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Impact of Chronic Stress on Attention Control:Evidence from Behavioral and Event-Related Potential Analyses

Neuroscience Bulletin 2020年第11期36卷 1395-1410页

作者： Qingjin Liu Yong Liu xuechen leng Jinfeng Han Feng Xia Hong Chen Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality(Ministry of Education) Southwest UniversityBeibeiChongqing 400715China School of Psychology Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Southwest HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqing 40003&China

Chronic stress affects brain function,so assessing its hazards is important for mental *** overcome the limitations of behavioral data,we combined behavioral and event-related potentials(ERPs)in an attention network *** task allowed us to differentiate between three specific aspects of attention:alerting,orienting,and ***-one participants under chronic stress and 31 non-stressed participants were *** the performance level,the chronically stressed group showed a significantly slower task response and lower *** ERP measures,smaller cue-N1,cueN2,and larger cue-P3 amplitudes were found in the stressed group,indicating that this group was less able to assign attention to effective information,i.e.,they made inefficient use of cues and had difficulty in maintaining *** addition,the stressed group showed larger target-N2 amplitudes,indicating that this group needed to allocate more cognitive resources to deal with the conflict targets *** analysis revealed lower target-P3 amplitudes in the stressed than in the non-stressed *** differences associated with the attention networks were found at the ERP *** the stressed group,excessive depletion of resources led to changes in attention *** this study,we examined the effects of chronic stress on individual executive function from a neurological *** results may benefit the development of interventions to improve executive function in chronically stressed individuals.

关键词： Stress Attention Event-related potential Attention control network task

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Projections of summer light rain frequency in typical terrain over eastern China under wind speed constraint

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第6期67卷 1885-1894页

作者： xuechen DONG Daoyi GONG Cuicui SHI Institute of Disaster Risk Science Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster MOEFaculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China School of National Safety and Emergency Management Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China School of Systems Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

The variation in near-surface wind speed is a key dynamic parameter in the orographic effect of precipitation over eastern *** this study,we used the latest high-resolution outputs from six GCMs in CMIP6-HighResMIP to evaluate the performance of high-resolution models in simulating the orographic precipitation characteristics of typical mountainous areas in summer over eastern *** orographic precipitation under warming scenarios was projected and constrained according to observational *** results indicated that during the contemporary climate reference period(1979-2009),although the relationship between model-simulated near-surface wind speed and orographic light rain frequency was consistently stable,the sensitivity of the orographic light rain frequency to surface wind variability was generally underestimated,with a deviation approximately 24.1% lower than the observational *** estimated orographic light rain frequency corrected based on the observed near-surface wind speed under a 1.5℃ warming scenario,was 36.1% lower than that of the contemporary period;this reduction was 8.6 times that without the wind speed constraint(4.2%).The MRI-AGCM3-2-S model,with a longer dataset,demonstrated relatively stable reductions in orographic light rain frequency under different warming scenarios(1.5℃,2℃,3℃,and 4℃)after the application of wind speed *** all cases,the reductions exceeded those for the predictions made without the wind speed constraint.

关键词： Frequency of orographic light rain HighResMIP High-resolution projection Observational constraint Eastern China

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Audiovisual Emotional Congruency Modulates the Stimulus-Driven Cross-Modal Spread of Attention

Audiovisual Emotional Congruency Modulates the Stimulus-Driv...

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第二十四届全国心理学学术会议

作者： Minran Chen Song Zhao Jiaqi Yu xuechen leng Mengdie Zhai Chengzhi Feng Wenfeng Feng Department of Psychology School of EducationSoochow University Research Center for Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Soochow University

