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Mathematical model of the direct reduction of dust composite pellets containing zinc and iron

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2013年第7期20卷 627-635页

作者： Xiu-wei An Jing-song Wang xue-feng she Qing-guo xue State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology Beijing School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing School of Mechanical Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing

Direct reduction of dust composite pellets containing zinc and iron was examined by simulating the conditions of actual production process of a rotary hearth furnace （RHF） in laboratory. A mathematical model was constructed to study the reduction kinetics of iron oxides and ZnO in the dust composite pellets. It was validated by comparing the calculated values with experimental results. The effects of furnace temperature, pellet radius, and pellet porosity on the reduction were investigated by the model. It is shown that furnace temperature has obvious influence on both of the reduction of iron oxides and ZnO, but the influence of pellet radius and porosity is much smaller. Model calculations suggest that both of the reduction of iron oxides and ZnO are under mixed control with interface reactions and Boudouard reaction in the early stage, but only with interface reactions in the later stage.

关键词： rotary hearth furnaces dust zinc ore pellets direct reduction process mathematical models kinetics

Reduction–melting behaviors of boron-bearing iron concentrate/carbon composite pellets with addition of CaO

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2015年第9期22卷 926-932页

作者： Guang Wang Qing-guo xue xue-feng she Jing-song Wang State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology Beijing

Although the total amount of boron resources in China is high, the grades of these resources are low. The authors have already proposed a new comprehensive utilization process of boron-bearing iron concentrate based on the iron nugget process. The present work describes a further optimization of the conditions used in the previous study. The effects of CaO on the reduction-melting behavior and properties of the boron-rich slag are presented. CaO improved the reduction of boron-bearing iron concentrate/carbon composite pellets when its content was less than lwt%. Melting separation of the composite pellets became difficult with the CaO content increased. The sulfur content of the iron nugget gradually decreased from 0.16wt% to 0.046wt% as the CaO content of the pellets increased from 1wt% to 5wt%. CaO negatively affected the iron yield and boron extraction efficiency of the boron-rich slag. The mineral phase evolution of the boron-rich slag during the reduction-melting separation of the composite pellets with added CaO was also deduced.

关键词： iron concentrate boron ore reduction composite pellets calcium oxide

Preparation of CaO-containing carbon pellets from coking coal and calcium oxide:Effects of temperature,pore distribution and carbon structure on compressive strength in pyrolysis furnace

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2021年第7期28卷 1153-1163页

作者： Xiao-min You xue-feng she Jing-song Wang Qing-guo xue Ze-yi Jiang State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Energy and Environmental Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

CaO-containing carbon pellets(CCCP)were successfully prepared from well-mixed coking coal(CC)and calcium oxide(CaO)and roasted at different pyrolysis *** effects of temperature,pore distribution,and carbon structure on the compressive strength of CCCP was investigated in a pyrolysis furnace(350-750℃).The results showed that as the roasting temperature increased,the compressive strength also increased and furthermore,structural defects and imperfections in the carbon crystallites were gradually eliminated to form more organized char structures,thus forming high-ordered ***,the CCCP preheated at 750℃exhibited the highest compressive strength.A positive relationship between the compressive strength and pore-size homogeneity was established.A linear relationship between the com-pressive strength of the CCCP and the average stack height of CC was ***,a four-stage caking mechanism was developed.

