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Learnware:small models do big

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 39-50页

作者： zhi-Hua ZHOU zhi-hao TAN National Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University

There are complaints about current machine learning techniques such as the requirement of a huge amount of training data and proficient training skills,the difficulty of continual learning,the risk of catastrophic forgetting,and the leaking of data privacy/*** research efforts have been focusing on one of those concerned issues separately,paying less attention to the fact that most issues are entangled in *** prevailing big model paradigm,which has achieved impressive results in natural language processing and computer vision applications,has not yet addressed those issues,whereas becoming a serious source of carbon *** article offers an overview of the learnware paradigm,which attempts to enable users not to need to build machine learning models from scratch,with the hope of reusing small models to do things even beyond their original purposes,where the key ingredient is the specification which enables a trained model to be adequately identified to reuse according to the requirement of future users who know nothing about the model in advance.

关键词： artificial intelligence machine learning learnware

Time-dependent model for two-phase flow in ultra-high water-cut reservoirs: Time-varying permeability and relative permeability

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Petroleum Science 2024年第4期21卷 2536-2553页

作者： Shao-Chun Wang Na Zhang zhi-hao Tang xue-Fei Zou Qian Sun Wei Liu College of Energy Resources Chengdu University of Technology College of Petroleum Engineering Shandong Institute of Petroleum and Chemical Technology

For the ultra-high water-cut reservoirs, after long-term water injection exploitation, the physical properties of the reservoir change and the heterogeneity of the reservoir becomes increasingly severe, which further aggravates the spatial difference of the flow field. In this study, the displacement experiments were employed to investigate the variations in core permeability, porosity, and relative permeability after a large amount of water injection. A relative permeability endpoint model was proposed by utilizing the alternating conditional expectation(ACE) transformation to describe the variation in relative permeability based on the experimental data. Based on the time dependent models for permeability and relative permeability, the traditional oil-water two-phase model was improved and discretized using the mimetic finite difference method(MFD). The two cases were launched to confirm the validation of the proposed model. The impact of time-varying physical features on reservoir production performance was studied in a real water flooding reservoir. The experimental results indicate that the overall relative permeability curve shifts to the right as water injection increases. This shift corresponds to a transition towards a more hydrophilic wettability and a decrease in residual oil saturation. The endpoint model demonstrates excellent accuracy and can be applied to time-varying simulations of reservoir physics. The impact of variations in permeability and relative permeability on the reservoir production performance yields two distinct outcomes. The time-varying permeability of the reservoir results in intensified water channeling and poor development effects. On the other hand, the time-varying relative permeability enhances the oil phase seepage capacity, facilitating oil displacement. The comprehensive time-varying behavior is the result of the combined influence of these two parameters, which closely resemble the actual conditions observed in oil field expl

关键词： Mimetic finite difference Water flooding reservoir Time-varying physical properties Numerical simulation

P-symmetric Subharmonic Solutions for Nonlinear Hamiltonian Systems

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第6期40卷 1388-1408页

作者： Duan zhi ZHANG zhi hao Zhao School of Mathematical Sciences Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071P.R.China

In this paper,we prove that for each positive k≡1 mod m there exists a P-symmetric kmτ-periodic solution xk for asymptotically linear mτ-periodic Hamiltonian systems,which are nonautonomous and endowed with a *** the P-symmetric Hamiltonian function is semi-positive,one can prove,under a new iteration inequality of the Maslov-type P-index,that xk_(1) and xk_(2) are geometrically distinct for k_(1)/k_(2)≥(2n+1)m+1;and xk_(1),xk_(2) are geometrically distinct for k_(1)/k_(2)≥m+1 provided xk_(1) is non-degenerate.

