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Comparative evaluation of the impact of GRAPES and MM5 meteorology on CMAQ prediction over Pearl River Delta, China

Particuology 2018年第5期16卷 88-97页

作者： Tao deng Yiang Chen Qilin Wan Yanxia Zhang xuejiao deng Yanyan Huang Guangfeng Dai Fei Li Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Numerical Weather Prediction China Meteorological AdministrationGuangzhou 510080China Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of EducationJoint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment ChangeCollaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisastersKey Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological AdministrationNanjing University olin formation Science &TechnologyNanjing210044China

The community multiscale air quality (CMAQ) model was used to forecast air quality over the Pearl River Delta region from December 2013 to January *** pollution forecasting performance of CMAQ coupled with two different meteorological models,i.e.,the global/regional assimilation and prediction system (GRAPES) and the fifth-generation mesoscale model (MM5),was assessed by comparison with observational *** effects of meteorological factors and physicochemical processes on the forecast results were discussed through process *** results showed that both models exhibited good performance but that of GRAPES-CMAQ was *** was superior in predicting the overall variation tendencies of meteorological fields,but it showed large deviations in atmospheric pressure and wind *** contributed to the higher correlation coefficients of the pollutants with GRAPES-CMAQ but with greater *** underestimations of nitrate and ammonium salt contributed to the underestimations of both particulate matter and extinction *** emissions made the only positive contributions to surface layer SO2,CO,and *** was found that O3 originated primarily from horizontal and vertical transport and that its consumption was predominantly via chemical ***,NO2 was found derived primarily from chemical production.

关键词： Air quality Numerical simulation Global/regional assimilation and prediction system (GRAPES) Community multiscale air quality (CMAQ) Process analysis

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Vertical distribution characteristics of PM in the surface layer of Guangzhou

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Particuology 2015年第3期13卷 3-9页

作者： xuejiao deng Fei Li Yuanhong Li Jianyong Li Hongzhi Huang Xiantong Liu Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Numerical Weather Prediction China Meteorological Administration(CMA) Guangdong Atmosphere Sounds Technology Centre

Measurements of particulate matter （PM）, i.e., PM10, PM2.5, and PM1, have been performed on the Can- ton Tower, a landmark building in Guangzhou, at heights of 121 and 454 m since November 2010, using a GRIMM 180 aerosol particle spectrometer （Germany）. Analyses of data from November 2010 to May 2013 showed that the annual average values of PM10, PM2.5, and PM 1 at the observation height of 121 m above the ground were 44.1, 38,2, and 34.9 μg/m3, respectively, and those at 454m above the ground were 35.7, 30,4, and 27.5 μg/m3, respectively. By considering the values of the secondary concentration limits given in the Ambient Air Quality Standards issued in 2012, it was observed that the annual average values of PM10 at the observation heights of 121 and 454 m, as well as those of PM2.5 at 454 m, reached those standards. Furthermore, the over-standard amplitude of the annual average value of PM2.5 at the observation height of 121 m was 9.1%. During the observation period, the maximum daily average val- ues of PM10, PM2.5, and PMI at the observation height of 121 m were 183.3, 144.8, and 123.8 μg/m3, respectively, and those at 454 m were 102.8, 92.7, and 86.4 μg/m3. The daily average values of PM10 at the observation height of 454 m were not above the standards. The over-standard frequencies of the daily average values of PM10 and PM2.5 at the observation height of 121 m were 0.6% and 10,7% respectively, and the over-standard amplitudes were 9.0% and 24.4%, respectively. The over-standard frequency of the daily average value of PM2.5 at the observation height of 454 m was 2.0%, and the over-standard amplitude was 10.4%. Accordingly, it can be stated that the air at the observation height 454 m above the ground did not reach the secondary limit of the new standards. The pollution was most serious during winter, and the air was relatively cleaner during summer, Overall, the vertical distributions of PM10, PM2.5, and PMI decreased with height. The lapse rates showed the fo

关键词： PM10PM2.5PM10ver-standardVertical distributionSurface layer

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Source Contributions to PM2.5 under Unfavorable Weather Conditions in Guangzhou City,China

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2018年第9期35卷 1145-1159页

作者： Nan WANG Zhenhao LING xuejiao deng Tao deng Xiaopu LYU Tingyuan LI Xiaorong GAO Xi CHEN Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationGuangzhou 510000China School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510000China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversiiyHong Kong 999077China Ecological Meteorology Centez Guangdong Provincial Meteorological Bureau Guangzhou 510000China Guangzhou Meteorological Observatory Guangzhou 510000China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen UniversiiyGuangzhou 510000China

Historical haze episodes（2013–16） in Guangzhou were examined and classified according to synoptic weather *** types of weather systems were found to be unfavorable, among which ＂foreside of a cold front＂（FC） and ＂sea high pressure＂（SP） were the most frequent（〉 75% of the total）. Targeted case studies were conducted based on an FC-affected event and an SP-affected event with the aim of understanding the characteristics of the contributions of source regions to fine particulate matter（PM（2.5）） in Guangzhou. Four kinds of contributions—namely, emissions outside Guangdong Province（super-region）, emissions from the Pearl River Delta region（PRD region）, emissions from Guangzhou–Foshan–Shenzhen（GFS region）, and emissions from Guangzhou（local）—were investigated using the Weather Research and Forecasting–Community Multiscale Air Quality model. The results showed that the source region contribution differed with different weather systems. SP was a stagnant weather condition, and the source region contribution ratio showed that the local region was a major contributor（37%）, while the PRD region, GFS region and the super-region only contributed 8%, 2.8% and 7%, respectively, to PM（2.5） concentrations. By contrast, FC favored regional transport. The super-region became noticeable,contributing 34.8%, while the local region decreased to 12%. A simple method was proposed to quantify the relative impact of meteorology and emissions. Meteorology had a 35% impact, compared with an impact of-18% for emissions, when comparing the FC-affected event with that of the SP. The results from this study can provide guidance to policymakers for the implementation of effective control strategies.

关键词： WRF Community Multiscale Air Quality model source contribution unfavorable weather system fine partic-ulate matter

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Attenuation of ultraviolet radiation reaching the surface due to atmospheric aerosols in Guangzhou

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2012年第21期57卷 2759-2766页

作者： deng xuejiao ZHOU XiuJi TIE XueXi WU Dui LI Fei TAN HaoBo deng Tao Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationGuangzhou 510080China Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China National Center for Atmospheric Research BoulderCO 80307USA

The UV attenuation due to atmospheric aerosols in Guangzhou was quantitatively assessed using surface ultraviolet radiation (UV,295-385 nm) observation,sun photometer and radiation *** showed that the annual average value of aerosol optical depth (AOD) was 1.19 in UV spectral region of 340 nm,the annual average occurrence frequency of aerosol optical depth AOD 340 nm >1.0 was 55%,and the annual average attenuation rate of surface UV direct radiation of 340 nm was 68%.It was proven in the observation of surface UV radiation and model evaluation that annual average attenuation of UV due to atmosphere was 75%,and that reached 72% in the dry season (October,November,December and January);while average attenuation of UV due to atmospheric aerosols reached 62% in the dry *** was indicated that very significant UV attenuations due to atmospheric aerosols existed in Guangzhou urban agglomeration,and at least half of UV radiation was attenuated due to atmospheric *** large-amplitude attenuation will have a significant impact on urban ecosystem and species chemical cycles,especially photochemical reaction processes.

关键词：紫外线辐射大气气溶胶辐射衰减表面广州气溶胶光学厚度城市生态系统化学反应过程

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Effect of atmospheric aerosol on surface ozone variation over the Pearl River Delta region

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Science China Earth Sciences 2011年第5期54卷 744-752页

作者： deng xuejiao ZHOU XiuJi WU Dui TIE XueXi TAN HaoBo LI Fei BI XueYan deng Tao JIANG DeHai Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology Key Open Laboratory for Tropical Monsoon China MeteorologicalAdministration Guangzhou 510080 China Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences CMA Beijing 100081 China National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder CO USA

Our analysis of the surface aerosol and ultraviolet （UV） measurements in Pearl River Delta （PRD） region shows that the surface UV radiation is reduced by more than 50% due to high aerosol concentrations. This has important impacts on urban ecosystem and photochemistry, especially on ozone photochemical production over the region. The quantitative effect of aerosols on surface ozone is evaluated by analyzing surface observations （including ozone, ultraviolet radiation, aerosol radiative parameters） and by using radiative and chemical models. A case study shows that the aerosol concentrations and UV radiation are significantly correlated with ozone concentrations. The correlation coefficient between the aerosol optical depth （AOD） and the PM10 mass concentration is very high, with a maximum of 0.98, and the AOD and UV radiation/ozone is anti- correlated, with a correlation coefficient of-0.90. The analysis suggests that ozone productivity is significantly decreased due to the reduction of UV radiation. The noon-time ozone maximum is considerably depressed when AOD is 0.6, and is further decreased when AOD is up to 1.2 due to the reduction of ozone photochemical productivity. Because the occurring probability of aerosol optical depth for AOD550m≥0.6 and AOD340mm ≥1.0 is 47, and 55% respectively during the dry season （October, November, December, January）, this heavy aerosol condition explains the low ozone maximum that often occurs in the dry season over the Guangzhou region. The analysis also suggests that the value of single scattering albedo （SSA） is very sensitive to the aerosol radiative effect when the radiative and chemical models are applied, implying that the value of SSA needs to be carefully studied when the models are used in calculating ozone production.