It has been reported that attending to stimuli in visual modality can spread to task-irrelevant but synchronously presented stimuli in auditory modality,a phenomenon termed the cross-modal spread of attention,which could be either stimulus-driven or representation-driven depending on whether the visual constituent of an audiovisual object is further selected based on the object *** stimulus-driven spread of attention occurs whenever a task-irrelevant sound synchronizes with an attended visual stimulus,regardless of the cross-modal semantic *** present study recorded event-related potentials(ERPs) to investigate whether the stimulus-driven cross-modal spread of attention could be modulated by audio-visual emotional congruency in a visual oddball task where emotion(positive/negative) was *** results first demonstrated a prominent stimulus-driven spread of attention regardless of audio-visual emotional congruency by showing that for all audiovisual pairs,the extracted ERPs to the auditory constituents of audiovisual stimuli within the time window of 200–300 ms were significantly larger than ERPs to the same auditory stimuli delivered ***,the amplitude of this stimulus-driven auditory Nd component during 200–300 ms was significantly larger for emotionally incongruent than congruent audiovisual stimuli when their visual constituents’ emotional valences were ***,the Nd was sustained during 300–400 ms only for the incongruent audiovisual stimuli with emotionally negative visual *** findings suggest that although the occurrence of the stimulus-driven cross-modal spread of attention is independent of audio-visual emotional congruency,its magnitude is nevertheless modulated even when emotion is task-irrelevant.

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Differences between two wheat genotypes in the development of floret primordia and contents of pigments and hormones

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The Crop Journal 2024年第4期12卷 1196-1207页

作者： Liangyun Wen Yaqun Liu Bingjin Zhou Wan Sun xuechen Xiao Zhimin Wang Zhencai Sun Zhen Zhang Yinghua Zhang College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Engineering Technology Research Center for Agriculture in Low Plain Areas Cangzhou 061800HebeiChina

Promoting more floret primordia within a spike to acquire fertile potential during the differentiation and pre-dimorphism phases is critical for increasing the number of fertile florets per spike(NFFs).However,it is yet unknown the physiological mechanism regulating the complex and dynamic *** study aimed to clarify how intra-spike hormones,pigments,and assimilates coordinate with each other to regulate spike morphology and then floret primordia development.A two-year field experiment was conducted with two winter wheat genotypes:N50(big-spike with greater NFFs)and SM22(mediumspike with fewer NFFs).We monitored high temporal and spatial-resolution changes in the number and morphology of floret primordia within a spike,as well as in intra-spike hormones,pigments,and *** results revealed that the big-spike genotype had more NFFs than the medium-spike genotype,not only because they had more spikelets,but also because they had greater NFFs mainly at central *** floret primordia at central spikelets had sufficient time to develop and acquire fertile potential during the differentiation phase(167-176 d after sowing,DAS)and the pre-dimorphism phase(179 DAS)for the big-spike genotype than the medium-spike *** primordia with fertile morphology during the pre-dimorphism phase always developed into fertile florets during the dimorphism *** early-developed floret primordia most proximal and intermediate to the rachis in the big-spike genotype developed faster than the medium-spike ***,the spike dry matter and pigments(chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,carotene,and carotenoids)content during 170-182 DAS,auxin(IAA)and cytokinin(CTK)content on 167 DAS were significantly higher in the big-spike genotype than in the medium-spike genotype,while jasmonic acid(JA)content was significantly lower in the big-spike genotype compared to the medium-spike genotype during 167-182 *** the significant differences in intra-s

关键词： Fertile florets Floret primordia development Intra-spike hormones Jasmonic acid Photosynthetic pigments

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胖负面身体自我女性对不同效价身体信息的认知偏向:一项ERP研究

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心理科学 2023年第5期46卷 1026-1035页

作者：姚家宜冷雪晨冯成志冯文锋苏州大学教育学院苏州215123 苏州大学心理与行为科学研究中心苏州215123

采用改编后的1-back任务并结合ERPs技术考察胖负面身体自我女性对不同效价身体信息的认知偏向及其时间进程,结果发现:(1)身体词比非身体中性词诱发更大的P2和LPP波幅以及更小的N300波幅;(2)瘦积极、瘦消极词比胖积极、胖消极词诱发更大... 详细信息

采用改编后的1-back任务并结合ERPs技术考察胖负面身体自我女性对不同效价身体信息的认知偏向及其时间进程,结果发现:(1)身体词比非身体中性词诱发更大的P2和LPP波幅以及更小的N300波幅;(2)瘦积极、瘦消极词比胖积极、胖消极词诱发更大的LPP波幅。结果表明,女性在早期加工阶段区分了身体与非身体信息,在晚期加工阶段对瘦信息投入更多的认知资源,对瘦信息的注意维持增强,且晚期对身体信息的认知偏向是由体形维度主导而非情绪效价。

