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Global air-sea CO_(2) exchange fl ux since 1980s: results from CMIP6 Earth System Models

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Journal of Oceanology and limnology 2022年第4期40卷 1417-1436页

作者： Baoxiao QU Jinming SONG xuegang li Huamao YUAN Kun ZHANG Suqing XU Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Laboratory Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266237China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Center for Ocean Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Key Laboratory of Global Change and Marine-Atmospheric Chemistry Third Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesXiamen 361005China

The ocean could profoundly modulate the ever-increasing atmospheric CO_(2) by air-sea CO_(2) exchange process,which is also able to cause signifi cant changes of physical and biogeochemical properties in return.In this study,we assessed the long-term average and spatial-temporal variability of global air-sea CO_(2) exchange fl ux(F CO_(2))since 1980s basing on the results of 18 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6)Earth System Models(ESMs).Our fi ndings indicate that the CMIP6 ESMs simulated global CO_(2) sink in recent three decades ranges from 1.80 to 2.24 Pg C/a,which is coincidence with the results of cotemporaneous observations.What’s more,the CMIP6 ESMs consistently show that the global oceanic CO_(2) sink has gradually intensifi ed since 1980s as well as the observations.This study confi rms the simulated F CO_(2) could reach agreements with the observations in the aspect of primary climatological characteristics,however,the simulation skills of CIMP6 ESMs in diverse open-sea biomes are unevenness.None of the 18 CMIP6 ESMs could reproduce the observed F CO_(2) increasement in the central-eastern tropical Pacifi c and the midlatitude Southern Ocean.Defi ciencies of some CMIP6 ESMs in reproducing the atmospheric pressure systems of the Southern Hemisphere and the El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)mode of the tropical Pacifi c are probably the major causes.

关键词： air-sea CO_(2)fl ux Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6) Earth System Model(ESM) long-term average spatial-temporal variability

Risk factors for early progression of diffuse low-grade glioma in adults

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Chinese Neurosurgical Journal 2023年第1期9卷 9-17页

作者： Long Wang xuegang li Tunan Chen Chao Zhang Jiantao Shi Hua Feng Fei li Department of Neurosurgery Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University(Army Medical University)Chongqing 400038China

Background:To explore the risk factors for early progression of diffuse low-grade glioma in adults.Methods:A retrospective analysis of pathologic and clinical data of patients diagnosed with diffuse low-grade gliomas at Southwest Hospital between January 2010 and December 2014.The progression-free survival(PFS)less than 60 months was classified as the early progress group,and the PFS greater than 60 months was the control group for comparative analysis.Results:A total of 138 patients were included in this study,including 94 cases of astrocytoma and 44 cases of oligodendroglioma.There were 63 cases with 100%resection,56 cases with 90-100%resection degree,and 19 cases with resection degree60 months.The two groups were compared for statistical analysis.In univariate analysis,there were significant differences in tumor subtype(p=0.005),range(p=0.011),volume(p=0.005),location(p=0.000),and extent of resection(p=0.000).Multifactor analysis shows tumor location(HR=4.549,95%CI:1.324-15.634,p=0.016)and tumor subtype(HR=3.347,95%CI=1.373-8.157,p=0.008),and imcomplete resection is factors influencing early progression of low-grade glioma.Conclusions:Low-grade gliomas involving deep location such as basal ganglia,inner capsule,and corpus callosum are more likely to progress early,while incomplete resection is a risk factor in early progression of astrocytoma.

