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西安地区犬和猫肿瘤流行现状与防治对策

动物医学进展 2025年第1期46卷 128-134页

作者：白佳秀吕子颖段学鹏韩永荣郭抗抗吕长荣西北农林科技大学动物医学院陕西杨凌712100 海南大学热带农林学院海南海口570228 西北农林科大西安动物医院陕西西安710065

通过对西北农林科大西安动物医院4年7个月共收治的西安地区7399例(犬4813例,猫2586例)犬和猫病例中308例肿瘤的分析,发现犬、猫肿瘤发病率分别为5.96%和0.81%;最常发的肿瘤有乳腺肿瘤、恶性淋巴瘤、脂肪瘤、肥大细胞瘤与肛周腺瘤。犬发... 详细信息

通过对西北农林科大西安动物医院4年7个月共收治的西安地区7399例(犬4813例,猫2586例)犬和猫病例中308例肿瘤的分析,发现犬、猫肿瘤发病率分别为5.96%和0.81%;最常发的肿瘤有乳腺肿瘤、恶性淋巴瘤、脂肪瘤、肥大细胞瘤与肛周腺瘤。犬发病品种以贵宾犬、牧羊犬与金毛犬居多,分别占24.64%、12.56%和11.59%;小型犬发病率最高,占51.57%。老龄犬多发,但9岁以下犬发病率也高达33.45%。发病季节集中在冬春季节。发病部位以乳腺和皮肤最多,分别占29.27%和21.95%。雌性犬、猫发病率分别为58.19%和42.86%,雄性犬、猫发病率分别为41.81%和57.14%;未绝育雌性犬、猫更易发生乳腺肿瘤与泌尿生殖道肿瘤,未去势雄性犬、猫更易发生肛周肿瘤。组织活检与组织病理学结果显示良性肿瘤占58.51%,恶性肿瘤占41.49%。

关键词：肿瘤犬猫流行现状防治对策

冲击点火反应过程中RDX基PBX炸药的热辐射特性

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高压物理学报 2025年第1期39卷 44-52页

作者：施鑫辉杨雷杨雪康洪亮袁文硕刘福生西南交通大学物理科学与技术学院高温高压物理研究所四川成都610031

研究冲击波流场中聚合物黏结炸药的热辐射特性可能是获取相关物质组分温度数据的重要途径。利用二级轻气炮加载技术、瞬态辐射测温方法及粒子速度剖面测量技术,探讨了聚合物黏结炸药/氟化锂窗口界面的热辐射特性及其与界面压力之间的相... 详细信息

研究冲击波流场中聚合物黏结炸药的热辐射特性可能是获取相关物质组分温度数据的重要途径。利用二级轻气炮加载技术、瞬态辐射测温方法及粒子速度剖面测量技术,探讨了聚合物黏结炸药/氟化锂窗口界面的热辐射特性及其与界面压力之间的相关性;同时,还优化了聚合物黏结炸药样品制备方法,显著抑制了包裹气体和界面间隙发光背景,给出了界面辐亮度数据及界面温度数据。结果表明,在连续2次冲击加载过程中,界面温度随时间衰减特征与反应产物的等熵膨胀行为密切相关,界面温度反映了界面处产物温度的演化行为,为直接观测点火反应和起爆释能期间非均质复合炸药的反应产物温度数据提供了一种可行的技术途径。

关键词：聚合物黏结炸药冲击加载界面热辐射点火反应等熵膨胀界面温度

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Synthesis of microporous membranes and films on various substrates by novel electrospinning method

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Science China Chemistry 2013年第4期56卷 459-464页

作者： FAN LiLi xue Ming kang ZiXi QIU ShiLun State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis & Preparative Chemistry Department of Chemistry Jilin University

The introduction of electrospinning technique in synthesis of supported microporous membranes and films opens bright pro- spects for mass production and practical applications. This novel and promising strategy has wide suitable range for various substrates with the possibility of large-area processing. We successfully synthesized several kinds of microporous materials into high quality membranes and films on different shaped supports by this method, such as zeolite NaA and pure-silica-zeolite Beta membranes on porous A1203 tube, zeolite NaY membrane on stainless steel net and a metal-organic framework Eu（BTC）（H20） DMF （JUC-32） film on porous silica disc. X-ray diffraction （XRD） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM） were used as characterization means. The results verified the effectiveness of this new approach in fabrication of membranes and films.

关键词： electrospinning microporous membrane zeolite metal-organic framework

Antimicrobial Properties and Application of Polysaccharides and Their Derivatives

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2021年第2期39卷 133-146,I0004页

作者： Gui-xue Xia Yue-Ming Wu Yu-Fang Bi kang Chen Wei-Wei Zhang Shi-Qi Liu wen-Jing Zhang Run-Hui Liu State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology(ECUST)Ministry of EducationSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China

With the quick emergence of antibiotic resistance and multi-drug resistant microbes,more and more attention has been paid to the development of new antimicrobial agents that have potential to take the ***,as one of the major classes of biopolymers,were explored for their antimicrobial properties and applications,owing to their easy accessibility,biocompatibility and easy *** and their derivatives have variable demonstrations and applications as antimicrobial agents and antimicrobial biomaterials.A variety of polysaccharides,such as chitosan,dextran,hyaluronic acid,cellulose,other plant/animal-derived polysaccharides and their derivatives have been explored for antimicrobial *** expect that this review can summarize the important progress of this field and inspire new concepts,which will contribute to the development of novel antimicrobial agents in combating antibiotic resistance and drug-resistant antimicrobial infections.