关键词： P-symmetric subharmonic Hamiltonian systems Maslov-type index theory iteration inequality asymptotically linear

Radical involved reactive wetting and retarding mechanism of alumina refractory ceramic by molten slags under weak static magnetic field

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第6期31卷 1355-1366页

作者： Sheng-hao Li Ao Huang Fan-bo Zeng Hui Peng hao-ran Wei xue-chun Huang Sheng-qiang Song Hua-zhi Gu The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina

High alumina slag will cause severe corrosion at the interface of alumina refractory,and the wetting behavior of slag is a key factor influencing the corrosion resistance of refractory *** static magnetic field is a promising solution for improvement in the slag resistance of *** wetting of alumina refractory ceramics with different basicities of high alumina slags under a weak static magnetic field was analyzed,given that a weak static magnetic field can affect the corrosion behavior of refractory *** slag S_(3) as an example,when there was an external static magnetic field of 1.0 mT at 1600 ℃,the thickness of calcium aluminate reaction layer at the interface decreased by 36.7%,the denting depth of interface decreased by 35.6%,and the apparent wetting angle increased by 20%.The living radicals and their formation path in oxide melts were verified by first-principles calculation combined with electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy *** influence of the flux density of a weak static magnetic field on the wetting behavior of slags was also *** contact angle of the slags increased owing to the inhibitory effect of magnetic field on the radicalinvolved reaction at the interface of the slag and the alumina refractory *** relationships between the magnetic flux density,diffusion coefficient,slag microstructure(hyperfine coupling constant),and contact angle were *** provides a theoretical basis for the field control of radical involved reactive wetting between inorganic oxide slags and solid oxide ceramics.

关键词： Alumina refractory ceramic Molten slag Weak magnetic field effect Reactive wetting Free radical

Very long wave infrared quantum dot photodetector up to 18μm

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第4期13卷 772-782页

作者： Xiaomeng xue Qun hao Menglu Chen School of Optics and Photonics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China. Westlake Institute for Optoelectronics FuyangHangzhou 311421China. Physics Department Changchun University of Science and TechnologyChangchun 130022China

Colloidal quantum dots(CQDs)are of interest for optoelectronic devices because of the possibility of high-throughput solution processing and the wide energy gap tunability from ultraviolet to infrared *** may question about the upper limit on the CQD wavelength *** date,although the CQD absorption already reaches terahertz,the practical photodetection wavelength is limited within mid-wave *** figure out challenges on CQD photoresponse in longer wavelength,would reveal the ultimate property on these ***’s more,it motivates interest in bottom-up infrared photodetection with less than 10%cost compared with epitaxial growth semiconductor *** this work,developing a re-growth method and ionic doping modification,we demonstrate photodetection up to 18μm wavelength on HgTe *** liquid nitrogen temperature,the responsivity reaches 0.3 A/W and 0.13 A/W,with specific detectivity 6.6×108 Jones and 2.3×109 Jones for 18μm and 10μm CQD photoconductors,*** work is a step toward answering the general question on the CQD photodetection wavelength limitation.

关键词： quantum wave ultraviolet

Persymmetric adaptive polarimetric detection of subspace range-spread targets in compound Gaussian sea clutter

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2024年第1期35卷 31-42页

作者： XU Shuwen hao Yifan WANG Zhuo xue Jian National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing Xidian UniversityXi’an 710071China Xi’an Electronic Engineering Research Institute Xi’an 710100China Beijing Institute of Radio Measurement Beijing 100039China School of Communications and Information Engineering Xi’an University of Posts and TelecommunicationsXi’an 710121China

This paper focuses on the adaptive detection of range and Doppler dual-spread targets in non-homogeneous and nonGaussian sea *** sea clutter from two polarimetric channels is modeled as a compound-Gaussian model with different parameters,and the target is modeled as a subspace rangespread target *** persymmetric structure is used to model the clutter covariance matrix,in order to reduce the reliance on secondary data of the designed *** adaptive polarimetric persymmetric detectors are designed based on the generalized likelihood ratio test(GLRT),Rao test,and Wald *** the proposed detectors have constant falsealarm rate property with respect to the clutter texture,the speckle covariance *** results on simulated and measured data show that three adaptive detectors outperform the competitors in different clutter environments,and the proposed GLRT detector has the best detection performance under different parameters.