关键词： Risk factors Early progression Low-grade glioma

Prokaryotic diversity and community composition in the surface sediments of the Changjiang River Estuary in summer

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2023年第9期42卷 113-124页

作者： Changfeng Qu Xixi Wang liping Zhang Huamao Yuan xuegang li Ning li Fushan Chen Jinlai Miao Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology First Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Qingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266042China Marine Natural Products R&D Laboratory Qingdao Key LaboratoryQingdao 266061China

Microorganisms are fundamental for the functioning of marine ecosystems and are involved in the decomposition of organic matter, transformation of nutrients and circulation of biologically-important chemicals. Based on the complexity of the natural geographic characteristics of the Changjiang River Estuary, the geographic distribution of sedimentary microorganisms and the causes of this distribution are largely unexplored. In this work, the surface sediment samples from the adjacent sea area of the Changjiang River Estuary were collected. Their prokaryotic diversity was examined by high-throughput sequencing technology, and the environmental factors of the bacterial community were investigated. The results indicated that the distribution of prokaryotic communities in the sediments of the study areas showed obvious spatial heterogeneity. The sampling sequences divided the sample regions into three distinct clusters. Each geographic region had a unique community structure, although Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, Desulfobacterota, Acidobacteriota, and Actinobacteriota all existed in these three branches. Canonical correspondence analysis demonstrated that prokaryotic diversity and community distribution were significantly correlated with the geographic location of sediment, seawater depth, and in particular, nutrient content(e.g., total phosphorus, total organic carbon and dissolved oxygen). Moreover, it was found for the first time that the metal ions obviously affected the composition and distribution of the prokaryotic community in this area. In general, this work provides new insights into the structural characteristics and driving factors of prokaryotic communities under the background of the ever-changing Changjiang River Estuary.

关键词： prokaryotic diversity 16S rRNA gene geophysicochemical factors high-throughput sequencing(HTS) Changjiang River Estuary

Compositional characteristics of sediment from Jiaozhou Bay in North China and the implication to the provenance

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Journal of Oceanology and limnology 2023年第5期41卷 1729-1741页

作者： Ziwei SUN Jin liU Yue ZHANG Jinming SONG Yuanyuan XIAO Huamao YUAN Ning li xuegang li College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering College of Marine Science and Biological EngineeringQingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266042China Public Technology Service Center Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology&Environmental Sciences Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Center for Ocean Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao 266061China Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China

Rare earth elements(REEs)can be used to trace source materials and identify their provenances,because of significant conservation and immobility during chemical alteration processes after erosion of materials from the provenance.This study focused on the temporal variation of REEs for columnar sediments from the mouth of Jiaozhou Bay in North China to understand the potential controls for the geochemical variations of sediments.Through extraction experiments,we identified that the residual fraction is the main host for REEs compared with other fractions(i.e.,exchangeable and carbonate fraction,easily reducible oxides fraction,reducible oxides fraction,magnetite fraction).REE ratios(e.g.,La_(N)/Sm_(N)and La_(N)/Yb_(N);N:normalized by chondrite)lack correlations with grain size or the chemical index of alteration(CIA),which is correlated with major elements.All these indicate that these REE variations reflect the varying contribution of source materials from different provenances instead of grain size or chemical weathering effects.REE ratios(e.g.,La_(N)/Sm_(N)and La_(N)/Yb_(N))remain relatively constant until the depth of roughly 40 cm(equivalent to the year 1995),and show obvious changes beyond this depth.Compared REE characteristics of Jiaozhou Bay with those of neighboring rivers and bedrocks,the relative contributions of Dagu River-Jiaolai River,and licun River may have been increased during the sedimentary processes,which could be caused by the construction of reservoir and related change of aquaculture(e.g.,rapid accumulation of organic materials).

关键词： Jiaozhou Bay sediments rare earth elements(REEs) sequential extraction provenance

Environmental significance of biogenic elements in surface sediments of the Changjiang Estuary and its adjacent areas

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第11期25卷 2185-2195页

作者： Yu Yu Jinming Song xuegang li Huamao Yuan Ning li liqin Duan Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Marine Science and Engineering College Qingdao Agricultural University

