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Two-Layer Attention Feature Pyramid Network for Small Object Detection

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第10期141卷 713-731页

作者： Sheng Xiang Junhao Ma Qunli shang Xianbao Wang Defu Chen College of Information Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou310023China Binjiang Cyberspace Security Institute of ZJUT Hangzhou310056China

Effective small object detection is crucial in various applications including urban intelligent transportation and pedestrian ***,small objects are difficult to detect accurately because they contain less *** current methods,particularly those based on Feature Pyramid Network(FPN),address this challenge by leveraging multi-scale feature ***,existing FPN-based methods often suffer from inadequate feature fusion due to varying resolutions across different layers,leading to suboptimal small object *** address this problem,we propose the Two-layerAttention Feature Pyramid Network(TA-FPN),featuring two key modules:the Two-layer Attention Module(TAM)and the Small Object Detail Enhancement Module(SODEM).TAM uses the attention module to make the network more focused on the semantic information of the object and fuse it to the lower layer,so that each layer contains similar semantic information,to alleviate the problem of small object information being submerged due to semantic gaps between different *** the same time,SODEM is introduced to strengthen the local features of the object,suppress background noise,enhance the information details of the small object,and fuse the enhanced features to other feature layers to ensure that each layer is rich in small object information,to improve small object detection *** extensive experiments on challenging datasets such as Microsoft Common Objects inContext(MSCOCO)and Pattern Analysis Statistical Modelling and Computational Learning,Visual Object Classes(PASCAL VOC)demonstrate the validity of the *** results show a significant improvement in small object detection accuracy compared to state-of-theart detectors.

关键词： Small object detection two-layer attention module small object detail enhancement module feature pyramid network

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Freestanding MoSe_(2)nanoflowers for superior Li/Na storage properties

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Tungsten 2024年第1期6卷 238-247页

作者： Qiao Cu Chao-Qun shang Guo-Fu Zhou Xin Wang Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China School of Materials Science and Engineering and Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China International Academy of Optoelectronics at Zhaoqing South China Normal UniversityZhaoqing 526060China

MoSe_(2),with high theoretical specific capacity,has attracted a lot of *** remains an open challenge to effectively suppress the irreversible selenium dissolution and rapid capacity decrease induced by severe volume change during ***,we synthesize MoSe_(2)nanoflowers dispersed on one-dimensional(1D)N-doped carbon nanofibers(MoSe_(2)@NCNFs)for use as a freestanding *** this unique structure,the 1D N-doped carbon nanofibers are found to not only enhance the conductivity but also ensure the structural integrity during the Li^(+)/Na^(+)insertion/destraction *** expected,at 2 A·g^(-1),the specific capacity of the MoSe_(2)@NCNFs is maintained at 180 mAh·g^(-1)after 500 cycles when used in lithium storage ***,in the case of sodium storage,at 1 A·g^(-1),the MoSe_(2)@NCNFs shows a capacity of 122mAh·g^(-1)after 500 *** findings suggest that the MoSe_(2)@NCNF electrodes may be a promising candidate for use in reversible Li/Na storage applications.

关键词： Li/Na storage Freestanding electrode MoSe_(2) Electrochemical reaction kinetics Structural integrity

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Application of Isogeometric Analysis Method in Three-Dimensional Gear Contact Analysis

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第4期139卷 817-846页

作者： Long Chen Yan Yu Yanpeng shang Zhonghou Wang Jing Zhang School of Mechanical Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai200093China Zhejiang Fine-Motion Robot Joint Technology Co. Ltd.Taizhou317600China

