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Numerical Study of Flow Features Around Submerged Circular and Square Piles at Flat and Scoured Beds Using OpenFOAM

Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第4期23卷 897-914页

作者： WANg Chaolin WU guoxiang WANg Dianhe DU Shengtao zHANg zhiyong JIN Heng zHU David z. LIANg Bingchen Donghai Academy School of Civil&Environmental Engineering and Geography ScienceNingbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Key Laboratory of Estuary and Coast of zhejiang Province and Zhejiang Institute of Hydraulics and EstuaryHangzhou 310020China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering and College of EngineeringOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Shandong Water Conservancy Vocational College Rizhao 276826China School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Ningbotech UniversityNingbo 315211China

Elucidating the flow features around piles in local scouring processes is crucial for studies of local scouring mechanisms and scour depth *** study details the flow turbulence characteristics of two submerged piles that are determined by solving the Navier-Stokes equations with the improved delayed detached eddy simulation *** model is verified by comparing experimental and numerical results for hydrodynamic parameters with the literature for both square-crossing piles(SCPs)and circular-crossing piles(CCPs).Original topographies of flat and scoured beds(i.e.,the initial and equilibrium scouring stages)are based on experimental results obtained by the authors in the present *** and CCP flow features in the scouring process are *** results indicate that during the scouring process,the time-averaged drag coefficient and root mean square(rms)of the lift coefficient increase linearly in the CCP test,while the rms of the lift coefficient in the SCP test decreases ***,the minimum pressure coefficient is always located in the upstream corners in the SCP case but moves from 72.5°to 79.5°when the scour hole is completely developed in the CCP *** flow behind the pile,which is generated by separated boundary layers above the top face of the pile,can reach the sand bed and turn the separated shear layers into patches of small vortices in the near-wake ***,the high shear stress zones are mainly at the scour edges under scoured-bed conditions.

关键词： flat bed scoured bed local scour OpenFOAM bed shear stress

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Size matters:the biochemical logic of ligand type in endocrine crosstalk

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Life Metabolism 2024年第1期3卷 10-20页

作者： Jameel Barkat Lone Jonathan z.Long Katrin J.Svensson Department of Pathology Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordCA 94305United States Department of Chemistry Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305United States Stanford Diabetes Research Center Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordCA 94305United States Sarafan ChEM-H Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305United States Wu Tsai Human Performance Alliance Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305United States Stanford Cardiovascular Institute Stanford University School of MedicineCA 94305United States

The endocrine system is a fundamental type of long-range cell-cell communication that is important for maintaining metabolism,physiology,and other aspects of organismal *** signaling is mediated by diverse blood-borne ligands,also called hormones,including metabolites,lipids,steroids,peptides,and *** size and structure of these hormones are fine-tuned to make them bioactive,responsive,and adaptable to meet the demands of changing *** has nature selected such diverse ligand types to mediate communication in the endocrine system?What is the chemical,signaling,or physiologic logic of these ligands?What fundamental principles from our knowledge of endocrine communication can be applied as we continue as a field to uncover additional new circulating molecules that are claimed to mediate long-range cell and tissue crosstalk?This review provides a framework based on the biochemical logic behind this crosstalk with respect to their chemistry,temporal regulation in physiology,specificity,signaling actions,and evolutionary development.

关键词： endocrine ligand size metabolites signaling evolution

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Nanozyme catalysis in a crowded environment:The impact of diffusion and surface shielding

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 5795-5800页

作者： Vasily g.Panferov Juewen Liu Department of Chemistry Waterloo Institute for NanotechnologyWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada

Nanozymes are widely used in various applications as nanosized catalysts for replacing *** accurate estimation of the catalytic activity of nanozymes in real conditions is *** this article,for the first time,we systematically studied the effect of macromolecular molecules co-existing in the real system on the oxidoreductase(peroxidase,oxidase,and catalase)-mimicking nanozymes made of a gold nanoparticle core and a platinum shell,Prussian Blue,Mn_(2)O_(3) and CoO *** were made with horseradish *** distinguished two main mechanisms of the negative impact of macromolecules on nanozyme catalysis—slowed diffusion and surface shielding of *** the first mechanism is typical for enzymes,the second one is specific only for *** the mechanisms is essential for developing approaches to reduce the unavoidable impact of macromolecules for various analytical and biomedical applications.

关键词： molecular crowding biosensors nanoparticles

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综合护理干预在小儿慢性支气管炎中的应用

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妇儿健康导刊 2024年第7期3卷 174-177页

作者：亓雪珍济南市莱芜区苗山中心卫生院山东济南271100

目的探讨综合护理干预在小儿慢性支气管炎中的应用效果。方法选取济南市莱芜区苗山中心卫生院2021年4月至2023年4月收治的94例慢性支气管炎患儿作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和试验组,每组各47例。对照组采用常规护理,试... 详细信息