Biogenic elements and six phosphorus （P） fractions in surface sediments from the Changjiang Estuary and adjacent waters were determined to investigate the governing factors of these elements, and further to discuss their potential uses as paleo-environment proxies and risks of P release from sediment. Total organic carbon （TOC） and leachable organic P （Lea-OP） showed high concentrations in the estuary, Zhejiang coast and offshore upwelling area. They came from both the Changjiang River and marine biological input. Biogenic silicon （BSi） exhibited a high concentration band between 123 and 124°E. BSi mainly came from diatom production and its concentration in the inshore area was diluted by river sediment. Total nitrogen （TN） was primarily of marine biogenic origin. Seaward decreasing trends of Fe-bound P and Al-bound P revealed their terrestrial origins. Influenced by old Huanghe sediment delivered by the Jiangsu coastal current, the maximum concentration of detrital P （Det-P） was observed in the area north of the estuary. Similar high concentrations of carbonate fluorapatite （CFA-P） and CaCO3in the southern study area suggested marine calcium-organism sources of CFA-P. TOC, TN and non-apatite P were enriched in fine sediment, and Det-P partially exhibited coarse-grain enrichment, but BSi had no correlation with sediment grain size. Different sources and governing factors made biogenic elements and P species have distinct potential uses in indicating environmental conditions. Transferable P accounted for 14%-46% of total P. In an aerobic environment, there was low risk of P release from sediment, attributed to excess Fe oxides in sediments.

关键词： biogenic elements phosphorus fractions sediment source grain size effect Changjiang Estuary and adjacent waters

Petroleum hydrocarbons and their effects on fishery species in the Bohai Sea, North China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第4期23卷 553-559页

作者： Sisi Xu Jinming Song Huamao Yuan xuegang li Ning li liqin Duan Yu Yu Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Systematic studies on the changes in concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbons （PHs） and their effects on fishery species in the Bohai Sea during 1974–2004 are presented. Changes in PHs concentrations were closely related to Yellow River runoff. Concentrations of PHs accumulated in fish and shrimp increased by about 0.712 mg/kg dry weight when trophic level of fish and shrimps increased by 1. Attention should also be paid to the high PHs concentrations in mollusks along the coastal waters of the Bohai Sea. Average concentration of PHs in the adjacent coastal waters of Tianjin City during 1996–2005 decreased the population growth rates of fish, crustaceans and mollusks in the Bohai Sea by 2.58%, 6.59% and 2.33%, respectively. Therefore, PHs have significantly contributed to the decline in fisheries in the Bohai Sea, and they must be reduced to realize the sustainable fisheries.

关键词： petroleum hydrocarbons fishery resources population growth rate toxicity Bohai Sea

The increased storage of suspended particulate matter in the upper water of the tropical Western Pacific during the 2015/2016 super El Nino event

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Journal of Oceanology and limnology 2021年第5期39卷 1675-1689页

作者： Wei GAO Zhenyan WANG xuegang li Haijun HUANG CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266237China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Center for Ocean Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China

The climate variability induced by the El Nino-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)cycle drives significant changes in the physical state of the tropical Western Pacific,which has important impacts on the upper ocean carbon cycle.During 2015-2016,a super El Nino event occurred in the equatorial Pacific.Suspended particulate matter(SPM)data and related environmental observations in the tropical Western Pacific were obtained during two cruses in Dec.2014 and 2015,which coincided with the early and peak stages of this super El Nino event.Compared with the marine environments in the tropical Western Pacific in Dec.2014,an obviously enhanced upwelling occurred in the Mindanao Dome region;the nitrate concentration in the euphotic zone almo st tripled;and the size,mass concentration,and volume concentration of SPM obviously increased in Dec.2015.The enhanced upwelling in the Mindanao Dome region carried cold but eutrophic water upward from the deep ocean to shallow depths,even into the euphotic zone,which disrupted the previously N-limited conditions and induced a remarkable increase in phytoplankton blooms in the euphotic zone.The se results reveal the mechanism of how nutrient-limited ecosystems in the tropical Western Pacific respond to super El Nino events.In the context of the ENSO cycle,if predicted changes in biogenic particles occur,the proportion of carbon storage in the tropical Western Pacific is estimated to be increased by more than 52%,ultimately affecting the regional and possibly even global carbon cycle.This paper highlights the prospect for long-term prediction of the impact of a super El Nino event on the global carbon cycle and has profound implications for understanding El Nino events.