Gears are pivotal in mechanical drives,and gear contact analysis is a typically difficult problem to *** isogeometric analysis(IGA)methods have developed new ideas to solve this *** this paper,a threedimensional body parametric gear model of IGA is established,and a theoretical formula is derived to realize single-tooth contact *** were benchmarked against those obtained from commercial software utilizing the finite element analysis(FEA)method to validate the accuracy of our *** findings indicate that the IGA-based contact algorithmsuccessfullymet theHertz contact *** juxtaposed with the FEA approach,the IGAmethod demonstrated fewer node degrees of freedomand reduced computational units,all whilemaintaining comparable ***,the IGA method appeared to exhibit consistency in analysis accuracy irrespective of computational unit density,and also significantlymitigated non-physical oscillations in contact stress across the tooth *** underscores the prowess of IGA in contact *** conclusion,IGA emerges as a potent tool for addressing contact analysis challenges and holds significant promise for 3D gear modeling,simulation,and optimization of various mechanical components.

关键词： Contact analysis involute gear isogeometric analysis finite element analysis

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In-situ measurement via the flow-through method and numerical simulations for radon exhalation during measurements of the radon exhalation rate

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第7期35卷 192-207页

作者： Ming Xia Yong-Jun Ye Shan-Wei shang Ting Yu Dai-Jia Chen School of Resources Environment and Safety Engineering University of South ChinaHengyang421001China Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy University of South ChinaHengyang421001China

Small-scale measurements of the radon exhalation rate using the flow-through and closed-loop methods were conducted on the surface of a uranium tailing pond to better understand the differences between the two *** abnormal radon exhalation behavior was observed,leading to computational fluid dynamics(CFD)-based simulations in which dynamic radon migration in a porous medium and accumulation chamber was *** on the in-situ experimental and numerical simulation results,variations in the radon exhalation rate subject to permeability,flow rate,and insertion depth were quantified and *** in-situ radon exhalation rates measured using the flow-through method were higher than those measured using the closed-loop method,which could be explained by the negative pressure difference between the inside and outside of the chamber during the *** consistency of the variations in the radon exhalation rate between the experiments and simulations suggests the reliability of CFD-based techniques in obtaining the dynamic evolution of transient radon exhalation rates for diffusion and convection at the porous medium-air *** synergistic effects of the three factors(insertion depth,flow rate,and permeability)on the negative pressure difference and measured exhalation rate were quantified,and multivariate regression models were established,with positive correlations in most cases;the exhalation rate decreased with increasing insertion depth at a permeability of 1×10^(−11) m^(2).CFD-based simulations can provide theoretical guidance for improving the flow-through method and thus achieve accurate measurements.

关键词： Radon exhalation Flow-through Numerical simulation Accumulation chamber Multivariate regression

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Efficient elimination of carbamazepine using polyacrylonitrile-supported pyridine bridged iron phthalocyanine nanofibers by activating peroxymonosulfate in dark condition

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 224-236页

作者： Zhexin Zhu Wenjie Qian Zhiguo shang Xiaoji Ma Zhendong Wang Wangyang Lu Wenxing Chen National Engineering Lab for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology(Zhejiang) Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310018China

The monoaminotrinitro iron phthalocyanine(FeMATNPc)is used to connect with isonicotinic acid(INA)for amide bonding and axial coordination to synthetic a unique catalyst FeMATNPc-INA,which is loaded in polyacrylonitrile(PAN)nanofibers by *** introduction of INA destroys theπ-πconjugated stack structure in phthalocyanine molecules and exposes more active *** FeMATNPc-INA structure is characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and UV-visible absorption spectrum,and the FeMATNPcINA/PAN structure is characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray *** FeMATNPc-INA/PAN can effectively activate peroxymonosulfate(PMS)to eliminate carbamazepine(CBZ)within 40 minutes(PMS 1.5 mmol/L)in the *** effects of catalyst dosage,PMS concentration,pH and inorganic anion on the degradation of CBZ are *** has been confirmed by electron paramagnetic resonance,gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy and free radical capture experiments that the catalytic system is degraded by·OH,SO4^(·-)and Fe(IV)=O are the major active species,the singlet oxygen(^(1)O_(2))is the secondary active *** degradation process of CBZ is analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and the aromatic compounds have been degraded to small molecular acids.