关键词：胖负面身体自我身体信息情绪效价认知偏向 ERP

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Influence of preheating treatments on cyanide content， nutritional composition， physicochemical properties， color and oxidative stability of flaxseed meal

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中国油脂 2024年

作者： ZHOU Junzhuo CHU Pengfei DONG Guimei PEI xuechen HUANG Jiaqian ZHENG Rui YIN Fawen ZHOU Dayong SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control National Engineering Research Center of Seafood Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing Liaoning Province Key Laboratory for Marine Food Science and Technology School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University

This study aimed to investigate the effects of different preheating treatments （steaming， roasting and microwave） of flaxseed on cyanide content， nutritional composition， physicochemical properties， color and oxidative stability of flaxseed meal. The three preheating methods of flaxseed all significantly decreased the hydrocyanic acid （HCN） contents. By contrast， microwave was the most effective detoxification method. After 5 min of microwave treatment， the HCN content in flaxseed was reduced from 94.65 ± 1.68 mg/kg to 7.80 ± 0.57 mg/kg. In addition， the three preheating methods all significantly increased the polyphenol content， thiobarbituric acid reactive substances （TBARS）， peroxide value （POV）， and a*value， and slightly decreased polyunsaturated fatty acid （PUFA） contents， but significantly decreased total amino acid contents as well as L*， W*and b*values. Interestingly， the three preheating methods all improved the oxidative stability and color stability of flaxseed upon accelerated storage under 40 °C. Compared with steaming （120 ℃ for 20 min） and roasting （100 ℃ for 40 min）， microwave （560 W for 4 min） is recommended for decreasing cyanide content， as well as enhancing the flaxseed' stability and qualitative attributes.

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Cooperative structure of Li/Ni mixing and stacking faults for achieving high-capacity Co-free Li-rich oxides

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 315-324,I0007页

作者： Zhen Wu Yu-Han Zhang Hao Wang Zewen Liu Xudong Zhang Xin Dai Kunyang Zou Xiaoming Lou xuechen Hu Lijing Ma Yan Liu Yongning Liu State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049ShaanxiChina Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266101ShandongChina Hefei Advanced Computing Center Operation Management Corp Ltd Hefei 230088AnhuiChina Center for High Performance Computing Network Information CenterXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049ShaanxiChina Wuhan Dongfeng Motor Corporation Ltd Wuhan 430056HubeiChina School of Materials Science and Intelligent Engineering Nanjing UniversitySuzhou 215163JiangsuChina Key Laboratory of MEMS of the Ministry of Education Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096JiangsuChina International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049ShaanxiChina

Co-free Li-rich layered oxides(LLOs)are emerging as promising cathode materials for Li-ion batteries due to their low cost and high ***,they commonly face severe structural instability and poor electrochemical activity,leading to diminished capacity and voltage ***,we introduce a Co-free LLO,Li_(1.167)Ni_(0.222)Mn_(0.611)O_(2)(Cf-L1),which features a cooperative structure of Li/Ni mixing and stacking *** structure regulates the crystal and electronic structures,resulting in a higher discharge capacity of 300.6 mA h g^(-1)and enhanced rate capability compared to the typical Co-free LLO,Li_(1.2)Ni_(0.2)Mn_(0.6)O_(2)(Cf-Ls).Density functional theory(DFT)indicates that Li/Ni mixing in LLOs leads to increased Li-O-Li configurations and higher anionic redox activities,while stacking faults further optimize the electronic interactions of transition metal(TM)3d and non-bonding O 2p ***,stacking faults accommodate lattice strain,improving electrochemical reversibility during charge/discharge cycles,as demonstrated by the in situ XRD of Cf-L1 showing less lattice evolution than *** study offers a structured approach to developing Co-free LLOs with enhanced capacity,voltage,rate capability,and cyclability,significantly impacting the advancement of the next-generation Li-ion batteries.

