and utilized to test the dechlorination activities of 2,4-DCP over a bimetallic *** the iron anode,the results showed that higher 2,4-DCP concentration and solution acidity aggravated the corrosion within the *** charge transfer resistance(Rct)values of the iron electrode were 703,473,444,and 437Ω·cm2 for the initial 2,4-DCP concentrations of0,20,50,and 80 mg/L,*** the bulk pH of the 2,4-DCP solution varied from 3.0,5.0to 7.0,the corresponding Rct values were 315,376,and 444Ω·cm2,*** the nickel cathode,the reduction current densities on the electrode at-0.75 V(*** calomel electrode)were 80,106,and 111μA/cm2,for initial 2,4-DCP concentrations of 40,80,and125 mg/*** dechlorination experiments demonstrated that when the initial pH of the solution was 7.0,5.0,and 3.0,the dechlorination percentage of 2,4-DCP by Ni/Fe nanoparticles was 62%,69%,and 74%,respectively,which was in line with the electrochemical experiments.10 wt.%Ni loading into Ni/Fe bimetal was affordable and gave a good dechlorination efficiency of 2,4-DCP,and fortunately the Ni/Fe nanoparticles remained comparatively stable in the dechlorination processes at pH 3.0.

关键词： 2,4-Dichlorophenol(2,4-DCP) Dechlorination Corrosion Catalytic hydrogenation Ni/Fe particles

Combination of steam-enhanced extraction and electrical resistance heating for efficient remediation of perchloroethylene-contaminated soil:Coupling merits and energy consumption

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022年第11期16卷 249-260页

作者： Rui Yue Zhikang Chen Liujun Liu Lipu Yin Yicheng Qiu Xianhui Wang Zhicheng Wang xuhui mao School of Resource and Environmental Sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430079China China State Science Dingshi Environmental Engineering Company Beijing 100020China

In situ thermal desorption(ISTD)technology effectively remediates soil contaminated by dense nonaqueous phase liquids(DNAPLs).However,more efforts are required to minimize the energy consumption of ISTD *** study developed a laboratory-scale experimental device to explore the coupling merits of two traditional desorption technologies:steam-enhanced extraction(SEE)and electrical resistance heating(ERH).The results showed that injecting high-density steam(>1 g/min)into loam or clay with relatively high moisture content(>13.3%)could fracture the soil matrix and lead to the occurrence of the preferential flow of *** ERH alone,the electrical resistance and soil moisture loss were critical factors influencing heating *** ERH and SEE were combined,preheating soil by ERH could increase soil permeability,effectively alleviating the problem of preferential flow of ***,steam injection heated the soil and provided moisture for maintaining soil electrical conductivity,thereby ensuring power stability in the ERH *** with ERH alone(8 V/cm)and SEE alone(1 g/min steam),the energy consumption of combined method in remediating perchloroethylene-contaminated soil was reduced by 39.3%and 52.9%,*** findings indicate that the combined method is more favorable than ERH or SEE alone for remediating DNAPL-contaminated subsurfaces when considering ISTD technology.

关键词： Steam-enhanced extraction Electrical resistance heating Dense nonaqueous phase liquid Soil remediation Energy consumption

Alternating Pulse Current in Eiectrocoagulation for Wastewater Treatment to Prevent the Passivation of Al Electrode

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2008年第2期23卷 239-241页

作者： mao xuhui HONG Song ZHU Hua LIN Hui WEI Lin GAN Fuxing School of Resource ＆ Environmental Science Wuhan University Wuhan 430079China State Key Laboratory of Metal Corrosion and Protection Chinese Academy of Science Shenyang 110015 China

A novel current feed style, alternating pulse current, was proposed in electrocoagulation aiming at preventing the passivation of electrode materials. The open circuit potential （OCP） measurements after anodic and cathodic potentiodynamic polarization showed that cathodic polarization could activate Al electrode. The surface of Al electrode after alternating pulse current electrocoagulation was investigated by scanning electron microscope （SEM） and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）, and the results indicate that passivation of Al is not observed. Furthermore, the simulated wastewater treatment tests show that alternating pulse current electrocoagulation has a visible energy saving effect and is worthy of generalization.

关键词： alternating pulse current electrocoagulation passivation of Al

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群体感应调控有机污染物生物降解研究进展

环境工程技术学报 2023年第5期13卷 1686-1693页

作者：余晓龙毛旭辉郑焰南方科技大学环境科学与工程学院武汉大学资源与环境科学学院

有机污染物的生物降解效果受微生物活性影响,群体感应是微生物控制其生理活性的重要机制。在有机污染物生物降解过程中,群体感应对关键降解酶的合成、生物膜的形成以及菌群结构的调控等产生影响。直接投加群体感应信号分子或能产生信号... 详细信息

有机污染物的生物降解效果受微生物活性影响,群体感应是微生物控制其生理活性的重要机制。在有机污染物生物降解过程中,群体感应对关键降解酶的合成、生物膜的形成以及菌群结构的调控等产生影响。直接投加群体感应信号分子或能产生信号分子的菌剂可促进群体感应调控,提高污染物降解率,但pH、温度、群体感应淬灭菌、纳米颗粒物等环境因素可影响群体感应的活性。当前,群体感应调控有机污染物生物降解的研究尚处于起步阶段。综述了相关研究进展,介绍了群体感应对有机污染物生物降解的影响机理,归纳了强化群体感应调控的方式和影响群体感应活性的主要环境因素,并对其应用前景进行了展望。

关键词：群体感应生物降解多环芳烃(PAHs) 信号分子调控机制

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原位电阻加热修复热传递模型构建及数值模拟

环境工程学报 2022年第8期16卷 2653-2662页

作者：陈智康岳瑞刘柳君尹立普毛旭辉武汉大学资源与环境科学学院武汉430079 中科鼎实环境工程有限公司北京100101

原位电阻加热(Electrical resistance heating,ERH)技术在场地修复中工艺参数的选取较多依赖于工程经验,ERH热量传递的数值模型能够模拟不同工艺参数下土壤加热的温度场,从而为ERH工艺参数的选取提供理论指导。利用电阻加热土柱装置实... 详细信息

原位电阻加热(Electrical resistance heating,ERH)技术在场地修复中工艺参数的选取较多依赖于工程经验,ERH热量传递的数值模型能够模拟不同工艺参数下土壤加热的温度场,从而为ERH工艺参数的选取提供理论指导。利用电阻加热土柱装置实验验证了建立的数值模型的准确性,并应用在场地尺度下探讨了电场强度、电极间距和地下水流动对原位三相电阻加热的影响。结果表明,模型具有较好的准确性,实测值和模拟值均方误差为0.05~12.29,平均相对误差为0.42%~5.32%。随着电场强度越大,土壤升温速率显著加快;电场强度90 V·m^(−1)时,综合考虑电极井建设数量、加热时长及能耗,最适宜的电极间距为6 m;对电极附近补水可以显著缩短加热时长。较快的地下水流动会降低场地升温速率,不利于场地的修复;对于地下水流速过快的场地应采取适当的工程措施缓解热量流失。本研究结果可为原位电阻加热工程的设计和运行提供参考。

关键词：土壤修复原位电阻加热数值模拟热量传递电场强度电极间距地下水