关键词： atmospheric aerosol ozone photochemical process attenuation

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Background Characteristics of Atmospheric CO2 and the Potential Source Regions in the Pearl River Delta Region of China

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2020年第6期37卷 557-568页

作者： Boru MAI xuejiao deng Fang ZHANG Hao HE Tian LUAN Fei LI Xia LIU Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationGuangzhou 510640China College of Global Change and Earth System Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081China Guangzhou Meteorological Observatory Guangzhou 511430China

Mole fractions of atmospheric CO2(XCO2)have been continuously measured from October 2014 to March 2016 at the Guangzhou Panyu Atmospheric Composition Site(23.00°N,113.21°E;140 m MSL)in the Pearl River Delta(PRD)region using a cavity ring-down *** 66.63%,19.28%,and 14.09%of the observed values were filtered as background,pollutant source,and sink due to biospheric uptake,respectively,by applying a robust local regression *** corresponding mean values were 424.12±10.12 ppm(×10-6 mol mol-1),447.83±13.63 ppm,and 408.83±7.75 *** background XCO2 levels were highest in spring and winter,moderate in autumn,and lowest in *** diurnal XCO2 was at a minimum from 1400-1600 LST(Local Standard Time)and a maximum at 0500 LST the next *** increase of XCO2 in spring and summer was mainly associated with polluted air masses from south coastal Vietnam,the South China Sea,and the southeast Pearl River *** the exception of summer,airflow primarily from marine regions southeast of Taiwan that passed over the Pearl River Estuary had a greater impact on XCO2,suggesting an important potential source region.

关键词： Pearl southeast Delta

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Aerosol Optical Properties and Radiative Impacts in the Pearl River Delta Region of China during the Dry Season

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2018年第2期35卷 195-208页

作者： Boru MAI xuejiao deng Zhanqing LI Jianjun LIU Xiang'ao XIA Huizheng CHE Xia LIU Fei LI Yu ZOU Maureen CRIBB Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology China Meteorological Administration Guangzhou 510640 China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology and College of Global Change and Earth System Science Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center and Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science University of Maryland College Park Maryland MD 20740 USA Laboratory for Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China School of Earth Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China Guangzhou Meteorological Observatory Guangzhou 511430 China

Aerosol optical properties and direct radiative effects on surface irradiance were examined using seven years （2006-2012） of Cimel sunphotometer data collected at Panyu--the main atmospheric composition monitoring station in the Pearl River Delta （PRD） region of China. During the dry season （October to February）, mean values of the aerosol optical depth （AOD） at 550 nm, the Angstrom exponent, and the single scattering albedo at 440 nm （SSA） were 0.54, 1.33 and 0.87, respectively. About 90% of aerosols were dominated by fine-mode strongly absorbing particles. The size distribution was bimodal, with fine-mode particles dominating. The fine mode showed a peak at a radius of 0.12 μm in February and October （- 0.10 μm3 μm-2）. The mean diurnal shortwave direct radiative forcing at the surface, inside the atmosphere （FATM）, and at the top of the atmosphere, was -33.4± 7.0, 26.1 ± 5.6 and -7.3 ±2.7 W m-2, respectively. The corresponding mean values of aerosol direct shortwave radiative forcing per AOD were -60.0 ±7.8, 47.3 ± 8.3 and -12.8 ±3.1 W m-2, respectively. Moreover, during the study period, FATM showed a significant decreasing trend （p 〈 0.01） and SSA increased from 0.87 in 2006 to 0.91 in 2012, suggesting a decreasing trend of absorbing particles being released into the atmosphere. Optical properties and radiative impacts of the absorbing particles can be used to improve the accuracy of inversion algorithms for satellite-based aerosol retrievals in the PRD region and to better constrain the climate effect of aerosols in climate models.

关键词： aerosol properties radiative forcing Pearl River Delta region dry season

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Compositions and sources of organic acids in fine particles(PM_(2.5)) over the Pearl River Delta region, south China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第1期26卷 110-121页

作者： Xiuying Zhao Xinming Wang Xiang Ding Quanfu He Zhou Zhang Tengyu Liu Xiaoxin Fu Bo Gao Yunpeng Wang Yanli Zhang xuejiao deng Dui Wu State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology China Meteorological Administration

