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Effect of bipolar-plates design on corrosion,mass and heat transfer in proton-exchange membrane fuel cells and water electrolyzers:A review

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第7期31卷 1599-1616页

作者： Jiuhong Zhang Xiejing Luo Yingyu Ding Luqi chang Chaofang Dong Key Laboratory for Corrosion and Protection(MOE) Institute for Advanced Materials and TechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Beijing 100083China

Attaining a decarbonized and sustainable energy system,which is the core solution to global energy issues,is accessible through the development of hydrogen ***-exchange membrane water electrolyzers(PEMWEs)are promising devices for hydrogen production,given their high efficiency,rapid responsiveness,and *** plates account for a relatively high percentage of the total cost and weight compared with other components of ***,optimization of their design may accelerate the promotion of *** paper reviews the advances in materials and flow-field design for bipolar ***,the working conditions of proton-exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs)and PEMWEs are compared,including reaction direction,operating temperature,pressure,input/output,and ***,the current research status of bipolar-plate substrates and surface coatings is summarized,and some typical channel-rib flow fields and porous flow fields are ***,the effects of materials on mass and heat transfer and the possibility of reducing corrosion by improving the flow field structure are ***,this review discusses the potential directions of the development of bipolar-plate design,including material fabrication,flow-field geometry optimization using threedimensional printing,and surface-coating composition optimization based on computational materials science.

关键词： bipolar-plates flow design mass and heat transfer corrosion water electrolyzers fuel cells

Precise capture of circulating endometrial cells in endometriosis

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 2024年第14期137卷 2024 Apr 29页

作者： Wang Shang Cheng Hongyan Zhu Honglan Yu Xiaoming Ye xue chang Xiaohong Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Peking University People’s Hospital Beijing China Reproductive Medicine Center Peking University People’s Hospital Beijing China

Background: Endometriosis (EM) is a complex benign gynecological disease, but it has malignant biological behavior and can invade any part of the body. Clinical manifestations include pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, infertility, pelvic nodules, and masses. Our previous study successfully detected circulating endometrial cells (CECs) in the peripheral blood of patients with EM. The purpose of this study is to overcome the limitation of cell size in the previous microfluidic chip method, to further accurately capture CECs, understand the characteristics of these cells, and explore the relationship between CECs and the clinical course characteristics of patients with ***: Human peripheral venous blood used to detect CECs and circulating vascular endothelial cells (CVECs) was taken from EM patients (n = 34) hospitalized in the Peking University People’s Hospital. We used the subtraction enrichment and immunostaining fluorescencein situ hybridization (SE-iFISH) method to exclude the interference of red blood cells, white blood cells, and CVECs, so as to accurately capture the CECs in the peripheral blood of patients with EM. Then we clarified the size and ploidy number of chromosome 8 of CECs, and a second grouping of patients was performed based on clinical characteristics to determine the relationship between CECs and clinical course ***: The peripheral blood of 34 EM patients and 12 non-EM patients was evaluated by SE-iFISH. Overall, 34 eligible EM patients were enrolled. The results showed that the detection rates of CECs were 58.8% in EM patients and 16.7% in the control group. However, after classification according to clinical characteristics, more CECs could be detected in the peripheral blood of patients with rapidly progressive EM, with a detection rate of 94.4% (17/18). In total, 63.5% (40/63) of these cells were small cells with diameters below 5 μm, and 44.4% (28/63) were aneuploid cells. No significant association was found between the

关键词： Endometriosis Circulating endometrial cells Clinical symptoms Dysmenorrhea Circulating vascular endothelial cells

Fucoxanthin promotes the chain lengthening reaction of polyunsaturated fatty acids in vivo by enhancing FADS2 enzyme activity

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Xiao-Yue Li Tian-Xin Yang Ying-Cai Zhao Cheng-Cheng Wang chang-Hu xue Teruyoshi Yanagita Yu-Ming Wang Tian-Tian Zhang SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control College of Food Science and Engineering Ocean University of China Laboratory of Nutrition Biochemistry Department of Applied Biochemistry and Food Science Saga University

Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) is capable of synthesizing EPA and DHA in vivo， but the conversion rate is hard to meet the body's need for rapid DHA supplementation. Studies have shown that fucoxanthin can increase DHA content in the liver of mice， but the mechanism is not clear. Moreover， the effect of fucoxanthin and its metabolite fucoxanthinol on the chain lengthening reaction of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) is little studied. In this study， the effects of fucoxanthin and fucoxanthinol on the chain elongation of n-3 and n-6 series PUFAs were investigated in mice. Results showed that fucoxanthin and fucoxanthinol significantly increased the conversion of n-3 series ALA to DHA and n-6 series LA to AA in the serum， liver， small intestine， and heart of mice. In addition， fucoxanthin accelerated the rate of DHA supplementation by ALA in the brain. Further mechanistic studies revealed that the role of fucoxanthin in promoting PUFAs conversion was not regulated at transcriptional level， but by increasing the activity of fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2)， a key enzyme of chain elongation reaction of n-3 and n-6 PUFAs. This study fundamentally provided theoretical bases for a new strategy of dietary supplementation of n-3 and n-6 PUFAs.

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An online value iteration method for linear-quadratic mean field social control with unknown dynamics

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 38-39页

作者： Bing-chang WANG Shumei LI Ying CAO School of Control Science and Engineering Shandong University

Mean field(MF) models have been widely applied to economics, control theory, and other fields. Its prominent feature is that the individual influence on the overall population is negligible and the impact of the entire system to the single agent is significant and cannot be ignored. As a classical problem in control theory, linear quadratic(LQ) control for MF models has been widely investigated(e.g., [1, 2]).

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Copper coordination-driven self-assembly and encapsulation of PCR reagents

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第3期35卷 189-192页

作者： chang Lu Jinkai Zheng Juewen Liu Institute of Food Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China Department of Chemistry Waterloo Institute for NanotechnologyUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooONN2L 3G1Canada

Polymerase chain reactions(PCR)are a very important tool for use in cloning,nucleic acid sequencing and diagnostic *** storage conditions of PCR reagents are limited to freezing and a lot of mixing steps are *** this paper,we report using metal ions to form coordination nanomaterials with the intrinsic components of the PCR reagents including dNTP,DNA primers and DNA polymerase as an integrated PCR reaction *** complete PCR reactions,users need only to dissolve the coordination nanomaterials with a buffer and add template DNA.A few transition metal ions were screened and Cu^(2+)was found to be the most effective metal ion for this *** the encapsulation efficiency of PCR reagents was measured,which can reach close to 100%for the primers and DNA polymerase,but only 10%for dNTP because dNTP was *** study also exhibited this integrated PCR reaction system can be used for DNA detection with a similar detection limit to the normal PCR,and showed good stability of encapsulated PCR nanomaterial after storage for a week.

关键词： Metal ions Coordination Encapsulation PCR Storage

Pt nanodendrites with a PtIr alloy surface structure exhibit excellent stability toward acidic hydrogen evolution reaction

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 4844-4849页

作者： chang Liu Zongnan Wei Minna Cao Rong Cao State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fuzhou 350108China

The development of effective and stable electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)in acidic electrolytes is a significant *** this work,homogeneous Pt nanodendrites(Pt NDs)with a PtIr shell were successfully synthesized by a two-step wet chemical *** open three-dimensional(3D)dendritic structure exhibited exceptional electrocatalytic characteristics,exposing as many active sites as ***,by alloying Ir with Pt on the surface,catalytic activity was greatly enhanced while ensuring extremely high *** surface-enriched platinum nanodendritic catalysts(Pt@PtIr NDs)outperformed the control samples and the commercial *** acidic HER test,Pt@PtIr NDs had a lower overpotential(22 mV)than Pt NDs(26 mV)and commercial Pt/C(31 mV)at 10 mA/cm^(2),and the activity of Pt@PtIr NDs remained consistent even after undergoing a continuous durability test for at least 168 h,which was much superior to the performance of commercial Pt/C(10 h)under identical test *** study revealed that the application of 3D Pt dendritic metal alloys may offer a chance for the development of enhanced electrocatalysts in acidic HER.