关键词： sea clutter adaptive polarimetric detection compound Gaussian model subspace range-spread target persymmetric structure

Fabrication of corrosion inhibiting microcapsules functional coating and their high-efficiency corrosion resistance

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Rare Metals 2024年第2期43卷 842-848页

作者： hao-Ran Yun Lu Lu xue-Long hao Xing-Xiang Zhang School of Material Science and Engineering Tiangong UniversityTianjin300387China National Center of Analysis and Testing for Nonferrous Metals and Electronic Materials General Research Institute for Nonferrous MetalsBeijing100088China Guobiao(Beijing)Testing&Certification Co. Ltd.Beijing101407China

Benzotriazole(BTA)was loaded into calcium carbonate microsphere shell by self-assembly method and a new type of high-efficiency corrosion inhibiting microcapsules(CIMs)were fabricated,which were added and dispersed into epoxy resin coating to obtain a new corrosion resistance functional *** corrosion inhibition effect of benzotriazole on aluminum alloy matrix was verified by polarization curve *** effectiveness of the CIMs and their loading capacity on inhibitor were evaluated by scanning electron microscope,laser confocal Raman spectroscopy together with thermogravimetric analysis.

关键词： corrosion coating resistance

Evolutionary dynamics of tax-based strong altruistic reward andpunishment in a public goods game

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第9期33卷 247-257页

作者： zhi-hao Yang Yan-Long Yang Mathematics and Statistics School Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China

In public goods games, punishments and rewards have been shown to be effective mechanisms for maintaining individualcooperation. However, punishments and rewards are costly to incentivize cooperation. Therefore, the generation ofcostly penalties and rewards has been a complex problem in promoting the development of cooperation. In real society,specialized institutions exist to punish evil people or reward good people by collecting taxes. We propose a strong altruisticpunishment or reward strategy in the public goods game through this phenomenon. Through theoretical analysis and numericalcalculation, we can get that tax-based strong altruistic punishment (reward) has more evolutionary advantages thantraditional strong altruistic punishment (reward) in maintaining cooperation and tax-based strong altruistic reward leads toa higher level of cooperation than tax-based strong altruistic punishment.

关键词： evolutionary game theory strong altruism punishment reward

Clinical efficacy and pathological outcomes of transanal endoscopic intersphincteric resection for low rectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第3期16卷 933-944页

作者： zhi-Wen Xu Jing-Tao Zhu hao-Yu Bai xue-Jun Yu Qing-Qi Hong Jun You Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen UniversitySchool of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamen 361000Fujian ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Transanal endoscopic intersphincteric resection(ISR)surgery currently lacks sufficient clinical research and *** To investigate the clinical effectiveness of transanal endoscopic ISR,in order to promote the clinical application and development of this *** This study utilized a retrospective case series *** and pathological data of patients with lower rectal cancer who underwent transanal endoscopic ISR at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University between May 2018 and May 2023 were *** patients underwent transanal endoscopic ISR as the surgical *** conducted this study to determine the perioperative recovery status,postoperative complications,and pathological specimen charac-teristics of this group of *** This study included 45 eligible patients,with no perioperative *** overall incidence of early complications was 22.22%,with a rate of 4.44%for Clavien-Dindo grade≥III *** patients(4.4%)developed anastomotic leakage after surgery,including one case of grade A and one case of grade *** pathological examination confirmed negative circumferential resection margins and distal resection margins in all *** mean distance between the tumor lower margin and distal resection margin was found to be 2.30±0.62 *** transanal endoscopic ISR procedure consistently yielded high quality pathological *** Transanal endoscopic ISR is safe,feasible,and provides a clear anatomical *** is associated with a low incidence of postoperative complications and favorable pathological outcomes,making it worth further research and application.

关键词： Intersphincteric resection Transanal Rectal cancer Complications Endoscopic