关键词： Co-free Li-rich oxides Li/Ni mixing Stacking faults Electronic structure

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1873~1874年福赛斯使团“出使”新疆路线与探察活动考

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西域研究 2024年第2期 81-93,171页

作者：沈雪晨南开大学历史学院

为掌握路线通道信息、拓展殖民贸易版图、将新疆打造为英俄中亚大博弈“缓冲区”,英属印度殖民政府于1873~1874年派遣福赛斯使团“出使”新疆。使团由列城出发、翻越喀喇昆仑通道、经桑株至叶尔羌抵喀什噶尔,停留期间并曾前往察提尔库... 详细信息

为掌握路线通道信息、拓展殖民贸易版图、将新疆打造为英俄中亚大博弈“缓冲区”,英属印度殖民政府于1873~1874年派遣福赛斯使团“出使”新疆。使团由列城出发、翻越喀喇昆仑通道、经桑株至叶尔羌抵喀什噶尔,停留期间并曾前往察提尔库里、巴楚、阿图什、阿合奇等地考察,返程途中经柯克亚、喀喇昆仑回到列城,另派人穿越瓦罕走廊探察大小帕米尔抵阿姆河沿岸、前往和田并经西藏阿里地区返印。此次探察成果标定了沿途经纬度和海拔信息,记录下使团所见之自然与人文状况,将中国新疆及帕米尔地区首次纳入英国殖民主义知识系统,更影响到《1873年出使叶尔羌报告》的新疆知识获得与东方学话语建构,成为其作者宣扬英国加速侵略新疆政策之工具。

关键词：托马斯·道格拉斯·福赛斯《1873年出使叶尔羌报告》晚清边疆民族危机近代英国

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清代江南方志中的环境意识

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南开学报（哲学社会科学版） 2024年第4期 104-118页

作者：侯德仁张雪宸苏州大学社会学院江苏苏州215123 山西大学历史文化学院山西太原030006

江南方志中有大量对当地自然环境的真实记录,是研究江南区域环境史的重要文献资料。清代江南方志在叙述描摹江南地区自然环境与人文景观的同时,也反映了这一时期江南人民的环境经济意识、环境生态意识、环境防疫意识、环境审美意识等多... 详细信息

江南方志中有大量对当地自然环境的真实记录,是研究江南区域环境史的重要文献资料。清代江南方志在叙述描摹江南地区自然环境与人文景观的同时,也反映了这一时期江南人民的环境经济意识、环境生态意识、环境防疫意识、环境审美意识等多重环境意识。不仅如此,有些江南方志还有意识地将国家政治意图贯彻于环境内容书写之中,显示出较强的环境书写政治意识。

关键词：江南方志环境史书写自然环境环境意识

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消极身体意象对青少年的负面影响

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心理科学进展 2020年第2期28卷 294-304页

作者：史攀黄于飞张翰之冷雪晨陈红西南大学心理学部认知与人格教育部重点实验室重庆400715

消极身体意象是青少年健康成长所面临的重要问题之一。了解消极身体意象对青少年的危害以及其形成的影响因素,对于青少年群体身心健康发展具有重要意义。消极身体意象对青少年的负面影响主要包括自我概念、情绪体验、体重控制策略、饮... 详细信息

消极身体意象是青少年健康成长所面临的重要问题之一。了解消极身体意象对青少年的危害以及其形成的影响因素,对于青少年群体身心健康发展具有重要意义。消极身体意象对青少年的负面影响主要包括自我概念、情绪体验、体重控制策略、饮食失调和社会生活五个方面;并且青少年消极身体意象形成的影响因素主要有生物因素(BMI)、社会文化因素(父母、同伴和大众媒体)和心理因素(人格因素、认知方式)。未来可从以下几个方面进一步深入研究:(1)基于生物−心理−社会模型的视角完善青少年身体意象发展的理论模型;(2)考察社交媒体等新兴因素的作用;(3)阐明青少年在加工身体相关信息时的认知特点;(4)推进中国青少年消极身体意象本土化研究。

关键词：消极身体意象青少年负面影响

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