关键词： calcium oxide-containing carbon pellets calcium carbide coking coal compressive strength pyrolysis furnace

Effect of carbon species on the reduction and melting behavior of boron-bearing iron concentrate/carbon composite pellets

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2013年第6期20卷 522-528页

作者： Guang Wang Yin-gui Ding Jing-song Wang xue-feng she Qing-guo xue State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology Beijing

Iron nugget and boron-rich slag can be obtained in a short time through high-temperature reduction of boron- bearing iron concentrate by carbonaceous material, both of which are agglomerated together as a carbon composite pellet. This is a novel flow sheet for the comprehensive utilization of boron-bearing iron concentrate to produce a new kind of man-made boron ore. The effect of reducing agent species （i.e., carbon species） on the reduction and melting process of the composite pellet was investigated at a laboratory scale in the present work. The results show that, the reduction rate of the composite pellet increases from bituminite, anthracite, to coke at temperatures ranging from 950 to 1300~C. Reduction temperature has an important effect on the microstructure of reduced pellets. Carbon species also affects the behavior of reduced metallic iron particles. The anthracite-bearing composite pellet melts faster than the bituminite- bearing composite pellet, and the coke-bearing composite pellet cannot melt due to the high fusion point of coke ash. With anthracite as the reducing agent, the recovery rates of iron and boron are 96.5% and 95.7%, respectively. This work can help us get a further understanding of the new process mechanism.

关键词： iron ore pellets iron ore reduction boron bituminite anthracite coke

Numerical analysis of carbon saving potential in a top gas recycling oxygen blast furnace

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2017年第6期24卷 608-616页

作者： xue-feng she Xiu-wei An Jing-song Wang Qing-guo xue Ling-tan Kong State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China Qingdao Special Steel Company Limited Shandong Qingdao 266409 Shandong China

Aiming at the current characteristics of blast furnace （BF） process, carbon saving potential of blast furnace was investigated from the perspective of the relationship between degree of direct reduction and carbon consumption. A new relationship chart between carbon consumption and degree of direct reduction, which can reflect more real situation of blast furnace operation, was established. Further- more, the carbon saving potential of hydrogen-rich oxygen blast furnace （OBF） process was ana- lyzed. Then, the policy implications based on this relationship chart established were suggested. On this basis, the method of improving the carbon saving potential of blast furnace was recycling the top gas with removal of CO2 and H2O or increasing hydrogen in BF gas and full oxygen blast. The results show that the carbon saving potential in traditional blast furnace （TBF） is only 38 56 kg · t ^-1 while that in OBF is 138 kg · t ^-1. Theoretically, the lowest carbon consumpt!on of OBF is 261 kg · t ^-1 and the corresponding degree of direct reduction is 0.04. In addition, the theoretical lowest carbon consumption of hydrogen-rich OBF is 257 kg · t ^-1. The modeling analysis can be used to estimate the carbon savings potential in new ironmaking process and its related CO2 emissions.

关键词： Blast furnace processDirect reduction degreeCarbon consumptionDirect reductionCarbon saving potentiaOxygen blast furnace

Review on improving gas permeability of blast furnace

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2020年第2期27卷 121-131页

作者： Yu-zhu Pan Hai-bin Zuo Jing-song Wang Qing-guo xue Guang Wang xue-feng she State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

Blast furnace ironmaking process is the most mature and highly effective process for producing liquid *** furnace is a gas-solid and gas-solid-liquid countercurrent reactor,and maintaining gas permeability is the precondition of smooth ***,improving the gas permeability throughout the blast furnace remains a hot issue which is concerned by many metallurgical *** to the research results of many scholars,the dominant factors influencing the gas permeability of different locations in the blast furnace(locations are distinguished according to the morphology change of the burdens)were *** the strategies for improving the gas permeability of different locations in the blast furnace were summarized based on these dominant influencing factors,such as suppressing the low-temperature reduction degradation of sinter in the lump zone,improving the indirect reduction degree and suppressing the interaction between different *** is hoped to provide both theoretical and practical values for guiding the blast furnace so as to improve smooth operation and smelting efficiency.