关键词： Antimicrobial Drug resistance Polysaccharides Polysaccharide derivatives Chitosan

Identification of a sugar gustatory receptor and its effect on fecundity of the brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens

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Insect Science 2019年第3期26卷 441-452页

作者： Wei-wen Chen Kui kang Pan Yang wen-Qing Zhang State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China

In insects, the gustatory system plays a crucial role in multiple physiological behaviors, including feeding, toxin avoidance, courtship, mating and oviposition. Gustatory stimuli from the environment are recognized by gustatory receptors. To date, little is known about the function of gustatory receptors in agricultural pest insects. In this study, we cloned a sugar gustatory receptor gene, N/Gr11, from the brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stal), a serious pest of rice in Asia;we then identified its ligands, namely, fructose, galactose and arabinose, by calcium imaging assay. After injection of N/Gr11 doublestranded RNA, we found that the number of eggs laid by BPH decreased. Moreover, we found that N/Gr11 inhibited the phosphorylation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and promoted the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (AKT). These findings demonstrated that N/Gr11 could accelerate the fecundity of BPH through AMPK- and AKT-mediated signaling pathways. This is the first report to indicate that a gustatory receptor modulates the fecundity of insects and that the receptor could be a potential target for pest control.

关键词： brown planthopper fecundity gustatory receptors ligands sugar

Identification of traits and genes associated with lodging resistance in maize

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The Crop Journal 2021年第6期9卷 1408-1417页

作者： Yu Guo Yumei Hu Huan Chen Pengshuai Yan Qingguo Du Yafei Wang Hongqiu Wang Zhonghua Wang Dingming kang wen-xue Li Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization Ministry of EducationCollege of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Lodging is a major problem limiting maize yield worldwide. However, the mechanisms of lodging resistance remain incompletely understood for maize. Here, we evaluated 443 maize accessions for lodging resistance in the field. Five lodging-resistant accessions and five lodging-sensitive accessions were selected for further research. The leaf number, plant height, stem diameter, and rind penetrometer resistance were similar between lodging-resistant and-sensitive inbred lines. The average thickness of sclerenchymatous hypodermis layer was thicker and the vascular area was larger in the lodging-resistant lines compared with lodging-sensitive lines. Although total lignin content in stem tissue did not significantly differ between lodging-resistant and-sensitive lines, phloroglucinol staining revealed that the lignin content of the cell wall in the stem cortex and in the stem vascular tissue near the cortex was higher in the lodging-resistant lines than in the lodging-sensitive lines. Analysis of strand-specific RNA-seq transcriptome showed that a total of 793 genes were up-regulated and 713 genes were down-regulated in lodging-resistant lines relative to lodging-sensitive lines. The up-regulated genes in lodging-resistant lines were enriched in cell wall biogenesis. These results indicated that modification of cell wall biosynthesis would contribute to lodging resistance of maize.

关键词： Lodging Sclerenchyma cell Lignin Differentially expressed genes Maize

Health-oriented strategies are needed to optimize China’s 2025 clean air action plan

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Science Bulletin 2024年第13期69卷 2007-2008页

作者： Tao xue Ning kang Wei Wan Tong Zhu Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases(PKU) School of Public HealthPeking University Health Science CentreBeijing 100191China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Exposure and Health Risk Management Center for Environment and HealthPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Advanced Institute of Information Technology Peking UniversityHangzhou 311215China Clean Air Asia Beijing 100600China College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Recently,China’s State Council issued the Continuous Improvement of Air Quality Action Plan(hereafter,the third action plan),which follows the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan(2013–2017)(hereafter,the first action plan)and the Three-Year Action Plan for Winning the Blue Sky Defense Battle(2018–2020)(hereafter the second action plan).The first two action plans yielded nationwide health benefits[1–3],from improving lung function[4]to saving medical expenditures[5].Based on our previous estimates[6],due to reductions in the fine particulate matter(PM2.5)level,implementation of the first and second action plans was expected to increase life expectancy by 2.11 and 3.68 months.

关键词： action hereafter nationwide

Topology characteristics of three-dimensional grains in polycrystalline materials

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2019年第2期62卷 263-268页

作者： WANG Hao xue WeiHua kang RenMu ZHANG YiFan LIU GuoQuan School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing School of Materials Science and Engineering Liaoning Technical University Deyang Products Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute Collaborative Innovation Center of Steel Technology University of Science and Technology Beijing

The quantitative microstructural analysis in recrystallized pure iron is carried out by serial sectioning experiment coupled with three-dimensional(3-D) grain reconstruction technique. The full 3-D morphology of 16254 pure iron grains, which is the largest experimental 3-D grain dataset to date, is obtained. It is shown that the peak and the mean of the grain face number distribution were 10 and 13.5, respectively. For individual grains, the average trends that the highest and lowest face classes exhibited the highest affinity for mutual contact but the lowest affinity for contact with themselves are experimentally confirmed by 3-D pure iron grains. The pure iron grains are observed to have much more three-edged faces than Monte Carlo grains, resulting in relatively higher average dispersions of the grain edge distribution.

关键词： 3-D characterization serial sectioning Monte Carlo grain growth topology

Study of the electrochemical oxidation mechanism of formaldehyde on gold electrode in alkaline solution

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2013年第2期24卷 159-162页

作者： Rui-wen Yan Bao-kang Jin Department of Chemistry Anhui University

Received 7 November 2012 Received in revised form 10 December 2012 Accepted 31 December 2012 Available online 4 February 2013

关键词： Rapid-scan time-resolved FTIRFormaldehydeElectrochemical oxidation