关键词： Pyridine bridged iron phthalocyanine Isonicotinic chloride hydrochloride Efficient elimination Peroxymonosulfate activation Degradation pathway

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High-precision parallel computing model of solute transport based on GPU acceleration

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2024年第1期36卷 202-212页

作者： shang-hong Zhang Rong-qi Zhang Wen-da Li Xi-yan Yang Yang Zhou School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China Hubei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Yangtze and Hydroelectric Science China Yangtze Power Co.Ltd.Yichang443133China

The scenario simulation analysis of water environmental emergencies is very important for risk prevention and control,and emergency *** quickly and accurately simulate the transport and diffusion process of high-intensity pollutants during sudden environmental water pollution events,in this study,a high-precision pollution transport and diffusion model for unstructured grids based on Compute Unified Device Architecture(CUDA)is *** finite volume method of a total variation diminishing limiter with the Kong proposed r-factor is used to reduce numerical diffusion and oscillation errors in the simulation of pollutants under sharp concentration conditions,and graphics processing unit acceleration technology is used to improve computational *** advection diffusion process of the model is verified numerically using two benchmark cases,and the efficiency of the model is evaluated using an engineering *** results demonstrate that the model perform well in the simulation of material transport in the presence of sharp ***,it has high computational *** acceleration ratio is 46 times the single-thread acceleration effect of the original *** efficiency of the accelerated model meet the requirements of an engineering application,and the rapid early warning and assessment of water pollution accidents is achieved.

关键词： Pollution transport and diffusion model parallel computing Compute Unified Device Architecture(CUDA) pollution event

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Degradation of Rhodamine B by MnFe-LDH/PMS/O_(3) three-phase catalytic system: performance, mechanism and ecotoxicity studies

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第1期18卷 111-127页

作者： Ying Han Ying Yang Weibao Liu Yilong Hou Ce Wang Jiangwei shang Xiuwen Cheng Key Laboratory of Pollutant Chemistry and Environmental Treatment College of Chemistry and Environmental ScienceYili Normal UniversityYining 835000China Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control of Gansu Province College of Earth and Environmental SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

This study developed a novel MnFe-LDH/PMS/O3 three-phase catalytic system to degrade the organic dye RhB, which was used to address the drawbacks of persulfate oxidation and ozonation techniques. The structure, ionic and elemental composition, specific surface area, and magnetic properties of the LDHs were investigated using a variety of physicochemical characterization tools. The results showed that MnFe-LDH had a large specific surface area, a rich crystalline phase composition, and a functional group structure. The RhB degradation rate of MnFe-LDH/PMS/O3 was 0.34 min−1, which was much higher than that of other comparative systems. RhB could be completely degraded in 10 min after optimization and had a significant effect on TOC removal. The system was found to be effective over a wide pH range. Common anions were largely unaffected and humic acid acted as an inhibitor. At the same time, the system had generally effective degradation performance for different dyes. Combined with quenching experiments and EPR, it was found that SO4•−, •OH, O_(2)•−, and 1O_(2) all participated in the reaction, and •OH contributed more. The degradation pathway of RhB was derived by LC-MS, and the T.E.S.T. evaluation found that the toxicity of the intermediate product was significantly reduced. Finally, the stability and availability of LDHs were verified using cycling experiments and metal ion leaching. This work provides a theoretical basis and data support for the synergistic catalysis of PMS/O3 and the deep treatment of dye wastewater.