目的探讨综合护理干预在小儿慢性支气管炎中的应用效果。方法选取济南市莱芜区苗山中心卫生院2021年4月至2023年4月收治的94例慢性支气管炎患儿作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和试验组,每组各47例。对照组采用常规护理,试验组采用综合护理干预,比较两组睡眠质量、生命质量、护理满意度和肺功能。结果护理后,试验组匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表评分低于对照组,生命质量综合评定问卷评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P36%,高于对照组的65.96%,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。试验组用力肺活量、呼气流量峰值、第1秒用力呼气容积水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论综合护理干预小儿慢性支气管炎中的应用效果较好,可改善睡眠质量、生命质量,提高护理满意度,改善肺功能。

关键词：综合护理干预小儿慢性支气管炎睡眠质量生命质量护理满意度肺功能

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莲子壳主料对代栽灵芝生长及其生产效益的影响

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菌物学报 2024年第2期43卷 87-98页

作者：张波叶雷谭伟李小林杨学圳周洁四川省食用菌研究所四川成都610066

莲子壳作为农业副产物体量较大,可用作食用菌栽培原料。本研究以资源化利用莲子壳和拓展灵芝栽培原料来源、降本增效为目的,以10%、20%、40%、60%和80%的莲子壳替代基础配方(杂木屑45%、玉米芯45%、麦麸5%、玉米粉4%、石膏1%)的木屑和... 详细信息

莲子壳作为农业副产物体量较大,可用作食用菌栽培原料。本研究以资源化利用莲子壳和拓展灵芝栽培原料来源、降本增效为目的,以10%、20%、40%、60%和80%的莲子壳替代基础配方(杂木屑45%、玉米芯45%、麦麸5%、玉米粉4%、石膏1%)的木屑和玉米芯,研究各试验配方的灵芝农艺性状、品质及生产效益,从中优选出莲子壳基质高效配方,为探究莲子壳在代料灵芝生产中的应用提供依据。结果表明,培养料添加一定比例莲子壳可促进灵芝菌丝生长,60%处理的菌丝生长速度最快,达4.44mm/d;基料添加莲子壳会减少菌柄长度、菌盖厚度和子实体含水量,对菌盖大小、菌柄直径和单朵鲜重无明显影响。活性成分测定结果表明,随栽培料莲子壳比例的增加,灵芝子实体多糖和蛋白质含量明显增加,80%处理的多糖含量(10.57mg/g)是对照的1.66倍、蛋白质含量(15.14%)显著高于对照(14.12%);而栽培料莲子壳对灵芝子实体三萜酸的影响呈“低比例促进、高比例抑制”趋势。另外,莲子壳配方会显著提高灵芝子实体氨基酸总量,以10%处理最高,氨基酸总量为32.44%,该处理检测到13种氨基酸的含量最高值。生产效益分析表明,栽培料添加莲子壳可显著提高灵芝栽培利润,以80%处理栽培利润最高(1.22元/袋)。综上所述,莲子壳作为原料栽培灵芝有明显增产效果,可进一步示范推广。

关键词：灵芝代料栽培莲子壳生产效益

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Magnesium oxide(MgO)nanoadsorbents in wastewater treatment:A comprehensive review

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1709-1773页

作者： H.C.S.Perera V.gurunanthanan Anoop Singh M.M.M.g.P.g.Mantilaka g.Das Sandeep Arya Department of Physics Khalifa UniversityAbu Dhabi12788United Arab Emirates Postgraduate Institute of Science University of PeradeniyaPeradeniyaSri Lanka Department of Humanities and Sciences Guru Nanak Institutions Technical CampusIbrahimpatnamHyderabad501506India Centre for global Health Research Saveetha Medical College and HospitalsSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesChennai602105Tamil NaduIndia Department of Physics University of JammuJammu and Kashmir180006India

Wastewater contamination by heavy metals and synthetic dyes presents a significant environmental challenge,necessitating effective and sustainable separation *** review article provides a detailed examination of magnesium oxide(MgO)nanoparticles as an innovative nanoadsorbent for wastewater treatment,with a specific focus on heavy metal and dye *** review comprehensively explores various aspects of MgO nanoparticles,including their structural characteristics and synthesis *** article delves into the morphology and crystallographic arrangement of MgO nanoparticles,offering insights into their structural *** the complexity of adsorption processes,the review identifies and analyzes parameters influencing the adsorption efficiency of MgO nanoparticles,such as temperature,pH,contact time,initial concentration,and co-existing *** interplay between these parameters and the adsorption capability of MgO nanoparticles emphasizes the importance of optimizing operational ***,the review assesses various synthesis methods for MgO nanoparticles,including sol-gel,hydrothermal,precipitation,green synthesis,solvothermal,and template-assisted *** discusses the advantages,limitations,and resulting nanoparticle characteristics of each method,enabling readers to grasp the implications of synthesis processes on adsorption *** comprehensive review consolidates current insights into the effectiveness of MgO nanoparticles as a potent nanoadsorbent for removing heavy metals and dyes from wastewater covering a wide spectrum of aspects related to MgO ***,there is a need to investigate the use of MgO in the treatment of actual wastewater or river water,in order to leverage its cost-effectiveness and high efficiency for practical water treatment applications in real-time.