关键词： Ironmaking Blast furnace Gas permeability Location

Removal Mechanism of Zn,Pb and Alkalis from Metallurgical Dusts in Direct Reduction Process

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2014年第5期21卷 488-495页

作者： xue-feng she Jing-song WANG Guang WANG Qing-guo xue Xin-xin ZHANG State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology Beijing School of Mechanical Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing

The high-temperature tube furnace was applied to simulate the rotary hearth furnace （RHF） for the direct reduction of zinc-bearing dusts from steel plants. The removal mechanism of Zn, Pb and alkalis from cold bonded briquettes made by mixing metallurgical wastes, such as dust from bag house filter, OG sludge, fine converter ash and dust from the third electric field precipitator of the sinter strand, in various proportions was investigated. More than 70% of metallization rate, more than 95% of zinc removal rate, 80% of lead removal, as well as more than 80M of K and Na removal rates were achieved for the briquettes kept at 1473-1603 K for 15 min during the direct reduction process respectively. The soot generated in the direct reduction process was studied by chromatography, X-ray diffraction （XRD） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The results suggested that the main phases of the soot were ZnO, KC1, NaC1 and 4ZnO · ZnC12 · 5H20. Furthermore, the content of Zn reached 64.2 %, which could be used as secondary resources for zinc making. It was concluded that KC1 and NaC1 in secondary dust resulted from the volatilization from the briquettes, whilst ZnO and PbO were produced by the oxidation of Zn or lead vapour from briquettes by direct reduction.

关键词： rotary hearth furnace zinc-bearing dust direct reduction zinc removal

Numerical simulation of the direct reduction of pellets in a rotary hearth furnace for zinc-containing metallurgical dust treatment

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2013年第7期20卷 636-644页

作者： Yu-liang Wu Ze-yi Jiang Xin-xin Zhang Peng Wang xue-feng she School of Mechanical Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing Engineering Research Center for Energy Saving and Environmental Protection University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing Key Laboratory for Energy Saving and Emission Reduction of Metallurgical Industry University of Science and Technology Beijing

A mathematical model was established to describe the direct reduction of pellets in a rotary hearth furnace （RHF）. In the model, heat transfer, mass transfer, and gas-solid chemical reactions were taken into account. The behaviors of iron metallization and dezincification were analyzed by the numerical method, which was validated by experimental data of the direct reduction of pellets in a Si-Mo furnace. The simulation results show that if the production targets of iron metallization and dezincification are up to 80% and 90%, respectively, the furnace temperature for high-temperature sections must be set higher than 1300~ C. Moreover, an undersupply of secondary air by 20% will lead to a decline in iron metallization rate of discharged pellets by 10% and a decrease in dezincing rate by 13%. In addition, if the residence time of pellets in the furnace is over 20 min, its further extension will hardly lead to an obvious increase in production indexes under the same furnace temperature curve.

关键词： rotary hearth furnaces direct reduction process dust ore pellets dezincification numerical methods

Basic properties of steel plant dust and technological properties of direct reduction

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2011年第3期18卷 277-284页

作者： xue-feng she Jing-song Wang Qing-guo xue Yin-gui Ding sheng-sheng Zhang Jie-ji Dong Hui Zeng School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China Shandong Laiwu Iron and Steel Co. Ltd. Laiwu 271104 China

Basic physicochemical properties of the dust from Laiwu Iron and Steel Co. Ltd. were studied. It is found that C, Zn, K, Na, etc. exist in the fabric filter dust, off gas （OG） sludge, fine ash in converter, and electrical field dust in sinter. Among these, OG sludge gives the finest particle, more than 90% of which is less than 2.51 mm. The dust can lead to a serious negative influence on the production of sintering and blast furnaces （BF） if it is recycled in sintering. The briquette and reduction experimental results showed that the qualified strength could be obtained in the case of 8wt% molasses or 4wt% QT-10 added as binders. Also, more than 75% of metallization ratio, more than 95% of dezincing ratio, as well as more than 80% of K and Na removal rates were achieved for the briquettes kept at 1250℃ for 15 min during the direct reduction process. SEM observation indicated that the rates of indirect reduction and carbonization became dominating when the bri-quettes were kept at 1250℃ for 6 min.

关键词： steel metallurgy dust zinc direct reduction process briquettes