关键词： Pt nanodendrites iridium high stability hydrogen evolution reaction alloy

Energy-efficient reconfigurable processor for QC-LDPC via adaptive coding-voltage-frequency tuning

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2024年第2期31卷 72-84页

作者： chang Libo Hu Yiqing Du Huimin Wang Jihe School of Electronic Engineering Xi'an University of Posts and TelecommunicationsXi'an 710121China School of Computer Science Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China

To apply a quasi-cyclic low density parity check(QC-LDPC)to different scenarios,a data-stream driven pipelined macro instruction set and a reconfigurable processor architecture are proposed for the typical QC-LDPC *** data-level parallelism is improved by instructions to dynamically configure the multi-core computing ***,an intelligent adjustment strategy based on a programmable wake-up controller(WuC)is designed so that the computing mode,operating voltage,and frequency of the QC-LDPC algorithm can be *** adjustment can improve the computing efficiency of the *** QC-LDPC processors are verified on the Xilinx ZCU102 field programmable gate array(FPGA)board and the computing efficiency is *** experimental results indicate that the QC-LDPC processor can support two encoding lengths of three typical QC-LDPC algorithms and 20 adaptive operating modes of operating voltage and *** maximum efficiency can reach up to 12.18 Gbit/(s·W),which is more flexible than existing state-of-the-art processors for QC-LDPC.

关键词： quasi-cyclic low density parity check(QC-LDPC) dynamic voltage and frequency scaling(DVFS) reconfigurable computing coarse-grained reconfigurable arrays(CGRAs)

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Cell Consistency Evaluation Method Based on Multiple Unsupervised Learning Algorithms

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Big Data Mining and Analytics 2024年第1期7卷 42-54页

作者： Jiang chang Xianglong Gu Jieyun Wu Debu Zhang Stellantis China Technology Center Shanghai 200233China

Unsupervised learning algorithms can effectively solve sample *** address battery consistency anomalies in new energy vehicles,we adopt a variety of unsupervised learning algorithms to evaluate and predict the battery consistency of three vehicles using charging fragment data from actual operating *** extract battery-related features,such as the mean of maximum difference,standard deviation,and entropy of batteries and then apply principal component analysis to reduce the dimensionality and record the amount of preserved *** then build models through a collection of unsupervised learning algorithms for the anomaly detection of cell consistency *** also determine whether unsupervised and supervised learning algorithms can address the battery consistency problem and document the parameter tuning *** addition,we compare the prediction effectiveness of charging and discharging features modeled individually and in combination,determine the choice of charging and discharging features to be modeled in combination,and visualize the multidimensional data for fault *** results show that the unsupervised learning algorithm is effective in visualizing and predicting vehicle core conformance faults,and can accurately predict faults in real ***“distance+boxplot”algorithm shows the best performance with a prediction accuracy of 80%,a recall rate of 100%,and an F1 of *** proposed approach can be applied to monitor battery consistency faults in real time and reduce the possibility of disasters arising from consistency faults.

关键词： battery consistency charging segment data unsupervised learning

Neurotoxicity of tetramethylammonium ion on larval and juvenile zebrafish:Effects on neurobehaviors and multiple biomarkers

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 138-147页

作者： Ruixin Zhang Rui Wang Jiajun chang GDaniel Sheng Daqiang Yin Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment Ministry of EducationCollege of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China

Tetramethylammonium hydroxide(TMAH)is an important compound that utilized and released by the rapidly expanding semiconductor industry,which could hardly be removed by the conventional wastewater treatment *** a cholinergic agonist,the tetramethylammonium ion(TMA^(+))has been reported to induce toxicity to muscular and respiratory systems of mammals and human,however the toxicity on aquatic biota remains poorly *** investigated the neurotoxic effects of TMA^(+)exposure on zebrafish,based on neurobehavior tests and a series of *** inhibitions on the swimming distance of zebrafish larvae were observed when the exposure level exceeded 50 mg/L,and significant alterations on swimming path angles(straight and deflective movements)occurred even at 10 mg/*** tested neurobehavioral endpoints of zebrafish larvae were significantly positively correlated with reactive oxygen species(ROS)and malondialdehyde(MDA),significantly negatively related with the activities of antioxidant enzymes,but not significantly correlated with the level of acetylcholinesterase(AChE).Such relationship indicates that the observed neurotoxic effects on swimming behavior of zebrafish larvae is mainly driven by oxidative stress,rather than the alterations of *** the highest exposure concentration(200 mg/L),TMA^(+)evoked more severe toxicity on zebrafish juveniles,showing significantly stronger elevation on the MDA activity,and greater inhibitions on the activities of antioxidant enzymes and ACh E,suggesting juveniles were more susceptible to TMA^(+)exposure than larval zebrafish.

关键词： Tetramethylammonium Zebrafish Oxidative stress Acetylcholinesterase Neurobehavior