Organic acids as important constituents of organic aerosols not only influence the aerosols＇ hygroscopic property, but also enhance the formation of new particles and secondary organic aerosols. This study reported organic acids including C14-C32 fatty acids, C4-C9 dicarboxylic acids and aromatic acids in PM2.5 collected during winter 2009 at six typical urban, suburban and rural sites in the Pearl River Delta region. Averaged concentrations of C14-C32 fatty acids, aromatic acids and C4- C9 dicarboxylic acids were 157, 72.5 and 50.7 ng/m3, respectively. They totally accounted for 1.7% of measured organic carbon. C20-C32 fatty acids mainly deriving from higher plant wax showed the highest concentration at the upwind rural site with more vegetation around, while Cl4-C18 fatty acids were more abundant at urban and suburban sites, and dicarboxylic acids and aromatic acids except 1,4-phthalic acid peaked at the downwind rural site. Succinic and azelaic acid were the most abundant among C4-C9 dicarboxylic acids, and 1,2-phthalic and 1,4-phthalic acid were dominant aromatic acids. Dicarboxylic acids and aromatic acids exhibited significant mutual correlations except for 1,4-phthalic acid, which was probably primarily emitted from combustion of solid wastes containing polyethylene terephthalate plastics. Spatial patterns and correlations with typical source tracers suggested that C14-C32 fatty acids were mainly primary while dicarboxylic and aromatic acids were largely secondary. Principal component analysis resolved six sources including biomass burning, natural higher plant wax, two mixed anthropogenic and two secondary sources; further multiple linear regression revealed their contributions to individual organic acids. It turned out that more than 70% of C14-C18 fatty acids were attributed to anthropogenic sources, about 50%-85% of the C20-C32 fatty acids were attributed to natural sources, 80%-95% of dicarboxylic acids and 1,2-phthalic acid were secondary in contrast wi

关键词： organic acids fine particles source apportioning the Pearl River Delta region

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Analysis of Summertime Typical Pollution in Pearl River Delta Region——Numerical Simulation of Meteorological Field

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Meteorological and Environmental Research 2014年第4期5卷 9-18页

作者： Zhang Xiaochen Liu Yiming deng xuejiao Chen Pakwai Feng Yerong Fan Qi Department of Atmospheric Science School of Environmental Science and EngineeringSun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou Institute of Tropical Marine Meteorology China Meteorological Administration The Hong Kong Observatory Guangdong Key Laboratory of Regional Numerical Forecast

Based on meteorological field and air quality observation data, air pollution process over Pearl River Delta （PRD） in August of 2012 was analyzed. There were five notable pollution processes in this month, in which four pollution processes were related to typhoon. By using meso-scale meteorological model WRF, meteorological characteristics of two pollution processes induced by tropical cyclone were contrasted and analyzed. Results showed that O9 and PMTo concentrations significantly increased in PRD region during Typhoon Haikui period （7 -8 August）, and other pollutant concentrations were also high. However, 03 and PM10 concentrations did not significantly increase during Typhoon Kai-Tak period （16 -17 August）. This kind of concentration difference between two processes was related to typhoon pathway, wind direction and velocity, atmospheric boundary layer height, vertical transport and horizontal divergence field.

关键词： PRD region Pollution characteristics Tropical cyclone WRF model China

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A novel strategy of tannery sludge disposal–converting into biochar and reusing for Cr(Ⅵ)removal from tannery wastewater

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 637-649页

作者： Zhiwei Li Di Yu Xingdong Wang xuejiao Liu Zhen Xu Yin Wang CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in BeilunNingbo 315830China Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health Ningbo Observatio

Tannery sludge with high chromium content has been identified as hazardous solid waste due to its potential toxic *** safety disposal and valorization of the tannery sludge remains a *** this study,the chromium stabilization mechanism was systematically investigated during chromium-rich tannery sludge was converted to biochar and the removal performance of the sludge biochar(SBC)for Cr(Ⅵ)from tannery wastewater was also *** results showed that increase in pyrolysis temperature was conductive to the stabilization of Cr and significant reduction of the proportion of Cr(Ⅵ)in *** was confirmed that the stabilization of chromium mainly was attributed to the embedding of chromium in the C matrix and the transformation of the chromium-containing substances from the amorphous Cr(OH)_(3)to the crystalline state,such as(FeMg)Cr_(2)O_(5).The biochar presented high adsorption capacity of Cr(Ⅵ)at low pH and the maximal theoretical adsorption capacity of SBC produced at 800°C can reach 352 mg Cr(Ⅵ)/g,the process of which can be well expressed by Langmuir adsorption isotherm and pseudo second order *** electrostatic effect and reduction reaction were dominantly responsible for the Cr(Ⅵ)adsorption by ***,this study provided a novel strategy for the harmless disposal and resource utilization for the solid waste containing chromium in leather industry.

关键词： Chromium-rich tannery sludge Pyrolysis Biochar Stabilizationmechanisms Cr(Ⅵ)adsorption

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