关键词： suspended particulate matter field observations tropical Western Pacific 2015/2016 super E1 Nino event ocean carbon cycle

High β-Sitosterol-D-glucoside content in sweet potato varieties and its anti-breast cancer potential through multiple metastasis-associated signals

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2023年

作者： Jinyin Zhang Lu Huang Xiang Tang Miao Pan Xiaoli Ye xuegang li Hang Ma School of life Sciences Southwest University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Southwest University

β-sitosterol-D-glucoside (β-SDG) is a phytosterol compound whose antitumor activity has been confirmed by previous studies. However， its suppression on breast cancer remains unclear. To that purpose， we isolated β-SDG from sweet potato and investigated the breast-cancer-inhibiting mechanism using proteomic analysis. The sweet potato species S6 with high β-SDG content were chosen form 36 species and β-SDG was isolated by HPLC. Afterwards， an in situ animal model of breast cancer was established， and β-SDG significantly reduced the tumor volume of MCF-7 xenograft mice. Proteomic analysis of tumor tissues revealed that 127 of these proteins were upregulated and 80 were downregulated. Gene ontology and network analysis showed that regulatory proteins were mainly associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)， myogenesis， cholesterol homeostasis， oxidative phosphorylation and reactive oxygen pathways， while Vimentin， NDUF， VDAC1， PPP2CA were the most significant 5 node degree genes. Meanwhile， in vitro and in vivo results showed that the protein expression of PP2CA and Vimentin， which are markers of EMT， were involved in breast cancer cell metastasis and could be reversed by β-SDG. This work highlights β-SDG as a bioactive compound in sweet potato and the potential therapeutic effect of β-SDG for the treatment of breast cancer by inhibiting metastasis.

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Carbon sinks/sources in the Yellow and East China Seas Air-sea interface exchange, dissolution in seawater, and burial in sediments

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Science China Earth Sciences 2018年第11期61卷 1583-1593页

作者： Jinming SONG Baoxiao QU xuegang li Huamao YUAN Ning li liqin DUAN Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China Function Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao 266237 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Center for Ocean Mega-Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China

The sinks/sources of carbon in the Yellow Sea(YS) and East China Sea(ECS), which are important continental shelf seas in China, could exert a great influence on coastal ecosystem dynamics and the regional climate change process. The CO_2 exchange process across the seawater-air interface, dissolved and particulate carbon in seawater, and carbon burial in sediments were studied to understand the sinks/sources of carbon in the continental shelf seas of China. The YS and the ECS generally have different patterns of seasonal air-sea CO_2 exchange. In the YS, regions west of 124°E can absorb CO_2 from the atmosphere during spring and winter, and release CO_2 to the atmosphere during summer and autumn. The entire YS is considered as a CO_2 source throughout the year with respect to the atmosphere, but there are still uncertainties regarding the exact air-sea CO_2 exchange flux. Surface temperature and phytoplankton production were the key controlling factors of the air-sea CO_2 exchange flux in the offshore region and nearshore region of the YS, respectively. The ECS can absorb CO_2 during spring, summer, and winter and release CO_2 to the atmosphere during autumn. The annual average exchange rate in the ECS was-4.2±3.2 mmol m^(-2) d^(-1) and it served as an obvious sink for atmospheric CO_2 with an air-sea exchange flux of 13.7×10~6 t. The controlling factors of the air-sea CO_2 exchange in the ECS varied significantly seasonally. Storage of dissolved inorganic carbon(DIC) and dissolved organic carbon(DOC) in the YS and the ECS were 425×10~6 t and 1364×10~6 t, and 28.2×10~6 t and 54.1×10~6 t,respectively. Long-term observation showed that the DOC content in the YS had a decreasing trend, indicating that the "practical carbon sink" in the YS was decreasing. The total amount of particulate organic carbon(POC) stored in the YS and ECS was10.6×10~6 t, which was comparable to the air-sea CO_2 flux in these two continental shelf seas. The amounts of carbon sequestered by phytoplankton in the YS and the ECS were 60.42×10~6 t

关键词：沉积溶解下沉采购海水接口东海碳