关键词： Rhodamine B Layered double hydroxides Peroxymonosulfate Ozonation

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Weizmannia coagulans:an ideal probiotic for gut health

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第1期13卷 16-26页

作者： Shiqi Zhang Pinglan Li Suwon Lee Yu Wang Chunming Tan Nan shang Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy Ministry of EducationCollege of Food Science and Nutritional EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Coree Beijing Co. Ltd.Beijing 101312China Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality Department of Nutrition and HealthChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China College of Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

Weizmannia coagulans(formerly Bacillus coagulans)is a spore-forming and lactic acid-producing *** has recently attracted much attention from researchers and food manufacturers due to its probiotic functions and stability in processing and *** is capable of improving gut health through the regulation of gut microbiota,modulation of immunity,and improving digestibility and ***,germinated cells and metabolites of *** modulate the gut micro-environment and further affect other *** is an environment-friendly probiotic since it can contribute to the host by reconstructing the balance of gut microbiota and only temporarily resides in the intestine after *** has been generally recognized as safe(GRAS)by the US Food and Drug Administration(FDA),thus it is an ideal probiotic for improving gut *** merit of its stability in processing and storage provides *** spores many possibilities for its use in various types of functional *** review presents an overview of the characteristics of *** that make it an ideal probiotic candidate and highlights the proposed health benefits with scientific evidence conferred by the administration of ***.

关键词： Weizmannia coagulans Spore former Probiotics Microbiota Gut disorders

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Effect of biochar application on rice,wheat,and corn seedlings in hydroponic culture

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 379-390页

作者： Yingjie Yin Jikai Li Sihang Zhu Qing Chen Chong Chen Yukui Rui Jianying shang College of Land Science and Technology China Agricultural UniversityKey Laboratory of Plant-Soil InteractionsMinistry of Educationand Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation in North ChinaMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100193China Agricultural Management Institute Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 102208China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and RemediationBeijing 100193China

In recent years,biochar has attracted considerable attention for soil quality improvement and carbon sequestration due to its unique physicochemical ***,the mechanism by which biochar application negatively affects the growth of crop seedlings has not been fully *** this study,a hydroponic experiment was conducted to evaluate the response of rice,wheat,and corn seedlings to biochar application(CK,0 g/L;BC1,0.5 g/L;and BC2,1.0 g/L).Compared with the CK treatment,the BC1 and BC2 treatments decreased the fresh shoot and root weights of rice and corn seedlings(P0.05).For the contents of nutrient elements in seedlings,both BC1 and BC2 treatments hindered the roots from absorbing Fe and Cu and increased the uptake of Ca and *** with the CK treatment,the translocation factor(TF)values of Ca,Mn,and Zn were significantly decreased especially in rice seedlings(35.3%-36.8%,68.7%-76.5%,and 29.8%-22.0%,respectively)under the BC1 and BC2 treatments,while only Mn was significantly decreased in wheat and corn seedlings(P<0.05).Transmission electron microscope(TEM)analysis of root cross-sections showed that nano-sized biochar particles(10~23 nm)were found in the root cells under BC2 treatment *** findings reveal that a large amount of biochar application can reduce nutrient absorption and translocation,and hinder rice,wheat,and corn seedlings,particularly rice seedling,in hydroponic system.

关键词： Biochar Toxicity Seedling growth Hydroponic cultivation

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Discharge evolution law of debris flow based on a sharp bend physical modeling test

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第6期21卷 1904-1915页

作者： LU Ming SUN Hao LIU Jinfeng Abrar HUSSAIN shang Yuqi FU Hang Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Process Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

For the basins with debris flow development,its channel terrain exhibits a tortuous shape,which significantly restricts the movement of debris flows and leads to severe erosion effects on the concave ***,this study aims to analyze the shear force of debris flows within the bend *** established the relationship between the shear force and bend curvature through laboratory *** the long-term erosion by debris flows,the curvature radius of bends gradually increases,however,when this increasing trend reaches an equilibrium state with the intensity of debris flow discharge,there will be no significant change in curvature *** general,the activity pattern and discharges of debris flows would remain relatively ***,we can infer the magnitude of debris flow discharges from the terrain parameters of the bend channel.

关键词： Debris flow discharge Erosion effect Bend channel Curvature radius

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