关键词： MgO nanoparticles Nanoadsorbent Wastewater treatment Heavy metals Dye separation Adsorption Synthesis methods

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Analysis of the discrete contact characteristics based on the greenwood-Williamson model and the localization principle

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Friction 2024年第5期12卷 1042-1056页

作者： Anastasiya A.YAKOVENKO Irina g.gORYACHEVA Ishlinsky Institute for Problems in Mechanics RAS Moscow119526Russia

The contact of a rigid body with nominally flat rough surface and an elastic half-space is *** solve the contact problem,the greenwood-Williamson statistical model and the localization principle are *** developed contact model allows us to investigate the surface approach and the real contact area with taking into account the asperities *** is shown that the mutual influence of asperities changes not only contact characteristics at the macroscale,but also the contact pressure distribution at the *** follows from the results,the inclusion in the contact model of the effect of the mutual influence of asperities is especially significant for studying the real contact area,as well as the contact characteristics at high applied *** results calculated according to the proposed approach are in a good agreement with the experimentally observed effects,i.e.,the real contact area saturation and the additional compliance exhaustion.

关键词： surface roughness elasticity greenwood-Williamson model localization principle asperity interaction

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Oil Palm Fiber Hybrid Composites: A Recent Review

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第10期12卷 1661-1689页

作者： H.A.Aisyah E.Hishamuddin A.W.Noorshamsiana z.Ibrahim R.A.Ilyas Biomass Technology Unit Engineering and Processing DivisionMalaysian Palm Oil Board(MPOB)6Persiaran InstitusiBandar Baru BangiKajangSelangor43000Malaysia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Chemical and Energy EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi MalaysiaJohor81310Malaysia

Composite materials from oil palmﬁber enhance sustainability by utilizing renewable resources,reducing depen-dence on non-renewable materials,and lessening environmental *** their mechanical and dimen-sional stability limitations,oil palmﬁber-based polymer composites offer signiﬁcant advantages,such as natural abundance,potential weight reduction,and cost-effectiveness due to local availability and *** growing interest in oil palm hybrid composites,made from blending differentﬁbers,is due to their custo-mizable mechanical and physical *** is one of the most effective methods to reinforce and improve the performance of oil palm-derived composite *** review investigates the structural qualities of hybrid composites made from oil palmﬁbers,their suitability for diverse applications,and recent advancements in theﬁ*** focusing on the availability,properties,applications,challenges,and future direc-tions of oil palmﬁber hybrid composites,this review highlights the potential of these materials to enhance mechanical and functional properties,thereby contributing to sustainable development and innovation in com-posite materials.

关键词： Oil palmﬁber empty fruit bunch mesocarpﬁber hybrid composite

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Post-layout simulation driven analog circuit sizing

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 289-300页

作者： Xiaohan gAO Haoyi zHANg Siyuan YE Mingjie LIU David z.PAN Linxiao SHEN Runsheng WANg Yibo LIN Ru HUANg School of Integrated Circuits Peking University School of Computer Science Peking University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas at Austin Institute of Electronic Design Automation Peking University

Post-layout simulation provides accurate guidance for analog circuit design, but post-layout performance is hard to be directly optimized at early design stages. Prior work on analog circuit sizing often utilizes pre-layout simulation results as the optimization objective. In this work, we propose a post-layoutsimulation-driven(post-simulation-driven for short) analog circuit sizing framework that directly optimizes the post-layout simulation performance. The framework integrates automated layout generation into the optimization loop of transistor sizing and leverages a coupled Bayesian optimization algorithm to search for the best post-simulation performance. Experimental results demonstrate that our framework can achieve over 20% better post-layout performance in competitive time than manual design and the method that only considers pre-layout optimization.

关键词： analog EDA transistor sizing Bayesian optimization post-layout simulation

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Control system design for a pressure-tube-type supercritical water-cooled nuclear reactor via a higher order sliding mode method

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第1期35卷 145-154页

作者： M.Hajipour g.R.Ansarifar Department of Nuclear Engineering Faculty of PhysicsUniversity of IsfahanIsfahan 81746-73441Iran

Nuclear power plants exhibit non-linear and time-variable ***,designing a control system that sets the reactor power and forces it to follow the desired load is complicated.A supercritical water reactor(SCWR)is a fourth-generation conceptual *** an SCWR,the non-linear dynamics of the reactor require a controller capable of control-ling the *** this study,a pressure-tube-type SCWR was controlled during reactor power maneuvering with a higher order sliding mode,and the reactor outgoing steam temperature and pressure were controlled *** an SCWR,the temperature,pressure,and power must be maintained at a setpoint(desired value)during power *** point kinetics equations with three groups of delayed neutrons were used in the ***-order and classic sliding mode controllers were separately manufactured to control the plant and were compared with the PI controllers speci-fied in previous *** controlled parameters were reactor power,steam temperature,and ***,for these parameters,the PI controller had certain instabilities in the presence of *** classic sliding mode controller had a higher accuracy and stability;however its main drawback was the chattering *** was highly accurate and stable and had a small computational *** reality,it followed the desired values without oscillations and chattering.

关键词： Supercritical water nuclear reactor Higher order sliding mode controller Steam temperature Steam pressure Point kinetics model

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